An Old-Growth Forest at the Caspian Sea Coast is Similar in Epiphytic Lichens to Lowland Deciduous Forests in Central Europe

Herzogia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Ismailov ◽  
Gennadii Urbanavichus ◽  
Jan Vondrák ◽  
Václav Pouska
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Sea Coast

Tsunami Hazard of the Caspian Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Medvedeva ◽  
Igor Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Seismic Sources ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Sea Coast

<p>A regional model of tsunami seismic sources in the zone of the Main Caucasian thrust has been developed. The parameters of probable models of seismic sources and their uncertainties were estimated based on the available data on historical earthquakes and active faults of the region. The scenario modeling technique was used for the tsunami zoning of the Caspian Sea coast. The time period covered by the model catalog of earthquakes used to calculate the generation and propagation of tsunamis is about 20 000 years, which is longer than the recurrence periods of the strongest possible earthquakes. The recurrence graphs of the calculated maximum tsunami heights for the entire sea coast were plotted. On their basis, the maximum heights of tsunami waves on the coast were calculated with recurrence periods of 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 years and the corresponding survey maps of the tsunami zoning of the Caspian Sea were created. The algorithm for calculating the tsunami run-up on the coast is improved, taking into account the residual (postseismic) displacements of the bottom and land relief. Estimates of tsunami hazard for the coast near the city of Kaspiysk were carried out: within the framework of the deterministic approach, the maximum wave heights and run-up distance were calculated. It is shown that the deterministic approach slightly overestimates the maximum heights of tsunami waves with certain return periods. It is shown that changes in the mean sea level can affect the features of the propagation of tsunami waves in the Caspian Sea. Thus, at an average sea level of -25-26 m, the Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay is linked with the entire sea through a narrow strait. It leads to the propagation of tsunami waves into the water area of the bay and a decrease in wave height on the eastern coast of the sea. When the mean sea level decreases below -27 m, the positive depths in the strait disappear and water exchange through the strait stops, and the wave height in this part of the sea increases.</p>

Mechanisms of primary successions on the Caspian Sea coast

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Dimeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Sea Coast

scholarly journals The first evidence for Late Pleistocene hominin populations on the southern Caspian Sea coast

Antiquity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (355) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Vahdati Nasab ◽  
Kourosh Roustaei ◽  
Mohammad Ghamari Fatideh ◽  
Fatemeh Shojaeefar ◽  
Milad Hashemi Sarvandi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Dispersal Corridors ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Southern Caspian Sea

The southern shore of the Caspian Sea is well known for its great potential in relation to sites of Mesolithic date (e.g. Coon 1951; Jayez & Vahdati Nasab 2016). Situated between two major geographic barriers—the Alborz Mountains to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the north—this area has been considered one of the major hominin dispersal corridors during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition (Vahdati Nasab et al. 2013). Furthermore, the relatively stable and mild climatic conditions, vast and lush temperate forests, and abundance of fauna and water resources have all made this region an attractive niche for human settlement.

Host and environmental factors for gastric cancer in Babol, the Caspian Sea Coast, Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ghadimi ◽  
Hassan Taheri ◽  
Sadao Suzuki ◽  
Mehrdad Kashifard ◽  
Akihiro Hosono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Sea Coast

scholarly journals The Reproductive Strategy as an Important Trait for the Distribution of Lower-Trunk Epiphytic Lichens in Old-Growth vs. Non-Old Growth Forests

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Giorgio Brunialti ◽  
Paolo Giordani ◽  
Sonia Ravera ◽  
Luisa Frati
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Lichen Diversity ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Species Rarity

(1) Research Highlights: The work studied the beta diversity patterns of epiphytic lichens as a function of their reproductive strategies in old-growth and non-old growth forests from the Mediterranean area. (2) Background and Objectives: The reproductive strategies of lichens can drive the dispersal and distribution of species assemblages in forest ecosystems. To further investigate this issue, we analyzed data on epiphytic lichen diversity collected from old-growth and non-old growth forest sites (36 plots) located in Cilento National Park (South Italy). Our working hypothesis was that the dispersal abilities due to the different reproductive strategies drove species beta diversity depending on forest age and continuity. We expected a high turnover for sexually reproducing species and high nestedness for vegetative ones. We also considered the relationship between forest continuity and beta diversity in terms of species rarity. (3) Materials and Methods: we used the Bray–Curtis index of dissimilarity to partition lichen diversity into two components of beta diversity for different subsets (type of forest, reproductive strategy, and species rarity). (4) Results: The two forest types shared most of the common species and did not show significant differences in alpha and gamma diversity. The turnover of specific abundance was the main component of beta diversity, and was significantly greater for sexually reproducing species as compared to vegetative ones. These latter species had also the least turnover and greater nestedness in old-growth forests. Rare species showed higher turnover than common ones. (5) Conclusions: Our results suggest that sexually reproducing lichen species always have high turnover, while vegetative species tend to form nested assemblages, especially in old-growth forests. The rarity level contributes to the species turnover in lichen communities. Contrary to what one might expect, the differences between old-growth and non-old growth forests are not strong.

Oribatid mites (Acariformes) of the Caspian Sea coast and islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1202-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Ya. Shtanchaeva ◽  
A. A. Grikurova ◽  
L. S. Subías
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oribatid Mites ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Sea Coast

scholarly journals Czerwona lista porostów zagrożonych w Puszczy Kozienickiej [Red List of threatened lichens in the Kozienicka Old-growth Forest]

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 131-141
Author(s):  
Stanisław Cieśliński
Keyword(s):  
Red List ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Saprobic Fungi ◽  
Threat Status ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
The Status ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
En 31

The first regional list of threatened lichens and allied fungi is presented. The list is a result of investigation studies in the Kozienicka Old-growth Forest, in forests located between the Vistula and Radomka Rivers, in Central Poland. The status of threat to the lichen and allied fungi species listed has been determined according to the Red List Categories by IUCN (2001, version 3.1). The data obtained were compared with historical ones. Changes of the species main frequency were used as an additional indicator of their threat status. The Red List includes 144 taxa of lichens, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi, which constitute 61.8% of the local biota and 9% of Polish biota. The status of threatened biota has the following categories: Regionally Extinct (RE) - 13 taxa, Critically Endangered (CR) - 26, Endangered (EN) - 31, Vulnerable (VU) - 23, NearThreatened (NT) -17, Least Concern (LC) -14 and Data Deficient (DD)-20. Epiphytic lichens of forest and roadside trees as well as forest epixylic arę the most threatened ones.

Coarse woody debris in an old-growth deciduous forest on the Cumberland Plateau, southeastern Kentucky

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1567-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Muller ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Cumberland Plateau ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Volume and mass of coarse woody debris (> 20 cm diameter) in an old-growth forest on the Cumberland Plateau in southeastern Kentucky averaged 66.3 m3/ha and 21.8 Mg/ha, respectively. Coarse woody debris was patchily distributed among 80 sample plots (0.04 ha each), with 10 plots containing 39% of the total mass. Coarse woody debris mass was inversely, although not strongly, related to plot basal area. While 23 species contributed to the accumulation of coarse woody debris, five accounted for 72% of the total mass. These included Quercusprinus L. (25% of the total), Fagusgrandifolia L. (16%), Quercusalba L. (12%), Castaneadentata (Marsh.) Borkh. (11%), and Quercusvelutina Lam. (9%). The few studies of coarse woody debris in old-growth deciduous forests of North America suggest a regional pattern of accumulation correlated with temperature. In warmer regions, old-growth deciduous forests accumulate a mass in the range of 22–32 Mg/ha, while in cooler ecosystems, coarse woody debris ranges from 34 to 49 Mg/ha.

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