scholarly journals Preexisting Japanese Encephalitis Virus Neutralizing Antibodies and Increased Symptomatic Dengue Illness in a School-Based Cohort in Thailand

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. e1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn B. Anderson ◽  
Robert V. Gibbons ◽  
Stephen J. Thomas ◽  
Alan L. Rothman ◽  
Ananda Nisalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Prevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies to Japanese Encephalitis Virus among High-Risk Age Groups in South Korea, 2010

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0147841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Lee ◽  
Go-Woon Cha ◽  
Young Ran Ju ◽  
Myung Guk Han ◽  
Won-Ja Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Encephalitis Virus

scholarly journals Effects of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype V-Derived Sub-Viral Particles on the Immunogenicity of the Vaccine Characterized by a Novel Virus-Like Particle-Based Assay

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Sarah Honjo ◽  
Michiaki Masuda ◽  
Tomohiro Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Genotype V

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is classified into five genotypes labelled I through V. Although the genotype V (GV) JEV was originally found and had apparently been limited in Malaysia for more than 50 years, its emergence in Korea and China has recently been reported. Therefore, the GV JEV might be spreading over new geographical regions as a cause of potential public health problems. However, it is unknown whether the currently available JEV vaccines are effective against the emerging GV strains. To investigate this issue, a novel virus-like particle-based neutralizing assay was developed in this study. By using this assay, the inactivated JEV vaccine used in Japan and the recombinant sub-viral particles (SVPs) bearing the E protein of the GV Muar strain were characterized for the immunogenicity against the GV JEV. Although the inactivated vaccine alone failed to elicit a detectable level of neutralizing antibodies against the GV JEV, the vaccine added with the Muar-derived SVPs induced relatively high titers of neutralizing antibodies, associated with the efficient Th1 immune responses, against the GV JEV. The results indicate that addition of the GV JEV-derived antigens may be useful for developing the vaccine that is universally effective against JEV including the emerging GV strains.

scholarly journals Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies Derived from Chimpanzee Fabs Protect against Japanese Encephalitis Virus In Vitro and In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (14) ◽  
pp. 7009-7021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Goncalvez ◽  
Cheng-Hsin Chien ◽  
Kamolchanok Tubthong ◽  
Inna Gorshkova ◽  
Carrie Roll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Domain Iii ◽  
Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies

ABSTRACT Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)-specific Fab antibodies were recovered by repertoire cloning from chimpanzees initially immunized with inactivated JE-VAX and then boosted with attenuated JEV SA14-14-2. From a panel of 11 Fabs recovered by different panning strategies, three highly potent neutralizing antibodies, termed Fabs A3, B2, and E3, which recognized spatially separated regions on the virion, were identified. These antibodies reacted with epitopes in different domains: the major determinant for Fab A3 was Lys179 (domain I), that for Fab B2 was Ile126 (domain II), and that for Fab E3 was Gly302 (domain III) in the envelope protein, suggesting that these antibodies neutralize the virus by different mechanisms. Potent neutralizing antibodies reacted with a low number of binding sites available on the virion. These three Fabs and derived humanized monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) exhibited high neutralizing activities against a broad spectrum of JEV genotype strains. Demonstration of antibody-mediated protection of JEV infection in vivo is provided using the mouse encephalitis model. MAb B2 was most potent, with a 50% protective dose (ED50) of 0.84 μg, followed by MAb A3 (ED50 of 5.8 μg) and then MAb E3 (ED50 of 24.7 μg) for a 4-week-old mouse. Administration of 200 μg/mouse of MAb B2 1 day after otherwise lethal JEV infection protected 50% of mice and significantly prolonged the average survival time compared to that of mice in the unprotected group, suggesting a therapeutic potential for use of MAb B2 in humans.

scholarly journals A Novel Recombinant Virus-Like Particles Displaying B and T Cell Epitopes of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Offers Protective Immunity in Mice and Guinea Pigs

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 980
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naveed Anwar ◽  
Chunying Jiang ◽  
Di Di ◽  
Junjie Zhang ◽  
Shuang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Virus Like Particles

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are non-replicative vectors for the delivery of heterologous epitopes and are considered one of the most potent inducers of cellular and humoral immune responses in mice and guinea pigs. In the present study, VLP-JEVe was constructed by the insertion of six Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) envelope protein epitopes into different surface loop regions of PPV VP2 by the substitution of specific amino acid sequences without altering the assembly of the virus; subsequently, the protective efficacy of this VLP-JEVe was evaluated against JEV challenge in mice and guinea pigs. Mice immunized with the VLP-JEVe antigen developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies and 100% protection against lethal JEV challenge. The neutralizing and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody responses were also induced in guinea pigs vaccinated with VLP-JEVe. In addition, immunization with VLP-JEVe in mice induced effective neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity against PPV (porcine parvovirus) challenge in guinea pigs. These studies suggest that VLP-JEVe produced as described here could be a potential candidate for vaccine development.

scholarly journals Chimeric Yellow Fever Virus 17D-Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine: Dose-Response Effectiveness and Extended Safety Testing in Rhesus Monkeys

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1742-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Monath ◽  
I. Levenbook ◽  
K. Soike ◽  
Z.-X. Zhang ◽  
M. Ratterree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Envelope Gene ◽  
Wild Type

ABSTRACT ChimeriVax-JE is a live, attenuated recombinant virus prepared by replacing the genes encoding two structural proteins (prM and E) of yellow fever 17D virus with the corresponding genes of an attenuated strain of Japanese encephalitis virus (JE), SA14-14-2 (T. J. Chambers et al., J. Virol. 73:3095–3101, 1999). Since the prM and E proteins contain antigens conferring protective humoral and cellular immunity, the immune response to vaccination is directed principally at JE. The prM-E genome sequence of the ChimeriVax-JE in diploid fetal rhesus lung cells (FRhL, a substrate acceptable for human vaccines) was identical to that of JE SA14-14-2 vaccine and differed from sequences of virulent wild-type strains (SA14 and Nakayama) at six amino acid residues in the envelope gene (E107, E138, E176, E279, E315, and E439). ChimeriVax-JE was fully attenuated for weaned mice inoculated by the intracerebral (i.c.) route, whereas commercial yellow fever 17D vaccine (YF-Vax) caused lethal encephalitis with a 50% lethal dose of 1.67 log10 PFU. Groups of four rhesus monkeys were inoculated by the subcutaneous route with 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 log10PFU of ChimeriVax-JE. All 16 monkeys developed low viremias (mean peak viremia, 1.7 to 2.1 log10 PFU/ml; mean duration, 1.8 to 2.3 days). Neutralizing antibodies appeared between days 6 and 10; by day 30, neutralizing antibody responses were similar across dose groups. Neutralizing antibody titers to the homologous (vaccine) strain were higher than to the heterologous wild-type JE strains. All immunized monkeys and sham-immunized controls were challenged i.c. on day 54 with 5.2 log10 PFU of wild-type JE. None of the immunized monkeys developed viremia or illness and had mild residual brain lesions, whereas controls developed viremia, clinical encephalitis, and severe histopathologic lesions. Immunized monkeys developed significant (≥4-fold) increases in serum and cerebrospinal fluid neutralizing antibodies after i.c. challenge. In a standardized test for neurovirulence, ChimeriVax-JE and YF-Vax were compared in groups of 10 monkeys inoculated i.c. and analyzed histopathologically on day 30. Lesion scores in brains and spinal cord were significantly higher for monkeys inoculated with YF-Vax. ChimeriVax-JE meets preclinical safety and efficacy requirements for a human vaccine; it appears safer than yellow fever 17D vaccine but has a similar profile of immunogenicity and protective efficacy.

scholarly journals Stable High-Producer Cell Clone Expressing Virus-Like Particles of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus E Protein for a Second-Generation Subunit Vaccine

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (16) ◽  
pp. 8745-8755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asato Kojima ◽  
Atsushi Yasuda ◽  
Hideki Asanuma ◽  
Toyokazu Ishikawa ◽  
Akihisa Takamizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Virus Like Particles

ABSTRACT We produced and characterized a cell clone (J12#26 cells) that stably expresses Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) cDNA, J12, which encodes the viral signal peptide, premembrane (prM), and envelope (E) proteins (amino acid positions 105 to 794). Rabbit kidney-derived RK13 cells were transfected with a J12 expression plasmid, selected by resistance to marker antibiotics, and cloned by two cycles of a limiting-dilution method in the presence of antibiotics, a procedure that prevents the successful generation of E-producing cell clones. J12#26 cells secreted virus-like particles containing the authentic E antigen (E-VLP) into the culture medium in a huge enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-equivalent amount (2.5 μg per 104 cells) to the internationally licensed JE vaccine JE-VAX. E-VLP production was stable after multiple cell passages and persisted over 1 year with 100% expressing cells without detectable cell fusion, apoptosis, or cell death, but was suspended when the cells grew to 100% confluency and contact inhibition occurred. Mice immunized with the purified J12#26 E-antigen without adjuvant developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies for at least 7 months and 100% protection against intraperitoneal challenge with 5 × 106 PFU of JEV when examined according to the JE vaccine standardization protocol. These results suggest that the recombinant E-VLP antigen produced by the J12#26 cell clone is an effective, safe, and low-cost second-generation subunit JE vaccine.

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