scholarly journals Diversity and Structure of Social Wasps Community (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae) in Neotropical Dry Forest

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Elisei ◽  
Edigleidson Valadares ◽  
Celso Feitosa Martins ◽  
Fábio Aquino Albuquerque

In the northeastern part of Brazil, located 90% within the semi-arid region of the country, we can find areas that present quite peculiar characteristics, amongst these the Caatinga. This biome is characterized by the floristic composition formed of dry forest and in this semi-arid environment there is an increase in the supply of resources during the rainy season. This is a region lacking in research, particularly in the State of Paraíba, where no survey studies of social wasp were carried out yet. Social wasps are an important predator of plagues species. The objective of this study was to conduct a survey of the community of social wasps (Polistinae species) that inhabit in the neotropical dry forest of Paraiba, in the municipalities of Sumé and Prata, and to compare the richness and abundance of wasps located in areas of Caatinga with those inhabiting areas intercropping plantation with organic farming. The present study sampled 10 Polistinae species distributed in six genera. Two new species were registered for the state. The comparison between the community of social wasps of the Caatinga There was not statistical difference in the richness and abundance between the natural vegetation and organic intercropping. This means that agroecosystem attracted community of Polistinae, promoting the maintenance of social wasps in anthropic environmental and favoring the biological control. 

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1600
Author(s):  
Thiago Elisei ◽  
Fabio Albuquerque ◽  
Sergio Andena ◽  
Celso Martins

The state of Paraíba is included in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, called Caatinga, and this region is characterized by low and irregular rainfall, with xerophilous vegetation. Social wasps are an important ecological group, which has been utilized for biological control and as bioindicators of environmental quality. Few studies about the diversity of social wasps were accomplished in the Caatinga and there is no survey of social wasps in the state of Paraiba. This study used data collected from city of Sumé, through field research and analysis of previously deposited material from surveys realized by Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research (EMBRAPA). Two species of social wasps, Polistes simillimus and Mischocyttarus cearensis, were recorded for the first time in state of Paraiba.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio Flávio Freire Lima ◽  
Lúcio Flávio Freire Lima

In this work, we carried out an inventory of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Polistinae) from remnants of Caatinga and Atlantic Forest from the central-south region of the state of Bahia. Nest sampling was carried out in the period from March 2010 to June 2011, using the method of active search. We obtained 90 nests and identified 22 species, three subspecies and one morphospecies of social wasp belonging to ten genera and eight subgenera. Five species were recorded for the first time in the state of Bahia, and the genus Polybia was the most frequent one, with seven identified species. The obtained results confirmed the diversity of the Atlantic Forest, and point to a rich fauna of social wasps in the Caatinga.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Iêdo Bezerra Sá ◽  
Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha ◽  
Tatiana Ayako Taura ◽  
Marcos Antônio Drumond

Na região Semiárida do Estado de Pernambuco existe grande diversidade na paisagem natural, onde a vegetação, os solos e o clima geram uma multiplicidade de situações que concorrem para formação de diferentes ecossistemas e habitats com grande potencial ecológico e ambiental. Nesta região, a vegetação é caracterizada por diferentes fisionomias, variando de áreas com formações arbustivas, com cobertura do solo muito escassa e quase ausente, a formações arbóreas com níveis de cobertura bastante densas. De modo análogo, nesta região ocorre uma grande variedade de solos, que por suas características, manejo e situação no relevo podem potencializar os processos erosivos, determinantes no desencadeamento da desertificação. Considerando as interrelações destas duas variáveis ambientais, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um diagnóstico das áreas susceptíveis à desertificação da Região de Desenvolvimento Sertão do São Francisco - RDSF, tendo como base o cruzamento das informações da cobertura vegetal natural e das classes de solos. Para tanto, foram utilizados o recorte do mapeamento da cobertura vegetal e uso do solo e o recorte do mapeamento de solos da RDSF. Foram estabelecidos critérios para susceptibilidade da cobertura vegetal, assim como para as classes de solos presentes na área. Executou-se a intersecção destas duas bases de informação para o perfil da sensibilidade à desertificação. Os resultados mostram que a RDSF tem os seguintes valores das áreas em processos de desertificação: 1,77% na classe ausente ou fraca; 74,74% na classe moderada; 0,35% na classe acentuada e 23,14% na classe severa. Deste modo, observa-se que aproximadamente 98% da RDSF encontram-se na situação de sensibilidade à desertificação em que predominam as classes de Moderada a Severa. In the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco there are plenty of biophysics where vegetation, climate, soils, and the various faces and the relationships and processes that take place among them generate the formation of different ecosystems and habitats with great potential ecological and environmental. There are a range of vegetation types, ranging from shrubby coverage areas up to very sparse and mostly absent vegetation areas, which demonstrated high desertification process occurring. Similarly, a variety of soils that is in the region along with vegetation makes this a region of great variation from the viewpoint of environmental supply. This article deals with the realization of a diagnosis of environmental sensitivity to desertification of São Francisco Development Region seeking spatialize the different situations in which the environment fulfills a greater or lesser extent, its role as provider of environmental services. For this, we used the cutting mapping of existing vegetation and soil mapping of the state and the established criteria, as well as edaphic vegetation cover, featuring the susceptibility to degradation and performed the intersection of these two bases of information to profile the sensitivity to desertification. The results show that São Francisco Development Region has the following values of areas undergoing desertification: 1.77% in weak class; 74.74% in the moderate class; 0.35% in sharp class, and 23.14% in severe class. Keywords: desertification, São Francisco, Semi-arid region, soils.   


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonçalo Filho ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Cleyton dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
...  

Because of climatic problems in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is of fundamental importance to seek a culture that considers water scarcity and available natural resources. Thus, a randomized block design, with subdivided plots and six replications, was carried out in the experimental area of the treatment and wastewater reuse station of the Milagres Settlement, Apodi, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating cultivation of herbaceous cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum) fertigated with domestic sewage treated in a semi-arid environment. Two cultivation cycles were carried out, and the cotton plants were fed with three different solutions containing treated domestic sewage (TDE) plus supply water (PSW), to supply the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (100% PSW – control, 50% PSW + 50% TDE and 100% TDE), with and without phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. The contribution of nutrients to the soil and plant growth were analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater presents potential fertilizer, reaching to the soil amounts of some nutrients exceeding the cotton’s needs, when 100% of the ETc was supplied via fertigation with domestic effluent, resulting in an increase in the growth rates of the plants. There was no interaction between the percentages of wastewater and phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. Phosphorus alone promoted significant variation only in the first cycle, indicating that there is a residual fertigation effect with domestic effluent on the nutrient supply.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1967
Author(s):  
José Falcão Sobrinho ◽  
José Aristires Mesquita Barboza ◽  
Cleie Lima Costa Falcão

The research aims to evaluate the use of the painting technique portraying the Ceará semi-arid region environment. In the opportunity, it was possible to apply the painting technique and to verify the understanding of some geographic concepts, according to the students artistic perspective. The target audience was consisted by the Deputy Cesário Barreto Lima school students, located in the district of Taperuaba - Sobral, state of Ceará, precisely in the semi-arid environment. Therefore it was portrayed the environment through canvas paintings. The painting material consisted of soil ink.  Aplicação da técnica da pintura: uma experiência da arte e da ciência para o conhecimento do ambiente semiárido R E S U M OA pesquisa tem por objetivo avaliar o emprego da técnica da pintura retratando o ambiente semiárido cearense. Na oportunidade, foi possível aplicar a técnica da pintura e constatar o entendimento de alguns conceitos geográficos, isso a partir da perspectiva artística dos alunos envolvidos. O público alvo consistiu alunos da E.E.M. Deputado Cesário Barreto Lima, localizada no distrito de Taperuaba-Sobral, estado do Ceará, precisamente no ambiente semiárido. Portanto se retratou o ambiente em questão através de pinturas de quadros. O material para pintura consistiu na tinta de solos.Palavras-chave: Técnica da pintura; Semiárido; Pintura com Solo; Recurso técnico.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Crispim ◽  
Ronilson José da Paz ◽  
Takako Watanabe

A new total of nine continental gastropod forms are incorporated to the previous systematic malacological inventory of Santa Catarina's State/SC, central southern Brazil region, the species Helicina schereri Baker, 1913, Assiminea sp, Lamellaxis clavulinus (Potiez and Michaud, 1838), Lamellaxis (Leptopeas) cf. mizius Marcus & Marcus, 1968, Plekocheilus (Eurytus) sp, Rhinus cf. longisetus (Moricand, 1846), Simpulopsis cf. ovata Sowerby, 1822, Megalobulimus klappenbachi Leme, 1964, and Zilchogyra cleliae Weyrauch, 1965. Included in eight genera and seven families, raise the state record for 220 species and subspecies regionally known (190 gastropods - 148 terrestrial, 2 amphibian and 40 limnic/freshwater –, and 30 freshwater bivalves).


Author(s):  
Mtyobile Mxolisi

Maize is considered as one of the important grain crop in the world. Maize is in high demand within district because it is one of the staple food and also used for animal feed. Current yield attained by small scale farmers is lower than the potential of our existing varieties. In field experiment at Njizweni situated in Gqeleni sub-district was conducted in November 2018 to evaluate the agronomic and yield performance maize cultivars in a semi-arid environment. Plant population, plant height, leaf area, number of cobs/plant, cob length, number of grains per cob, 100 grain weight and number of cobs were significantly different (p<0.05) between cultivars. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) on maize grain yield although maximum number of cobs per plant (1.76) was recorded on PAN 6R-710BR, PAN5R-591R, BG 5285 and WE 6208B.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Fredson Bezerra Lopes ◽  
Eunice Maia Andrade ◽  
Lindbergue Araújo Crisóstomo ◽  
Meilla Marielle Araújo Rodrigues

Litter is the most important way of transferring essential elements from vegetation to the soil. This is due to nutrient cycling, a process by which decomposition of the litter adds nutrients to the soil. An understanding of this process goes beyond the need for knowledge of nutrient dynamics, since it is a question of understanding the way in which ecosystems function in the search for a correct use of natural resources. The aim of this study was to quantify the average concentrations of the following nutrients: Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and Organic Carbon (C) in litter remaining in an area of tropical dry forest - Caatinga. The work was carried out on the Elias Andrade Private Natural Heritage Reserve (PNHR) of the Irmãos Andrade Farm, located in the semi-arid region of the State of Ceará. In February 2009, 48 nylon litter bags were randomly distributed, each containing 30 g of litter collected in the area of the Reserve. Every two months, from February 2009 to January 2011, four bags were randomly collected. Over time, variations were seen in the average levels of N, P and K for the litter in the nylon bags. The nutrient with the greatest contribution to the system from the litter was Nitrogen, followed by K and P. The highest N content occurred at the beginning of the experiment. The C content decreased over the study period. The mean C to N ratio of the litter was 21, which was in the borderline range between the processes of mineralisation and immobilisation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Magalhães Souza ◽  
Epifânio Porfiro Pires ◽  
Rafael Eugênio ◽  
Reinildes Silva-Filho

The occurrence of Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikán, Mischocyttarus ignotus Zikán, Mischocyttarus nomurae Richards and Mischocyttarus paraguayensis Zikán for the state of Minas Gerais and Mischocyttarus garbei Zikán for the state of Rio de Janeiro are registered for the first time, collected through active search and attractive traps. Novos Registros de Vespas Sociais (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) em Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana e Mata Seca em Minas Gerais e na Mata Atlântica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro Resumo. Neste trabalho é registrado pela primeira vez a ocorrência de Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikán, Mischocyttarus ignotus Zikán, Mischocyttarus nomurae Richards e Mischocyttarus paraguayensis Zikán para o estado de Minas Gerais e Mischocyttarus garbei Zikán para o estado do Rio de Janeiro coletadas por meio de busca ativa e armadilhas atrativas.


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