scholarly journals The Incidence Patterns Model to Estimate the Distribution of New HIV Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: Development and Validation of a Mathematical Model

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e1002121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Bórquez ◽  
Anne Cori ◽  
Erica L. Pufall ◽  
Jingo Kasule ◽  
Emma Slaymaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals HIV Status in Sero-Discordant Couples: Prevalence and Pattern among Pregnant Women in Plateau State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Magaji FA ◽  
Ocheke AN ◽  
Ocheke AN ◽  
Pam VC ◽  
Pam VC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Discordant Couples ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Made In

Nigeria is one of the high-burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa for HIV/AIDS and contributes to reproductive health morbidities and mortalities. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of HIV-discordant rate among pregnant women in Plateau state Nigeria. The study sought to determine the prevalence and trend of HIV sero-discordance among pregnant women in Plateau state, Nigeria. The study was a 5-year descriptive analysis of HIV sero-discordance among pregnant women accessing prenatal care and their partners in Plateau state, Nigeria based on data generated between January 2012 and December 2016. The data was disaggregated by year, HIV concordant negative, HIV concordant positive, and HIV sero-discordant prevalence in the software and analysis were done using excel to obtained the proportions and trend of HIV sero-discordant prevalence among the antenatal population. Out of a total of 7,851 partners of pregnant women studied, 969 (16.3%) were HIV sero-discordant, 5,795 (73.8%) were HIV concordant negative, and 773 (9.9%) were HIV concordant positive. HIV sero-discordant positive males accounted for 12.3% while females were 4.0%. The prevalence of HIV sero-discordance was low with a high proportion of HIV positive male partners in Plateau state with grave public health implications for new HIV infections among partners and eroding the gains made in the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

scholarly journals Evaluating WHO-Recommended Interventions for Preterm Birth: A Mathematical Model of the Potential Reduction of Preterm Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Griffin ◽  
Alan H. Jobe ◽  
Doris Rouse ◽  
Elizabeth M. McClure ◽  
Robert L. Goldenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Potential Reduction ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Development and validation of a questionnaire for the assessment of physical activity in epidemiological studies in Sub-Saharan Africa

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugène Sobngwi ◽  
Jean Claude N Mbanya ◽  
Nigel C Unwin ◽  
Terrence J Aspray ◽  
KGMM Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Development And Validation

HIV-1 discordant couples in Karnataka, South India: is the sex ratio of index cases changing?

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 502-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shastri ◽  
A Shet ◽  
B Rewari ◽  
A De Costa
Keyword(s):  
Index Case ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected Partner ◽  
Discordant Couples ◽  
Sub Saharan

India has an estimated 2.5 million HIV infections, most of which are heterosexually transmitted. Women comprise 40% of infected adults. In India, 90% of women between the ages of 15 and 45 years are married. Previous literature has suggested that sexual intercourse with an HIV-infected husband represents a married woman's greatest risk for being infected. However, a recent meta-analysis of discordant couples from sub-Saharan Africa reported that women were the index case in half of all couples. Similar data are not available from India. This cross-sectional study describes the epidemiology of 925 discordant couples from five districts in Karnataka province, one of the high HIV prevalence provinces in India. Men were the index case in 74% of couples. However, in young couples (where the index case was aged <30 years), women were more likely to be the infected partner (64% of couples). Condom use was reported by 46% of these discordant couples. These results suggest an emerging predominance of female index case infections among younger discordant couples in India, and point to the need for focusing HIV preventive messages on youth and couples before marriage.

HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa not explained by sexual or vertical transmission

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gisselquist ◽  
Richard Rothenberg ◽  
John Potterat ◽  
Ernest Drucker
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Women ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Direction Of Causation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Negative

An expanding body of evidence challenges the conventional hypothesis that sexual transmission is responsible for more than 90% of adult HIV infections in Africa. Differences in epidemic trajectories across Africa do not correspond to differences in sexual behaviour. Studies among African couples find low rates of heterosexual transmission, as in developed countries. Many studies report HIV infections in African adults with no sexual exposure to HIV and in children with HIV-negative mothers. Unexplained high rates of HIV incidence have been observed in African women during antenatal and postpartum periods. Many studies show 20%–40% of HIV infections in African adults associated with injections (though direction of causation is unknown). These and other findings that challenge the conventional hypothesis point to the possibility that HIV transmission through unsafe medical care may be an important factor in Africa's HIV epidemic. More research is warranted to clarify risks for HIV transmission through health care.

scholarly journals Hearing from men in Eswatini: Shifts in HIV risk and service uptake—Findings from DREAMS implementation science research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Science ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Engaging Men ◽  
Sub Saharan

HIV prevention efforts across sub-Saharan Africa are increasingly focused on engaging men, for their own health and that of their partners and families. We examined whether and how HIV risk and protective factors are changing among men in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland)—a country with a substantial HIV burden. The study is part of the Population Council’s implementation science research portfolio on the DREAMS Partnership1, a large-scale initiative to reduce new HIV infections among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) and their partners.

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