scholarly journals Insecticide-Treated Nets for the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Gamble ◽  
Paul J Ekwaru ◽  
Paul Garner ◽  
Feiko O. ter Kuile
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on the association of malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Yadav ◽  
Mohan Bairwa ◽  
Deepti Dabar ◽  
Akhil Dhanesh Goel ◽  
Sarika Palepu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract: Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy contributes to significant adverse birth outcomes. This study is aimed to quantify the relationship between malaria in pregnancy and occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm delivery, low birth weight, small for gestational age, miscarriages, and stillbirth. Methods and analysis: Observational studies and Randomised controlled trials reporting data on selected birth outcomes separately for pregnancies, with or without malaria will be included. We will search for studies over various information sources and data extraction will be done from included studies. Pooled odds ratio (OR) will be calculated for each birth outcomes using fixed effect model or random effects models, based on the level of heterogeneity. Forest plot will be prepared with effect size (with 95 percent confidence interval) of each study and pooled effect size. The methodological quality will be assessed for included observational studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to evaluate bias in randomised controlled trials. For publication bias, funnel plot will be prepared and assessed for asymmetry, along with Egger′s test. Discussion: This study will provide an estimate of the risk of adverse birth outcomes in pregnancies with malaria. Results of this study will contribute towards planning effective service delivery in areas with a higher risk of malaria transmission. Ethics and dissemination: The current study is a review of published literature, and it does not require ethical committee approval. Results of this review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020153009

scholarly journals Impact of levothyroxine therapy on obstetric, neonatal and childhood outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e022837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Yamamoto ◽  
Jamie L Benham ◽  
Kara A Nerenberg ◽  
Lois E Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
In Pregnancy

ObjectiveTo determine in women with subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in pregnancy whether levothyroxine treatment compared with control, impacts important obstetrical or childhood outcomes (specifically IQ) in randomised controlled trials.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Study eligibility criteriaRandomised trials which met all the following were included: (1) reported original data of women with subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in pregnancy (by any prespecified study definition); (2) randomised to either levothyroxine or control (placebo or no treatment); (3) reported obstetrical outcomes and/or childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes and (4) published from 1980 to January 2018 in either English or French language.Data sourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov.Outcome measuresObstetrical, neonatal and childhood outcomes including: miscarriage, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, mode of delivery, neonatal intensive care unit admission, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, childhood IQ and neurodevelopmental scores.Risk of bias assessmentCochrane Risk of Bias Tool (Modified) for Quality Assessment of Randomised Controlled TrialsResultsThree trials of low to unclear risk of bias with 1837 participants were included. Two studies were meta-analysed for maternal and neonatal outcomes and two studies for childhood IQ. No statistically significant differences were found for any clinical outcomes with levothyroxine therapy compared with control.LimitationsOnly three trials were identified for inclusion.ConclusionsThis review, based on three randomised trials in women with subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in pregnancy, found no evidence of benefit of levothyroxine therapy on obstetrical, neonatal, childhood IQ or neurodevelopmental outcomes. Current trial evidence does not support the treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed in pregnancy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD4201707980.

scholarly journals Perioperative liberal versus restrictive fluid strategies and postoperative outcomes: a systematic review and metanalysis on randomised-controlled trials in major abdominal elective surgery

Critical Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Messina ◽  
Chiara Robba ◽  
Lorenzo Calabrò ◽  
Daniel Zambelli ◽  
Francesca Iannuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Perioperative Fluid Management ◽  
Liberal Approach ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Postoperative complications impact on early and long-term patients’ outcome. Appropriate perioperative fluid management is pivotal in this context; however, the most effective perioperative fluid management is still unclear. The enhanced recovery after surgery pathways recommend a perioperative zero-balance, whereas recent findings suggest a more liberal approach could be beneficial. We conducted this trial to address the impact of restrictive vs. liberal fluid approaches on overall postoperative complications and mortality. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis, including randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We performed a systematic literature search using MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid) and the Cochrane Controlled Clinical trials register databases, published from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2019. We included RCTs enrolling adult patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery and comparing the use of restrictive/liberal approaches enrolling at least 15 patients in each subgroup. Studies involving cardiac, non-elective surgery, paediatric or obstetric surgeries were excluded. Results After full-text examination, the metanalysis finally included 18 studies and 5567 patients randomised to restrictive (2786 patients; 50.0%) or liberal approaches (2780 patients; 50.0%). We found no difference in the occurrence of severe postoperative complications between restrictive and liberal subgroups [risk difference (95% CI) = 0.009 (− 0.02; 0.04); p value = 0.62; I2 (95% CI) = 38.6% (0–66.9%)]. This result was confirmed also in the subgroup of five studies having a low overall risk of bias. The liberal approach was associated with lower overall renal major events, as compared to the restrictive [risk difference (95% CI) = 0.06 (0.02–0.09); p value  = 0.001]. We found no difference in either early (p value  = 0.33) or late (p value  = 0.22) postoperative mortality between restrictive and liberal subgroups Conclusions In major abdominal elective surgery perioperative, the choice between liberal or restrictive approach did not affect overall major postoperative complications or mortality. In a subgroup analysis, a liberal as compared to a restrictive perioperative fluid policy was associated with lower overall complication renal major events, as compared to the restrictive. Trial Registration CRD42020218059; Registration: February 2020, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=218059.

Do sleep interventions change sleep duration in children aged 0-5 years? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 101498
Author(s):  
LouiseJ. Fangupo ◽  
Jillian J. Haszard ◽  
Andrew N. Reynolds ◽  
Albany W. Lucas ◽  
Deborah R. McIntosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled
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