scholarly journals Insights from a comprehensive study of Trypanosoma cruzi: A new mitochondrial clade restricted to North and Central America and genetic structure of TcI in the region

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0010043
Author(s):  
Raquel Asunción Lima-Cordón ◽  
Sara Helms Cahan ◽  
Cai McCann ◽  
Patricia L. Dorn ◽  
Silvia Andrade Justi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
South America ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Nuclear Data

More than 100 years since the first description of Chagas Disease and with over 29,000 new cases annually due to vector transmission (in 2010), American Trypanosomiasis remains a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). This study presents the most comprehensive Trypanosoma cruzi sampling in terms of geographic locations and triatomine species analyzed to date and includes both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This addresses the gap of information from North and Central America. We incorporate new and previously published DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1). These T. cruzi samples were collected over a broad geographic range including 111 parasite DNA samples extracted from triatomines newly collected across NA and CA, all of which were infected with T. cruzi in their natural environment. In addition, we present parasite reduced representation (Restriction site Associated DNA markers, RAD-tag) genomic nuclear data combined with the mitochondrial gene sequences for a subset of the triatomines (27 specimens) collected from Guatemala and El Salvador. Our mitochondrial phylogenetic reconstruction revealed two of the major mitochondrial lineages circulating across North and Central America, as well as the first ever mitochondrial data for TcBat from a triatomine collected in Central America. Our data also show that within mtTcIII, North and Central America represent an independent, distinct clade from South America, named here as mtTcIIINA-CA, geographically restricted to North and Central America. Lastly, the most frequent lineage detected across North and Central America, mtTcI, was also an independent, distinct clade from South America, noted as mtTcINA-CA. Furthermore, nuclear genome data based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) showed genetic structure of lineage TcI from specimens collected in Guatemala and El Salvador supporting the hypothesis that genetic diversity at a local scale has a geographical component. Our multiscale analysis contributes to the understanding of the independent and distinct evolution of T. cruzi lineages in North and Central America regions.

Maize rayado fino marafivirus. [Distribution map].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Maize rayado fino marafivirus Viruses: Marafivirus Hosts: Maize (Zea mays). Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Florida, Texas, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Parana, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Hellula phidilealis. [Distribution map].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
British Guiana ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hellula phidilealis Wlk. (Lep., Pyralidae). Hosts: Brassica spp., other crucifers. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Sierra Leone, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, British Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela.

Systematics and biogeography of the family Scorpionidae (Chelicerata : Scorpiones), with a discussion on phylogenetic methods

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Prendini ◽  
Timothy M. Crowe ◽  
Ward C. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
The Family

A cladistic analysis of relationships among the genera of Scorpionidae Latreille, 1802—Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828; Opistophthalmus C. L. Koch, 1837; Pandinus Thorell, 1876; and Scorpio Linnaeus, 1758—based on morphology and DNA sequence data from loci of three genes in the mitochondrial genome (12S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), 16S rDNA and cytochrome oxidase I) and one gene in the nuclear genome (28S rDNA) is presented. The analysis makes use of exemplar species, specifically selected to test the monophyly of the genera, rather than supraspecific terminal taxa. Other methods used in the analysis are justified in the context of a discussion of current methods for phylogenetic reconstruction. Relationships among the scorpionid genera are demonstrated to be as follows: (Opistophthalmus (Scorpio (Heterometrus + Pandinus))). This reconstruction identifies Opistophthalmus as the basal lineage of the Scorpionidae, rather than the sister-group of Scorpio. Revised descriptions, diagnoses and a key to identification of the four scorpionid genera are provided, together with a summary of what is known about their ecology, distribution and conservation status.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of Trypanosoma cruzi in American continents: special emphasis on sexual reproduction in Central America

Parasitology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. HIGO ◽  
T. YANAGI ◽  
V. MATTA ◽  
T. AGATSUMA ◽  
A. CRUZ-REYES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Central America ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Genetic Exchange ◽  
South American ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Clinical Syndromes

Isozyme analysis (12 enzymes: 14 loci) was conducted on 99 isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi: 77 from Guatemala, 5 from Mexico and 17 from South American countries. Analyses of 4 population-genetic indices were undertaken to assess the possibility of genetic exchange occurring among Guatemalan isolates. The results provide evidence for a degree of genetic exchange occurring among isolates from this relatively small geographical area. Previous studies of population genetics on T. cruzi might have failed to detect this phenomenon because they tended to use isolates originating far from one another, rendering gene exchange unlikely for geographical reasons. Phylogenetic data, presented here, show considerable differences in genetic structure between Central and South American isolates, suggesting that different biological and clinical properties might be expected. For example, there are differences in clinical syndromes between Central and South America, a situation discussed further here.

scholarly journals Eastern Bloodsucking Conenose, Triatoma sanguisuga (LeConte) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Capinera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Central America ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Blood Meals

The eastern bloodsucking conenose belongs to the subfamily Triatominae, known as the kissing bugs. Despite their affectionate vernacular name, they are particularly threatening “assassin bugs” who require blood meals to survive and reproduce. They are a known vector of American trypanosomiasis (or Chagas Disease) in South America, a debilitating illness caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. This disease is a problem in South and Central America and has been detected in the United States, but has not been found in Florida. This 4-page fact sheet was written by John L. Capinera, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, November 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1018

Diabole cubensis. [Distribution map].

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Mimosa Pigra ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Diabole cubensis (Arthur & J. R. Johnston) Arthur. Host: Mimosa pigra. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Cuba, El Salvador, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil (Babia, Espirito Santo).

Genetic structure of Trypanosoma cruzi in central America and its comparison with South American strains

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Higo ◽  
T. Yanagi ◽  
V. Matta ◽  
T. Agatsuma ◽  
H. Kanbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Central America ◽  
South American

scholarly journals Who Is Dermanyssus gallinae? Genetic Structure of Populations and Critical Synthesis of the Current Knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Roy ◽  
Annunziata Giangaspero ◽  
Nathalie Sleeckx ◽  
Øivind Øines
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Red Mite ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Poultry Farms

Despite the economic and animal welfare importance of the Poultry Red Mite Dermanyssus gallinae, its genetic structure has been studied in a scattered way so far. The prophylaxis and control of such a globally distributed ectoparasite can be significantly improved by understanding its genetic population structure (composition in species and intraspecific variants). The present study aims to establish a rigorous framework for characterizing the neutral genetic structure of D. gallinae based on a literature review combined with an integrative analysis of the data available in GenBank on population-level nucleotide sequence diversity supplemented by a new dataset. The integrative analysis was conducted on sequence data extracted from GenBank coupled with new sequences of two fragments of the mitochondrial gene encoding Cytochrome Oxidase I (CO1) as well as of an intron of the nuclear gene encoding Tropomyosin (Tpm) from several PRM populations sampled from European poultry farms. Emphasis was placed on using the mitochondrial gene encoding CO1 on which the main universal region of DNA barcoding in animals is located. The species D. gallinae sensu lato is a species complex, encompassing at least two cryptic species, i.e., not distinguishable by morphological characters: D. gallinae sensu stricto and D. gallinae L1. Only D. gallinae s.s. has been recorded among the populations sampled in poultry farms worldwide. Current knowledge suggests they are structured in three mitochondrial groups (haplogroups A, B, and C). Haplogroup A is cosmopolitan, and the other two present slightly contrasted distributions (B rather in the northern part of Europe, C most frequently found in the southern part). Recent data indicate that a dynamic geographic expansion of haplogroup C is underway in Europe. Our results also show that NUMT (nuclear mitochondrial DNA) pseudogenes have generated artifactual groups (haplogroups E and F). It is important to exclude these artifact groups from future analyses to avoid confusion. We provide an operational framework that will promote consistency in the analysis of subsequent results using the CO1 fragment and recommendations for future analyses.

scholarly journals Digitaria bicornis (Asian crabgrass).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract D. bicornis is an annual, sometimes perennial grass. It is listed as invasive in North America (Mexico), Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama), the Caribbean (Cuba), South America (Colombia, Ecuador) and Oceania (Nauru, USA-Hawaii) (Catasús Guerra, 2015; PIER, 2016). It is considered as a weed in cultivated fields (Quattrocchi, 2006; Dias et al., 2007; Duarte et al., 2009; Catasús Guerra, 2015; Ramírez S et al., 2015).

scholarly journals Archaeogenomic Distinctiveness of the Isthmo-Colombian Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Rosario Capodiferro ◽  
Bethany Aram ◽  
Alessandro Raveane ◽  
Nicola Rambaldi Migliore ◽  
Giulia Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
History Of

SUMMARYThe recently enriched genomic history of Indigenous groups in the Americas is still meagre concerning continental Central America. Here, we report ten pre-Hispanic (plus two early colonial) genomes and 84 genome-wide profiles from seven groups presently living in Panama. Our analyses reveal that pre-Hispanic demographic changes and isolation events contributed to create the extensive genetic structure currently seen in the area, which is also characterized by a distinctive Isthmo-Colombian Indigenous component. This component drives these populations on a specific variability axis and derives from the local admixture of different ancestries of northern North American origin(s). Two of these ancestries were differentially associated to Pleistocene Indigenous groups that also moved into South America leaving heterogenous footprints. An additional Pleistocene ancestry was brought by UPopI, a still unsampled population that remained restricted to the Isthmian area, expanded locally during the early Holocene, and left genomic traces up to the present.

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