Characterization of Visible Spectral Intensity Variations of Wholesome and Unwholesome Chicken Meats with Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongliang Liu ◽  
Yud-Ren Chen ◽  
Yukihiro Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Spectral Intensity ◽  
Intensity Change ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Poultry Processing ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
2D Correlation Analysis

Generalized two-dimensional (2D) correlation analysis of visible spectra (400–700 nm) was performed to characterize the spectral intensity variations of wholesome and five different classes of unwholesome chicken meats. The meats were obtained from the chicken carcasses that were judged to be wholesome or condemned by a Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) veterinarian at a poultry processing plant. The unwholesome carcasses were condemned either because they were improperly bled (cadaver) or showed a disease symptom such as air-sacculitis, ascites, septicemia, or tumors. The results showed that there are at least three prominent bands around 445, 485, and 560 nm that could be attributed to deoxymyoglobin, metmyoglobin, and oxymyoglobin absorption, respectively. The results also demonstrated that deoxymyoglobin, metmyoglobin, and oxymyoglobin components coexist in all meats. There is, however, a clear indication that there were more variations in oxymyoglobin and deoxymyoglobin and less variations in metmyoglobin in the wholesome and cadaver meats than in the diseased meats. The asynchronous spectral analysis of the wholesome and unwholesome meats revealed that the spectral intensity change at the 485 nm band occurs later than those of the 445 and 560 nm bands. It indicates that metmyoglobin, the degraded species of both the deoxymyoglobin and oxymyoglobin, mainly existed in the diseased meats.

Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis Studies on a New Azobenzene Derivative Supramolecular System Based on Hydrogen Bonds

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Wu ◽  
Ya-Qiong Hao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Chaowei Guo ◽  
Yukihiro Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Supramolecular Assembly ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Supramolecular System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
2D Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
2D Correlation Analysis

Infrared (IR) spectra of a supramolecular assembly with an azobenzene derivative and intermolecular hydrogen bonds have been measured in the temperature range from 30 to 200 °C to investigate heat-induced structural changes and thermal stability. Principal component analysis (PCA) and two kinds of two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy, variable–variable (VV) 2D and sample–sample (SS) 2D spectroscopy, have been employed to analyze the observed temperature-dependent spectral variations. The PCA and SS 2D correlation analyses have demonstrated that the complete decoupling of hydrogen bonds in the supramolecular assembly occurs between 110 and 115 °C, which is in good agreement with the results of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study for the heating process. The PCA of the IR spectra in the region of 3600–3100 cm−1 has illustrated that there are at least four principal components for the different NH2 and CONH species in the present supramolecular system. The VV 2D correlation spectroscopy study has provided information about the structure and strength of hydrogen bonds of NH2 and CONH groups and their temperature-dependent variations. The different species of hydrogen-bonded NH2 and CONH groups in the supramolecular system can be clarified by the VV 2D correlation analysis. The VV 2D correlation analysis has also revealed the specific order of the temperature-induced changes in the hydrogen bonds of NH2 and CONH groups.

Two-Dimensional Infrared and Near-Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy: Applications to Studies of Temperature-Dependent Spectral Variations of Self-Associated Molecules

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Ozaki ◽  
Yongliang Liu ◽  
Isao Noda
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Oleyl Alcohol ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Intensity Change ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
2D Ir ◽  
Almost All

This paper demonstrates the potential of generalized two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform (FT) infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) correlation spectroscopy in the studies of temperature-dependent spectral variations of self-associated molecules. Three examples of the 2D correlation analysis are discussed in this paper. The first two are concerned with the temperature-dependent IR and NIR spectral changes of N-methylacetamide (NMA) in the pure liquid state. The 2D IR correlation approach revealed that almost all the peaks of NMA in the 3400–1100-cm−1 region consist of two to four separate bands. For example, the amide I band contains contributions from at least four distinct bands at 1685, 1665, 1650, and 1635 cm−1. The analysis of the asynchronous 2D IR spectrum in the amide I region showed that the sequence of spectral intensity change in the ascending order of temperature was given by 1635<1650<1665<1685 cm−1. These bands at 1635, 1650, 1665, and 1685 cm−1 were assigned to the amide I modes of chain oligomers of various sizes and dimer of NMA; the longer the chain, the lower the frequency. The closeup view of 2D NIR correlation spectra of NMA obtained at narrow spectral and temperature windows enabled us to propose not only band assignments in the 6800–6050-cm−1 region but also a detailed mechanistic picture of the thermally induced dissociation of NMA for each temperature range. We also applied the generalized 2D correlation approach to the analysis of a set of FT NIR spectra of oleyl alcohol under temperature variations. The 2D NIR analysis enhanced the spectral resolution and simplified the spectra with overlapped bands. For example, it was found that a band at 7090 cm−1 arising from the first overtone of an OH stretching mode of the monomeric alcohol consists of two bands due to the rotational isomerism of the free OH group. An intriguing possibility of correlating various overtone and fundamental bands to establish unambiguous assignments was also suggested from the 2D NIR study on oleyl alcohol.

scholarly journals New Approach to Generalized Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy. 1: Combination of Principal Component Analysis and Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 1562-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Mee Jung ◽  
Hyeon Suk Shin ◽  
Seung Bin Kim ◽  
Isao Noda
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Noise Component ◽  
Reconstructed Data ◽  
2D Correlation Analysis

The direct combination of chemometrics and two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy is considered. The use of a reconstructed data matrix based on the significant scores and loading vectors obtained from the principal component analysis (PCA) of raw spectral data is proposed as a method to improve the data quality for 2D correlation analysis. The synthetic noisy spectra were analyzed to explore the novel possibility of the use of PCA-reconstructed spectra, which are highly noise suppressed. 2D correlation analysis of this reconstructed data matrix, instead of the raw data matrix, can significantly reduce the contribution of the noise component to the resulting 2D correlation spectra.

Characterization of Adulterated Milk by Two-Dimensional Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
pp. 2560-2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Yang ◽  
W. Y. Zhang ◽  
Y. R. Yang ◽  
Z. C. Wu ◽  
G. M. Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Two Dimensional
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