Applications of Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy (CLEM) to Organic Matter in the North American Shale Petroleum Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Valentine ◽  
P.C. Hackley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
North American ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
The North

CANNING BASIN AND GLOBAL PALAEOZOIC PETROLEUM SYSTEMS—A REVIEW

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Carlsen ◽  
K. Ameed R. Ghori
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
North African ◽  
Canning Basin ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields

There are more than 131 giant and super-giant oil and gas fields with Palaeozoic source and reservoir that are similar to the Canning Basin. These include Palaeozoic basins of North America, North Africa, and the North Caspian Basin of Kazakhstan and Russia.The productivity of these Palaeozoic petroleum systems depends on timing of generation and preservation of charge. Thick Ordovician, Permian, and Triassic evaporite deposits played a very important role in creating and preserving the North American, north Caspian, and north African giant oil and gas fields, respectively.The Mesozoic–Tertiary charged Palaeozoic systems are typically more productive than the Palaeozoic charged systems as exemplified by the north African basins.The Ordovician sourced and reservoired giant oil fields of the North American Mid-Continent are also highly productive. Within the Canning Basin, Ordovician sourced oil has been recovered on the Barbwire Terrace (in Dodonea–1, Percival–1 and Solanum–1) on the Dampier Terrace (in Edgar Range–1 and Pictor–1) and along the Admiral Bay Fault Zone (in Cudalgarra–1, Great Sandy–1, and Leo–1).The Canning Basin may be the least explored of the known Palaeozoic basins with proven petroleum systems. The Palaeozoic basins of North America are the most explored with 500-wells/10,000 km2 compared to the Canning Basin with only 4-wells/10,000 km2.The presence of five oil fields, numerous oil and gas shows and the well density in the Canning Basin (200 wells in 530,000 km2) suggests that further exploration is warranted. Critical analysis of the distribution of source rock, reservoir, seal, timing of generation versus trap formation and post accumulation modification for each tectonic unit of the Canning Basin is required.

Ultrastructural and immunological demonstration of the nodulation of the European Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. host plant by the North-American Alnus crispa var. mollis Fern, root nodule endophyte

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1529-1547 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lalonde ◽  
A. Quispel
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
North American ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Alnus Crispa ◽  
The North

The inoculation of the European Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. host plant by a crushed-nodule inoculum, prepared with the North-American Alnus crispa var. mollis Fern, root nodule, was successful. Fluorescein- and ferritin-labelled antibodies, specific against the A. crispa var. mollis root nodule endophyte (Lalonde et al. 1975), demonstrated the identity of this endophyte in the resulting nodules. The nodulation process of this abnormal host–endophyte system was studied by light and electron microscopy. An excretion of host blebs containing electron-dense polysaccharide material, resulting in the formation of exo-encapsulation threads containing presumptive endophytic bacterial cells, was associated with deformed root hairs. Originating from an exoen-capsulation thread, the endophyte penetrates the root hair cell and then migrates as a hypha toward the cortical cells of the root. Its migration in the cortical cells of the primary nodule results in the induction of a lateral root which develops as the true nodule. The ultrastructure of the A. crispa var. mollis endophyte developing in the primary and true nodule of the abnormal A. glutinosa host was similar to the one induced inside its normal A. crispa var. mollis host. The actinomycetal intruder was a branched and septate hypha able to produce septate vesicles. The endophyte was always encapsulated in an electron-dense polysaccharide material surrounded by a host plasma membrane envelope. However, in this abnormal host–endophyte system, the number of primary nodules formed per root system was drastically reduced, and their appearance was delayed by 1 to 2 weeks. The delayed nodules were effective in fixing nitrogen and able to support satisfactory plant growth in a nitrogen-free medium.

scholarly journals First Report of a Furovirus Infecting Field-Grown Rye in North America

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Momol ◽  
A. Blount ◽  
T. A. Kucharek ◽  
M. A. Petersen ◽  
M. Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
North America ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
Research And Education

Viral symptoms were present in a dwarf recurrent population (99RP17) of rye (Secale cereale) at the North Florida Research and Education Center in Quincy, Gadsden County, FL, during the winter and spring of 2000. Symptoms and distribution of the infected plants in the field were similar to those caused by Soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV; acronym WSBMV), which was first recognized in North America in 1919 (4) and found in Florida in wheat in 1970 (3). SBWMV has been observed based on symptoms in rye in North America (4). Interveinal, non-continuous, chlorotic areas of leaves and stunting of plants in patchy patterns occurred in four locations (0.8 to 1.6 km between locations). Incidences of the disease ranged from 3 to 15%. Leaves and roots of more than 25 plants were assessed. Using light microscopy, after staining with Calcomine Orange 2RS/Luxol Brilliant Green BL (1), amorphous, vacuolate inclusions were observed in all assayed leaves. With electron microscopy, rigid rods were present with a bimodal distribution of particle lengths that conformed to size distributions found originally in wheat in 1970 in Florida. Leaves with symptoms were sent to Agdia Inc. (Elkhart, IN) and samples were strongly positive for SBWMV using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cystosori of Polymyxa graminis were detected from a few roots from symptomatic plants. While these associations are suggestive of SBWMV, and rye is a reported host of SBWMV, the possibility of this virus being soilborne rye mosaic virus exists (2). Such a differentiation will require nucleotide sequence analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a furovirus infecting field-grown rye in Florida and in North America. References: (1) R. G. Christie and J. R. Edwardson. 1994. Light and Electron Microscopy of Plant Virus Inclusions Monogr. 9. University of Florida, Quincy. (2) R. Koenig et al. 1999. Arch. Virol. 144:2125–2140. (3) T. A. Kucharek and J. H. Walker. Plant Dis. Rep. 58:763–765, 1974. (4) H. H. McKinney. J. Agric. Res. 23:771–800, 1923.

scholarly journals Distribution and sources of organic matter in surface marine sediments across the North American Arctic margin

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 4017-4035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Goñi ◽  
Alison E. O'Connor ◽  
Zou Zou Kuzyk ◽  
Mark B. Yunker ◽  
Charles Gobeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
North American ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Arctic

scholarly journals Effect of salt stress on nutrient concentration, photosynthetic pigments, proline and foliar morphology of Salvinia auriculata Aubl.

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angélica da Conceição Gomes ◽  
Marina Satika Suzuki ◽  
Maura da Cunha ◽  
Cristiane Ferrante Tullii
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
The North ◽  
Foliar Morphology

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of NaCI and Na2So4 salts on Ca, CI, K, Mg N, P, S and Na content as well as on the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotenoids), proline content and on the foliar morphology of Salvinia auriculata Aubl. METHODS: The plants were collected in Jacu lagoon, located in the North of Rio de Janeiro State, and after a five-day-acclimation period, experiments were performed in the greenhouse with 0, 100, 200 mM concentrations of NaCI and Na2SO4 salts and the usual techniques for light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: After seven days of experiment, a decrease in the content of Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, P, N ions as well as in the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a,b and carotenoids) in Salvinia auriculata under saline treatments was observed. The proline content showed an upward tendency as compared to the control. Under transmission electron microscopy, it was observed that, on the foliar limb, there was a membrane system disorder, mainly of chloroplasts, with higher presence of starch grains of plant cells subjected to salinity. Under scanning electron microscope, the integrity of trichomes and foliar limb cells of Salvinia auriculata subjected to the control treatment as well as the changes caused by salinization on the surface of cells were observed. CONCLUSION: As for all the salinization effects evaluated, it was noticed that the increase in Na2SO4 salt concentration resulted in higher morphological and nutritional alterations in the floating aquatic macrophyte, Salvinia auriculata.

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