Learning the Language of the Child

2018 ◽  
pp. 130-154
Author(s):  
Ann Oakley
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Mother

This chapter explores the process of a new mother coming to terms with her newborn. It shows how, within the hospital, biological motherhood is achieved, but the social role of mother is only rehearsed. The chapter considers the breadth of emotions that the mother goes through as she endures the crippling sense of isolation, the challenges of being a new mother, and even the joys of motherhood. Looking after a baby twenty-four hours a day is an experience that cannot be imagined in advance, after all. Ninety-one per cent of the sample mothers in this volume said it differed from their expectations — motherhood is more exhausting, even if it is also more rewarding, than the rosy pictures in the books. Images of how people thought it would be come more sharply into focus when viewed through the lens of reality: motherhood a full-time job, a responsibility for life.

scholarly journals The dynamics of structural changes in the social-role attitudes of students during studies at higher educational institution

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Olha Savytska
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Higher Educational

Abstract The purpose of the paper — to present the theoretical considerations and the results of empirical study concerning on the intentional characteristics of professional consciousness (on the example of social-role attitudes of students). The structure, the dynamics of changes in the social-role attitudes of students during studies at higher educational institution in different forms of studies (full-time and part-time) and the influence of the quality of program content transferred during the education process on the shaping of students' professional awareness were also discussed. The methodology of the research. We used the method of questioning and incomplete sentences in the research. The sample consisted of 94 students of 1 - 5 courses in the following fields: psychology, primary education, mathematics and physics. The study involved 17 part-time students and 77 full-time students. The age of full-time students was from 17 to 22 years old, and the age of part-time students was from 24 to 35 years old. Methods of mathematical statistics are used to evaluate the data. The results of the research. The data of the empirical research of the students' social-role attitudes show that they have content peculiarities as for the specifics of manifestation at different stages of professional training and on different forms of studies at higher educational institution. Social attitudes regarding the role of “student” and the role of “professional” which have three-component structure (cognitive, emotional and behavioural) vary in degree of awareness and completeness, and are ambivalent. This increases their resilience to changes. The discussion. The results of the studies show that the social-role attitudes undergo changes as a result of target influences in the process of professional training of future specialists at higher educational institution. Therefore, the definition of social-role attitudes features will contribute to the development of the effective technologies in the professional training of specialists.

Synergetic Theory of Document in Evolution of Document Science

2018 ◽  
pp. 1060-1068
Author(s):  
Galina A. Dvoenosova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Synergetic Theory ◽  
First Time

The article assesses synergetic theory of document as a new development in document science. In information society the social role of document grows, as information involves all members of society in the process of documentation. The transformation of document under the influence of modern information technologies increases its interest to representatives of different sciences. Interdisciplinary nature of document as an object of research leads to an ambiguous interpretation of its nature and social role. The article expresses and contends the author's views on this issue. In her opinion, social role of document is incidental to its being a main social tool regulating the life of civilized society. Thus, the study aims to create a scientific theory of document, explaining its nature and social role as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. Substantiation of this idea is based on application of synergetics (i.e., universal theory of self-organization) to scientific study of document. In the synergetic paradigm, social and historical development is seen as the change of phases of chaos and order, and document is considered a main tool that regulates social relations. Unlike other theories of document, synergetic theory studies document not as a carrier and means of information transfer, but as a unique social phenomenon and universal social tool. For the first time, the study of document steps out of traditional frameworks of office, archive, and library. The document is placed on the scales with society as a global social system with its functional subsystems of politics, economy, culture, and personality. For the first time, the methods of social sciences and modern sociological theories are applied to scientific study of document. This methodology provided a basis for theoretical vindication of nature and social role of document as a tool of social (goal-oriented) action and social self-organization. The study frames a synergetic theory of document with methodological foundations and basic concepts, synergetic model of document, laws of development and effectiveness of document in the social continuum. At the present stage of development of science, it can be considered the highest form of theoretical knowledge of document and its scientific explanatory theory.

Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Manzano Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

Ivory in the Chalcolithic enclosure of Perdigões (South Portugal): the social role of an exotic raw material

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Carlos Valera ◽  
Thomas Xaver Schuhmacher ◽  
Arun Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The Social ◽  
South Portugal

Causes of disease and causes of death

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. CODELL CARTER
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Parallel Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Apparent Reason ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Causes Of Deaths ◽  
Fixed System

In early-nineteenth-century medical literature, one finds an elegant symmetry between causes of disease and causes of death: both were sufficient causes of particular events. However, as I will argue, by the end of the century physicians no longer sought sufficient causes of individual disease episodes – instead almost all of medical research was organized around the quest for necessary causes that were shared by all the episodes of each particular disease. Such causes carried great practical and theoretical advantages: they enabled physicians to control and to explain disease phenomena.One might wonder why there has been no parallel change in our thinking about causes of death; to this very day, causes of death are sufficient causes of particular events. In principle there is no apparent reason why we could not identify necessary causes for classes of deaths – indeed, we sometimes do so. But, in the case of death, such causes hold little interest. Because of how they are used, sufficient causes for individual deaths are more interesting and more important to us than are necessary causes of deaths. Thus, the change in thinking about causes of disease – the change that destroyed the symmetry between causes of disease and causes of death – may not reflect simply progress within a fixed system of medical goals and values, but a profound change in the social role of physicians.

The Social Role of the Mormon Polygamous Male

1943 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
J. E. Hulett
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
The Social
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