Method to Determine all Detectable Exchangeable Cations Using X-Ray Emission and Optical Emission Spectroscopy

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula M. Cowgill
Keyword(s):  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bottom Mud

A method is described, employing as the sample bottom mud from Linsley Pond, North Branford, Connecticut, for the determination of all detectable exchangeable cations lying between lithium and uranium on the periodic table. Dried (48 h 110°C) and ground (200 mesh) lake mud samples are leached successively with IN, pH 6.9 ammonium acetate. Another set of similarly prepared samples are leached with doubly distilled deionized water. The leachate is made up to 100 ml. This volume is then added to a beaker containing two grams of terephthalic acid. The liquid is evaporated on to the water-insoluble terephthalic acid. The dried material is ground and pressed into a pellet. Another set of samples is treated in a similar fashion except that methyl cellulose is used as a substrate. The advantages and disadvantages of the two substrates are discussed. The pressed pellets containing the absorbed detectable exchangeable cations are examined with a G. E. x-ray emission spectroscope for those elements present between fluorine and uranium, and the lighter elements are examined by use of optical emission. The method in both cases is described.

The Determination of All Detectable Elements in the Aquatic Plants of Linsley Pond and Cedar Lake (North Branford, Connecticut) by X-Ray Emission and Optical Emission Spectroscopy

1973 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula M. Cowgill
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
X Ray

A method, employing optical and x-ray emission, is described for the determination of all detectable elements in aquatic plants growing in the littoral zone of two lakes in Connecticut. The pondweed and the hornwort accumulate As. Comparative data are presented for the determination of this element by atomic absorption and x-ray emission. The chemical composition of some plants is shown as well as the distribution of the rare earths in various portions of the yellow water lily.

scholarly journals Using SEM-EDX and ICP-OES to Investigate the Elemental Composition of Green MacroalgaVaucheria sessilis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Michalak ◽  
Krzysztof Marycz ◽  
Katarzyna Basińska ◽  
Katarzyna Chojnacka
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Analytical System

The biomass ofVaucheria sessilisforms algal mats in many freshwaters. There is a need to find the method of algal biomass utilization.Vaucheria sessilisis a rich source of micro- and macronutrients and can be used as a soil amendment. In the paper, the elemental composition of enriched, via bioaccumulation process, macroalga was investigated. For this purpose, two independent techniques were used: scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray analytical system (SEMEDX) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The biomass was exposed to two microelemental solutions, with Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions. After two weeks of the experiment, macroalga accumulated 98.5 mg of Zn(II) ions in 1 g of dry biomass and 68.9 mg g−1of Cu(II) ions. Micrographs performed by SEM proved that bioaccumulation occurred. Metal ions were bound on the surface and in the interior of cells. Mappings of all cations showed that in the case of the surface of biomass (biosorption), the elements constituted aggregations and in the case of the cross section (bioaccumulation) they were evenly distributed. The algal biomass with permanently bound microelements can find an application in many branches of the industry (feed, natural fertilizers, etc.).

Lattice-constant and stress measurement in single crystals: a new method

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balder Ortner
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
New Method ◽  
Lattice Plane ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

A method for the X-ray determination of lattice-plane distances is given. Similar to Bond's method, it is based on the measurement of rocking curves, with some advantages and disadvantages compared with the former method. The new method is especially designed for single-crystal stress measurement. Its usefulness is demonstrated in two examples of lattice-constant and stress measurement.

Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy Determination of Trace Element Composition of Argan Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gonzálvez ◽  
M.E. Ghanjaoui ◽  
M. El Rhazi ◽  
M. de la Guardia
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy

A methodology based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after microwave assisted acid digestion has been developed to determine the trace element content of Moroccan argan oil. Limit of detection values equal or lower than few mg/kg were obtained for all elements under study. To assure the accuracy of the whole procedure, recovery studies were carried out on argan oil samples spiked at different concentration levels from 10 to 200 µg/L. Quantitative average recovery values were obtained for all elements evaluated, demonstrating the suitability of this methodology for the determination of trace elements in argan oil samples. Aluminum, calcium, chromium, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, sodium, vanadium and zinc were quantitatively determined in Moroccan argan oils being found that their concentration is different of that found in other edible oils thus offering a way for authentication and for the evaluation of possible adulterations.

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