scholarly journals The Louisiana French Language in the Nineteenth Century

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E. Estaville
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
French Language ◽  
Louisiana French

Translation and Its Affects

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
William A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
French Language ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Vanity Fair ◽  
Good Morning ◽  
Do So

Vanity Fair (1848) famously opens with a departure. As Becky Sharpe flounces off from Miss Pinkerton's academy, she takes leave of her patron by telling her “in a very unconcerned manner … and with a perfect accent, ‘Mademoiselle, je viens vous faire mes adieux.’” Miss Pinkerton, we learn, “did not understand French, she only directed those who did: but biting her lips and throwing up her venerable and Roman-nosed head … said, ‘Miss Sharp, I wish you a good morning’” (7). This performance of befuddlement on the part of a respectable schoolmistress bespeaks a whole collection of Victorian cultural norms about language competence in general and about the French language in particular. Even though the action is set in a period when Becky's speaking “French with purity and a Parisian accent … [was] rather a rare accomplishment” (11), the novel was written for a mid-nineteenth-century audience that could mainly count on middle-class young ladies to have acquired this degree of refinement—or at least to aspire to do so.

Liberalism, Nationalism and Socialism: The Birth of Three Words

1970 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. de Bertier de Sauvigny
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
French Language ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
History Of

Three powerful ideologies emerging in the first half of the nineteenth century combined to destroy the Old Order in Western Europe and shape its future: liberalism, nationalism and socialism. Little is known about the genesis of the three words that served to designate these ideologies. The most casual research will reveal astonishing contradictions among the recognized authorities, the lexicographers, not to speak of some glaring mistakes that appear in the writings of notable historians. For such shortcomings there is no lack of excuse. Indeed, in order to produce a sound and indisputable history of these three master words, it is necessary to sift so much material—no less than the whole printed output of the age—that the task appears quite hopeless. The present essay, therefore, is clearly open to criticism and revision; it has no other purpose than to suggest some guidelines of approach and to patch together some of the scraps of evidence now available. All this, let it be well understood, being confined to the French language and scene. Similar probes in the English or German soil would undoubtedly reveal different patterns.

The Creole of Mon Louis Island, Alabama, and the Louisiana Connection

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Louisiana French ◽  
Language Data ◽  
New Evidence

Louisiana French Creole (LFC) has clearly been undergoing decreoli-zation in the twentieth century; its exact nature is difficult to determine, since the only evidence from the previous century available up to now has come from literary texts of that time. Language data was elicited from elderly informants whose parents were the last monolingual creole speakers living in the vicinity of Mobile, Alabama. Since communication between the speakers of New Orleans Creole and Mobile Creole was quite commonplace, Mon Louis Island Creole (MLIC) represents new evidence relating to nineteenth century LFC. This study presents an analysis of the MLIC and LFC noun phrase and verb phrase. Mon Louis Island (MLI) speakers use two-stem verbs which are not attested in nineteenth century LFC texts. On the other hand, there are developments in LFC, such as preposed definite articles, that were not documented in MLIC. Thus, the MLIC data might help distinguish the features already present in the nineteenth century from those which represent more recent changes in LFC.

scholarly journals The standardization process of Louisiana French: issues and outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (62) ◽  
pp. 191-213
Author(s):  
Nina Rioult
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Louisiana French ◽  
Revitalization Movement ◽  
Standardization Process ◽  
The 1960S

The main goal of this article is to give a general overview on the standardization process of the French language in Louisiana. After examining the sociolinguistic situation of Louisiana French and discussing the notion of “standard language”, following the definitions of Bagno (2011) and Milroy & Milroy (1999), we will try to understand what recovers the notion of “Standard French”. Thereafter, we will analyze how its introduction in Louisiana has triggered some issues on the linguistic norm to be used during the revitalization movement, which began in the 1960s, and how these debates influenced the French norm used nowadays in Louisiana.

Mariano Castro de Gistau (d 1856) and the Vogue for the Spanish Guitar in Nineteenth-Century Britain

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 177-197
Author(s):  
Erik Stenstadvold
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
French Language ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Concert Halls

This article reconstructs the biography of a musician of Spanish-French background whose name and existence have hitherto been unknown, the guitarist and singer Mariano Castro de Gistau (c. 1800–1856). He arrived in Britain around 1829, during the relatively brief period when the guitar was widely fashionable there. The article discusses the factors that created this fashion as well as some of the principal forces that would soon challenge the instrument’s position and complicate the life of musicians like Castro (such as the rise of a canonical repertoire performed in concert halls built ever larger). Castro remained in the British Isles until his death in 1856, with a career unfolding mainly in provincial centres like Edinburgh, Dublin, Aberdeen and Cheltenham. Contemporary reviews show that he was a highly respected musician who appeared in concerts both as a guitarist and singer, often accentuating his Spanish background in the choice of repertoire. In addition to giving singing and guitar lessons, he was teaching the French language (increasingly so in later years when the guitar had lost much of its status) and after 1845 he was also engaged as a teacher in various private schools and academies.

An Ohio Yankee at Dom Pedro's Court: Notes on Brazilian Life in the 1850's by an American Diplomat, Robert C. Schenck

1982 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 497-514
Author(s):  
Allan Peskin ◽  
Donald Ramos
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
French Language ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Daniel Webster

In 1850, after four terms in the United States Congress as a Whig from the Dayton, Ohio district, Robert Cumming Schenck decided not to run for reelection. Despondent over the recent death of his wife, Schenck yearned for a restful stay in a warmer clime. Consequently, he applied for a diplomatic post, the customary reward for loyal party service. President Millard Fillmore, a fellow Whig, obliged Schenck with an appointment as Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary to Brazil. A railroad promoter, land speculator and politician, Schenck had few formal qualifications for diplomatic service other than the confidence of Secretary of State Daniel Webster and a fluent command of the French language. These were, however, more substantial assets than most nineteenth century American diplomats could boast, and to them Schenck added a brisk, businesslike manner, immense energy and a certain gruff charm.

scholarly journals Franch-Canadian Communities in the American Upper Midwest during the Nineteenth Century

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (58) ◽  
pp. 53-72
Author(s):  
D. Aidan McQuillan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
French Language ◽  
French Canadian ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Canadian Identity ◽  
Trading Posts

The pattern of nineteenth-century French-Canadian settlements in the American Midwest bore no relation to the pattern of fur-trading posts of the eighteenth century. French-Canadians of the nine-teenth century were attracted by employment opportunities along the farming, lumbering, and mining frontiers. Detroit, Chicago, and Minneapolis-St. Paul developed French-Canadian parishes which maintained links with rural communities. Survival of the French language, cultural heritage, and affiliation with the Catholic Church varied throughout the region. Americanization of French-Canadians went hand in hand with their commercial success. A French-Canadian identity survived in the poorest, marginal, rural areas of northern Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota.

Language, politics, and the nineteenth-century French–Canadian official translator

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-456
Author(s):  
Denise Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
French Language ◽  
Language Politics ◽  
French Canadian ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Shared History ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

This article aims to contribute to the history of Canadian official translators by looking at three activist translators who were also published writers in post-confederation nineteenth-century Canada. All three francophone official translators “exiled” to Ottawa, the newly designated capital of the young confederation, were actively engaged in creating francophone spaces in and from which they could promote French-Canadian cultures and the French language. Refusing to submit passively to Anglo-dominated government authorship and to the increasingly anglicized Canadian landscape, they coordinated their efforts to carve out a distinct and distinctive place for Canadian francophones. Their weapon of choice in confronting Anglo-Canadian hegemony was authorship. From historical narrative, to novels, caustic songs and nationalist poetry, their writings nurtured pride in the shared history of French-Canadians from different backgrounds — despite the traumatic Grand Dérangement and Conquête — and generated hope for the future of their nation(s).

La phraséologie dans l’étude du français langue maternelle : des faits de langue d’Hippolyte-Auguste Dupont aux faits d’expression de Charles Bally

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-198
Author(s):  
Ma Isabel González-Rey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
The Other ◽  
French Language ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
General Rules ◽  
The One ◽  
Langue Maternelle

AbstractThe Phraséologie française élémentaire ou Nouveaux exercices de grammaire by Hippolyte-Auguste Dupont (1833) is, to our knowledge, the only work to use the word phraseology as a synonym for “Grammar of the French language”. It represents an exception not only to the school grammars of the nineteenth century, the century of schooling in France and school grammars, but also to the phraseological precepts of Charles Bally (1909). The analysis of this work, intended for the teaching of French as a mother tongue, will allow us to highlight two innovative aspects for the time: on the one hand, a very particular meaning of the word phraseology, namely that of the study of language through ordinary syntactic sentences, and, on the other hand, the place reserved for gallicisms, considered as “particular idioms” contrary to the general rules of grammar. The study of the opposition between these two groups of constructions in both Dupont’s and Bally’s work will lead us to contrast the facts of language in the former with the facts of expression in the latter.

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