Giving at Risk? Examining Perceived Risk and Blood Donation Behaviour

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 905-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Barkworth ◽  
Sally Hibbert ◽  
Suzanne Horne ◽  
Stephen Tagg
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Blood Donation

scholarly journals Influenza vaccination during the coronavirus pandemic: intention to vaccinate among the at-risk population in the Central Catalonia Health Region (VAGCOVID)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bonet-Esteve ◽  
Raquel Muñoz-Miralles ◽  
Carla Gonzalez-Claramunt ◽  
Ana M Rufas ◽  
Xavier Pelegrin Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Influenza is a major public health issue, with the primary preventive measure being an annual influenza vaccination. Nevertheless, vaccination coverage among the at-risk population is low. Our understanding of the behaviour of the influenza virus during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic is limited, meaning influenza vaccination is still recommended for individuals at risk for severe complications due to influenza infection. The aim of the study is to determine the intention to vaccinate against seasonal influenza among the at-risk population in the 2020-21 campaign during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to analyse the factors which influence such intention. Methods Cross-sectional telephone survey of adults (aged over 18) with risk factors in central Catalonia where the need for the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine (SIV) was recommended. Results A total of 434 participants responded to the survey, 43.3% of whom intended to be vaccinated against influenza for the 2020-2021 influenza season, 40.8% had no intention to be vaccinated and 15.9% were uncertain or did not express their opinion. The intention to get vaccinated against influenza is associated with having dependents, the individual’s perception of the risk of being infected with influenza and the perceived risk of transmission to dependents. It is also associated with age, whether the individual had received influenza vaccine the previous season or any other season before. The best predictors of the intention to vaccinate are the individual’s perception of the risk of catching influenza and whether the individual had been vaccinated in the previous season. Conclusions Intention to vaccinate can be a good predictor of individual behaviour in relation to vaccination. During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic many individuals are hesitant to influenza vaccination. In order to improve influenza vaccination coverage in people included in risk groups, it is necessary to promote educational actions, especially among those who express doubts.

A Group Therapy Approach to Facilitate Integration of Risk Information for Women at Risk for Breast Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Esplen ◽  
Brenda Toner ◽  
Jonathan Hunter ◽  
Gordon Glendon ◽  
Kate Butler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
History Of

Objective: To describe and illustrate elements of a group counselling approach designed to enhance the communication of risk information on breast cancer (BC) to women with a family history of this disease. Breast cancer is a leading cause of female cancer death. The most important risk factor for BC is a positive family history in at least 1 first-degree relative, and approximately one-third of women with BC have a family history of the disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is a significant psychological impact associated with having a family history of BC, and this may influence the psychological adjustment and response to being counselled for personal risk. New counselling approaches are required. Method: This paper describes a group therapy approach that incorporates principles of supportive-expressive therapy designed to address the emotional impact of being at risk for BC and to promote accuracy of perceived risk. The key elements of the intervention are described along with clinical illustrations from groups that are part of an ongoing study to develop and standardize the group therapy. Conclusion: Qualitative data from the groups suggest that this model of therapy is both feasible and effective.

Sexual Harassment of Students at Institutions of Higher Education: Variations in Students’ Experiences, Knowledge, and Perceptions Across Institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 155708512110625
Author(s):  
L. B. Klein ◽  
Marie C. D. Stoner ◽  
Nivedita L. Bhushan ◽  
Grace E. Mulholland ◽  
Bonnie S. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Sexual Misconduct ◽  
Acquaintance Rape ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education

Attention to sexual misconduct has focused on acquaintance rape, leaving a need for research on less highly recognizable forms of harm. We estimated institution of higher education (IHE)-specific prevalence of yellow zone sexual harassment (SH) among students at 27 IHEs. We then examined SH and perceived risk of sexual assault/misconduct, knowledge regarding policies/resources, and perceptions of sexual misconduct response. Between 37.1% and 55.7% of students experienced SH. Harassed students were much more likely than non-harassed students to feel at risk for sexual misconduct and to have negative views of sexual misconduct response. Implications for research, policy, and prevention/response are discussed.

Sexual-risk behaviour, self-perceived risk and knowledge of sexually transmissible infections among young Australians attending a music festival

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan S. C. Lim ◽  
Margaret E. Hellard ◽  
Campbell K. Aitken ◽  
Jane S. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Multiple Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections

Background: Prevalences of sexually transmissible infections (STI), unsafe sex and abortions are increasing in Australia and people aged 16 to 29 are particularly at risk. We conducted a survey of behaviour, knowledge and perceptions of STI risk among young people attending a longstanding annual music festival called the Big Day Out. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to a cross-sectional sample of people aged 16 to 29 years attending a music festival (Big Day Out). Results: Completed questionnaires were collected from 939 participants (507 females, 432 males) whose median age was 20 years. Of the participants, 751 (80%) had ever had vaginal or anal sex. In the previous year, 48% had multiple partners and in the past 3 months 66% had a new partner. Of these, 224 (39%; 30% of those who had ever had sex) did not use condoms all or most of the time and were classified as being at risk of STI; however, only 24% of those so classified perceived that they were at risk of an STI. In total, 43% of all sexually experienced participants had not used a condom because they reported being drunk or high at the time. STI knowledge was poor overall and male participants, those living in non-metropolitan regions, those under the age of 20 and those with less schooling scored relatively poorly. Conclusions: Our data suggest that young men and women who attend the Big Day Out are sexually active young adults with limited knowledge of STI and blood-borne viruses who regularly engage in behaviours that put them at risk of infection.

Perception of risk of adverse outcomes of older people: comparison between nursing homes, day centers and home care services

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Teixeira ◽  
Maria João Azevedo ◽  
Sara Alves ◽  
Cátia L. Pires ◽  
Constança Paúl
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Screen Instrument

Purpose In Portugal, the three main kinds of care services available for older people are nursing homes, day centers and home care services. The use of these care services is mostly based on complex socioeconomic and functional criteria; however it is not clear if this placement corresponds to a higher/lower risk of adverse outcomes. The purposes of this paper are: to characterize clients of each type of service; to estimate the proportion of individuals at perceived risk of each adverse outcome according to type of service; to assess the ability of the Risk Instrument for Screening in the Community (RISC) to identify the risk profiles according to type of service. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprised individuals aged 65+ (n=224), receiving care at home, in day centers or in nursing homes. The identification of individuals at risk for three adverse outcomes (institutionalization, hospitalization and death) was performed using a short pre-screen instrument (RISC). Findings The RISC identified mental state issues as the unique factor that differentiated clients according the type of care services (χ2 (6, N=224)=20.96, p=0.002), with day center presenting the lowest percentage of mental health concerns and nursing home presenting the highest percentage (44.44 and 71.91 percent, respectively). Additionally, a gradient was found between perceived risk of adverse outcomes (institutionalization and hospitalization) and care of levels required. Originality/value The RISC can be used to discriminate people in different settings of care and can be helpful in the selection of groups at risk that will benefit more from available services.

scholarly journals The Construct and Measurement of Perceived Risk of Nonremunerated Blood Donation: Evidence from the Chinese Public

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangyong Chen ◽  
Zujun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Psychological Risk ◽  
Chinese Public

The perceived risk of nonremunerated blood donation (NRBD) is one of the most important factors which hinder the Chinese public from donating blood. To understand deeply and measure scientifically the public’s perceived risk of NRBD, in this paper the qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore the construct of perceived risk of NRBD in Chinese context. Firstly, the preliminary construct of perceived risk of NRBD was developed based on the grounded theory. Then, a measurement scale of perceived risk of NRBD was designed. Finally, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were adopted for testing and verifying the construct. The results show that the construct of perceived risk of NRBD has three core dimensions, namely, trust risk, psychological risk, and health risk, which provides a clear construct and concise scale to better capture the Chinese public’s perceived risk of NRBD. Blood collection agencies can strategically make polices about perceived risk reduction to maximize the public’s NRBD behavior.

The Association of Prediabetes and Diabetes Risk Perception With Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Weight Loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-540
Author(s):  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Bozena J. Katic ◽  
Tailisha Gonzalez ◽  
Elizabeth Vasquez ◽  
Sandra Echeverria
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
The Past ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Purpose: To examine the association of perceived risk of prediabetes and diabetes with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and weight loss, and determine whether the association of risk perception with LTPA and weight loss varies by race/ethnicity. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Subjects: Non-Latino white, non-Latino black, and Latino nondiabetic and nonprediabetic NHANES participants ≥18 years of age who were not underweight (n = 9550). Measures: Demographic characteristics, LTPA, attempted weight loss, and perceived risk of prediabetes or diabetes. Analysis: Log-binomial regression models were fit to assess the association of perceived risk with meeting LTPA recommendations and having attempted to lose weight, overall and by race/ethnicity. Results: Individuals reporting that they perceived they could be at risk for diabetes/prediabetes were less likely to meet LTPA recommendations (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79-0.95), but significantly more likely to report attempting weight loss in the past year (aPR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.04-1.25), compared with those reporting no risk perception. Latino and non-Latino blacks who perceived they could be at risk for diabetes/prediabetes were 25% and 35% more likely to report trying to lose weight in the past year (aPR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08-1.44 and aPR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.19-1.54, respectively), compared with Latino and non-Latino blacks that did not perceive being at risk. In contrast, non-Latino whites who perceived they were at risk were 20% less likely to report meeting LTPA recommendations (aPR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72-0.89), compared with non-Latino whites reporting no risk perception. Conclusion: Findings highlight the role of perceived risk for prediabetes and diabetes in LTPA and weight loss, with findings varying by race/ethnicity. Awareness of prediabetes and diabetes risk could contribute to efforts aimed at improving LTPA and weight loss.

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