Social innovation and care provision

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Baglioni ◽  
Stephen Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Social Innovations

This chapter introduces and discusses examples of social innovation in response to the growing and pressing need to provide care for different groups. Social innovations in this area are often user-led and highly participatory. Many of the most imaginative such initiatives emerge from bottom-up responses developed by citizens’ groups. In other cases, social innovations are initiated by former public officials, frustrated at the lack of an effective response to care needs. The chapter discusses examples of such innovations. These include parental self-provision of childcare in France; involving members of migrant communities to assist with integrating new migrants in Germany; and supporting independent living for older people while providing accommodation for young people in Italy. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the lessons and potential transferability of such innovations to other contexts.

Deciding to move into extra care housing: residents’ views

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
THERESIA BÄUMKER ◽  
LISA CALLAGHAN ◽  
ROBIN DARTON ◽  
JACQUETTA HOLDER ◽  
ANN NETTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Social Leisure ◽  
Leisure Facilities ◽  
Extra Care Housing

ABSTRACTExtra care housing aims to meet the housing, care and support needs of older people, while helping them to maintain their independence in their own private accommodation. In 2003, the Department of Health announced capital funding to support the development of extra care housing, and made the receipt of funding conditional on participating in an evaluative study. Drawing on information collected directly from residents in 19 schemes, this paper presents findings on the factors motivating older people to move to extra care housing, their expectations of living in this new environment, and whether these differ for residents moving to the smaller schemes or larger retirement villages. In total, 949 people responded, 456 who had moved into the smaller schemes and 493 into the villages. Of the residents who moved into the villages most (75%) had not received a care assessment prior to moving in, and had no identified care need. There was evidence that residents with care needs were influenced as much by some of the attractions of their new living environment as those without care needs who moved to the retirement villages. The most important attractions of extra care housing for the vast majority of residents were: tenancy rights, flexible onsite care and support, security offered by the scheme and accessible living arrangements. The results suggest that, overall, residents with care needs seem to move proactively when independent living was proving difficult rather than when staying put is no longer an option. A resident's level of dependency did not necessarily influence the importance attached to various push and/or pull factors. This is a more positive portrayal of residents’ reasons for moving to smaller schemes than in previous UK literature, although moves did also relate to residents’ increasing health and mobility problems. In comparison, type of tenure and availability of social/leisure facilities were more often identified as important by those without care needs in the villages. Therefore, as in other literature, the moves of village residents without care needs seemed to be planned ones mostly towards facilities and in anticipation of the need for care services in the future.

scholarly journals Informing patterns of health and social care utilisation in Irish older people according to the Clinical Frailty Scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisling M. O’Halloran ◽  
Peter Hartley ◽  
David Moloney ◽  
Christine McGarrigle ◽  
Rose Anne Kenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Care Utilisation ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Tree Method

AbstractThere is increasing policy interest in the consideration of frailty measures (rather than chronological age alone) to inform a more equitable allocation of health and social care resources in the community. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) has attracted interest for its simplicity and consideration of multiple relevant geriatric dimensions. However, a criticism of the CFS has been the possible subjectivity in the scoring, bringing the possible danger of lack of scoring consistency across agencies. For that reason, the authors of the CFS published a classification tree method to assist with routine scoring of the CFS.The aim of the present study was to apply the CFS classification tree to data from adults aged 65 and over from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) and correlate derived CFS categories with patterns of health and social care utilisation in Irish older people assessed in Wave 5 of the study (year 2018). In addition, we explored how CFS categories and states changed over 8 years in TILDA between Wave 1 (2010) and Wave 5.Results showed the following prevalence of CFS categories in Wave 5: 6% ‘very fit’ (CFS1), 36% ‘fit’ (CFS2), 31% ‘managing well’ (CFS3), 16% ‘vulnerable’ (CFS4), 6% ‘mildly frail’ (CFS5), 4% ‘moderately frail’ (CFS6) and 1% ‘severely frail’ (CFS7). No participants were ‘very severely frail’ or ‘terminally ill’. In wave 5, increasing CFS categories had an association with increasing utilisation of hospital and community health services, and increasing hours of formal and informal social care provision. The transitions analyses from Wave 1 to 5 suggested a dynamic picture of CFS transitions, with 2-year probability of transitioning from ‘fit’ (CFS1-3) to ‘vulnerable’ (CFS4), and ‘fit’ to ‘frail’ (CFS5+) at 34% and 6%, respectively. ‘Vulnerable’ and ‘frail’ had a 22% and 17% probability of reversal to ‘fit’ and ‘vulnerable’, respectively.Our results suggest that the CFS classification tree was able to stratify the TILDA population aged 65 and over into subgroups with increasing health and social care needs. The CFS classification tree could be used to aid the allocation of health and social care resources in older people in Ireland, but given the frequency of CFS transitions in the population, it is recommended that CFS status in individuals is reviewed at least every 2 years.

scholarly journals Is informal care sufficient to meet the long-term care needs of older people with disabilities in China? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Si Ying Tan
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care

Abstract Rapid demographic shifts and socio-economic changes are fuelling concerns over the inadequate supply of informal care – the most common source of care-giving for older people in China. Unmet long-term care needs, which are believed to cause numerous adverse effects on health, continue to increase. Drawing data from the 2015 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, this study explores the relationship between informal care provision and unmet long-term care needs among older people in China. We first examine the availability of informal care among older people with disabilities. We then analyse whether a higher intensity of informal care leads to lower unmet needs. Our findings suggest that the majority of older people with disabilities receive a low intensity of care, i.e. less than 80 hours per month. Besides, a higher intensity of informal care received could significantly lower the probabilities of unmet needs for the disabled older adults who have mainly instrumental activities of daily living limitations. Our study points out that informal care cannot address the needs of those who are struggling with multi-dimensional difficulties in their daily living. Our findings highlight a pressing need for the government to buttress the formal care provision and delivery systems to support both informal care-givers and disabled older people in China.

Social Innovation and Social Policy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Baglioni ◽  
Stephen Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Welfare Policy ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Migrant Communities ◽  
Financial Exclusion ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Policy Analysts

This book provides an introduction to the concept of Social Innovation for readers interested in social and public policy. It explains why social and public policy analysts, policy makers and practitioners should become familiar with this idea, and explores how social innovation relates to key debates and core issues in public welfare. The book explains how social innovation relates to more familiar concepts, such as entrepreneurship, technological and business innovation and social enterprise. It discusses the social and economic challenges behind the growing interest in social innovation across the world. It illustrates the distinctive characteristics of social innovations through case studies which demonstrate how they address such issues as social isolation and mental health, childcare, education, homelessness, integrating migrant communities and financial exclusion. The book discusses in detail how social innovations address social problems in three substantive areas: food poverty, care provision and employment. It draws upon comparative research evidence to outline and analyse how social innovations have developed inventive responses to these complex challenges, and assesses their respective impact on well being. The book concludes by discussing the implications of social innovation for existing social welfare systems and social citizenship rights. It highlights some of the questions raised by social innovation for social and public policy reform and identifies potential limitations and concerns. It argues that those with an interest in social welfare policy should critically engage with the arguments for and evidence relating to social innovation.

Social support and care arrangements of older people living alone in rural Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2061-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALIE EVANS ◽  
PASCALE ALLOTEY ◽  
JOANNA D. IMELDA ◽  
DANIEL D. REIDPATH ◽  
ROBERT POOL
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Care Needs

ABSTRACTMalaysia has an ageing population and an increasing number of older people who live alone. This study explores the social support and care arrangements of older people living alone in rural Malaysia. The study took a qualitative approach: semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of Malay (N = 20) and Chinese (N = 20) Malaysians aged over 65. Five cross-cutting themes were identified through a thematic analysis: degrees of aloneness; relationships and social support; barriers to social support; and future illness, care and death. All participants said they lived alone; living arrangements, however, were often complex. For Malays, most support came from nearby adult children and relatives, whereas Chinese participants, who less frequently had adult children living locally, emphasised support from friends and neighbours. Emigrant adult children's assistance was mostly informational and financial, instrumental assistance was either substituted for money, or provided solely during periods of ill-health. Physical decline, limited telephone use, inadequate transportation and fears of crime were barriers to social support. Participants avoided thinking or talking about future care needs. These findings have implications for Malaysian old age policy, which is currently focused on supporting families to care for older relatives. Child migration and a growing preference for a period of independent living in old age may require policies and resources directed at older people as individuals to support their own efforts to remain independent, active and age ‘in place’.

Family Care, Independent Living and Ethnicity

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Harper ◽  
Sonya Levin
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Changing Demographics

The UK's national population structure, in line with most Western societies, is ageing rapidly. The combination of falling fertility and increasing longevity is having an impact on family structures and resultant relationships, with the emergence of long vertical multi-generational families replacing the former laterally extended family forms. This is occurring at a time when UK government policy is placing increasing reliance on families to provide health and social care and support for the growing number of frail older people. While there has been extensive research on family care within the majority white population, there is less understanding of the elder family care provision for the UK's growing older ethnic population. This paper discusses the changing demographics, new government policy on promoting independent living and its implications for family care provision, and reviews our current understanding of family care and support for older people within the UK’s varied ethnic minority families.

Are Ethnic Entrepreneurs Social Innovators? Turkish Migrant Entrepreneurs in Salzburg

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
Heiko Berner
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
Ethnic Business ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ethnic Businesses

Social innovations are targeted measures that are capable to resolve social problems (Rammert 2010) and they are directed towards an improvement of the situation (Gillwald 2000). Finally, they are directed towards an amelioration of the situation (Gillwald 2000). In Austria it is argued that ethnic business represents a type of social innovation (Haberfellner 2000). The question the paper addresses is if and to what extent ethnic business goes hand in hand with social developments and possibly boosts social change. Entrepreneurs of Turkish origin in Salzburg are the focus of analysis. The paper starts with a definition of the term ‚social innovation‘ (1), the issues of ethnic vs. migrant business (2.), followed by the description of the labour market situation of Turkish migrants in Salzburg and discrimination in the labour market (3.), and, to to round up, the analysis of biographic interviews with Turkish entrepreneurs in Salzburg (4.). The preliminary results show that there exist social problems such as the lower socio-economic situation of Turkish migrants in Salzburg and discrimination in the labour market. These problems can be seen as basis for the need of social innovations. But nevertheless Turkish run ethnic businesses in a strict sense of the word are no social innovation because they do not act against the problems in an intended way; they rather work on their own account. They may overcome disadvantages on the labour market but their actions are not directed towards overcoming the problem per se. It is much rather a transintentional aspect (Schimank 2010), which goes beyond the economic interest of the actors.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status and Long-Term Care Provision to Parents in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 725-725
Author(s):  
Yoko Ibuka ◽  
Yui Ohtsu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Socioeconomic status (SES) is generating considerable interest in terms of health of individuals, but how it is associated with long-term care has not been established yet. We study the relationship between SES and long-term care provision to parents among the Japanese adults using JSTAR. We use the following six measures of SES for the analysis: income, asset, expenditure, living condition, housing condition and education. We find a greater probability of care provision to parents among those in higher SES categories for some SES measures, compared to the lowest category. However, after considering the survival probability of parents, the relationship is reversed and the probability of care provision is found to be greater among lower SES individuals. The association is more pronounced among males. The association is likely to be partly mediated by care needs of parents. These results suggest a higher burden of care disproportionately falls in low SES individuals.

scholarly journals The Australian labour market in 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 002218562110022
Author(s):  
Elisa Birch ◽  
Alison Preston
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Older People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
The Future

This article provides a review of the Australian labour market in 2020. It outlines the monetary and fiscal responses to COVID-19 (including JobKeeper, JobSeeker and JobMaker policies), describes trends in employment, unemployment and underemployment and summarises the Fair Work Commission’s 2020 minimum wage decision. Data show that in the year to September 2020, total monthly hours worked fell by 5.9% for males and 3.8% for females. Job loss was proportionately larger amongst young people (aged 20–29) and older people. It was also disproportionately higher in female-dominated sectors such as Accommodation and Food Services. Unlike the earlier recession (1991), when more than 90% of jobs lost were previously held by males, a significant share (around 40%) of the job loss in the 2020 recession (year to August 2020) were jobs previously held by females. Notwithstanding a pick-up in employment towards year’s end, the future remains uncertain.

A systematic review into healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards self-harm in children and young people and its impact on care provision

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110144
Author(s):  
Lea Raquel Ribeiro Coimbra ◽  
Amy Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Impact Patient Care

Self-harming behaviours in children and young people are an alarming reality, with provision of effective treatment historically compromised. The present systematic literature review highlights attitudes displayed by healthcare professionals towards this health problem, providing valuable insight by analysing how these attitudes can impact patient care. Ten studies were included, allowing creation of a narrative synthesis of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence. Six themes emerged: negativity, positivity, worry or fear, the emotional impact of working with these patients, professional roles and ward-dependent concerns. Overall, professional negativity towards this patient group, in the form of apprehensiveness, was accentuated by fear of worsening their symptoms. The attitude aforementioned impacts on treatment by hindering creation of meaningful therapeutic relationships. Educational opportunities that increase healthcare professionals’ knowledge of self-harm have the potential to provide invaluable power by promoting positive attitudes.

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