scholarly journals Development of Low-Cost Inverted Microscope to Detect Early Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in MODS Culture

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. e9577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Zimic ◽  
Abner Velazco ◽  
Germán Comina ◽  
Jorge Coronel ◽  
Patricia Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Inverted Microscope

scholarly journals Low-cost 3D-printed inverted microscope to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a MODS culture

Tuberculosis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102158
Author(s):  
Mario Salguedo ◽  
Guillermo Zarate ◽  
Jorge Coronel ◽  
Germán Comina ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inverted Microscope ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Low-cost 3D-printed inverted microscope to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a MODS culture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Salguedo ◽  
Guillermo Zarate ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
Germán Comina ◽  
Jorge Coronel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Manual Inspection ◽  
Inverted Microscope ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Proper Interpretation

AbstractBackgroundThe MODS is an important assay for early diagnosis of tuberculosis and drug susceptibility. MODS is based in the microscopic observation, underneath, of the characteristic cords of Mycobacterium tuberculosis colonies grown in liquid media. An inverted optical microscope is required to observe and interpret MODS cultures. Unfortunately, the cost of commercial inverted microscopes is not affordable in low resource settings in developing countries.MethodologyTo perform a diagnosis of tuberculosis using the MODS assay, images with modest quality are enough for proper interpretation. Therefore, the use of a high cost commercial inverted optical microscope is not indispensable. In this study, we designed a prototype of an optical inverted microscope created with a 3D printer and based on a smartphone. The system was evaluated by comparison of manual interpretations of 226 TB positive MODS culture images and 207 negative MODS culture images.SignificanceThe prototype resulted in a low-cost inverted optical microscope, with simple functioning, and whose parts have been manufactured using 3D printing techniques. The quality of the images was good enough and achieved a 100% concordance between the manual inspection with the developed microscope, and the standard diagnostics of MODS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Bacteriophage-Based Assay (Phage Amplified Biologically Assay) as a Rapid Screen for Resistance to Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Streptomycin, Pyrazinamide, and Ciprofloxacin among Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 3528-3532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Eltringham ◽  
S. M. Wilson ◽  
F. A. Drobniewski
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resistance Ratio ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Detection Of Mutations

Rapid molecular assays for the detection of mutations associated with rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are commercially available. However, they are complex and expensive and have predictive values of 90 to 95%. Molecular assays for other drugs are less predictive of resistance. Ideally, assays based on phenotypic markers should be used for susceptibility testing, but these can take weeks to complete. We previously described a rapid phenotypic assay, the phage amplified biologically (PhaB) assay, for the rapid determination of rifampin and isoniazid susceptibility in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. In this study, we extended the assay to the study of ethambutol, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, and ciprofloxacin. After the optimization of antibiotic concentrations and incubation conditions, the assay was applied to each drug for a total of 157 isolates. The correlations between the results of the PhaB assay and the resistance ratio method were 94% for isoniazid, 96% for streptomycin, 100% for ciprofloxacin, 88% for ethambutol, and 87% for pyrazinamide. For ciprofloxacin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, significantly better correlations were found when a 90% reduction in plaque count was used as the cutoff. Turnaround times for the PhaB assay were 2 to 3 days, compared with 10 days for the resistance ratio method. We believe that this low-cost assay may have widespread applicability for the rapid screening of drug resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates, especially in developing countries.

Detection of embB codon 306 mutations in ethambutol resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from sputum samples: a low-cost, rapid approach

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rinder ◽  
K.T. Mieskes ◽  
E. Tortoli ◽  
E. Richter ◽  
M. Casal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Cost

scholarly journals Rapid, Low-Technology MIC Determination with Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates by Using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott G. Franzblau ◽  
Richard S. Witzig ◽  
James C. McLaughlin ◽  
Patricia Torres ◽  
Guillermo Madico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Alamar Blue Assay ◽  
Alamar Blue ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Stable Reagent ◽  
Initial Results

A colorimetric, microplate-based Alamar Blue assay (MABA) method was used to determine the MICs of isoniazid (INH), rifampin, streptomycin (SM), and ethambutol (EMB) for 34 PeruvianMycobacterium tuberculosis isolates (including both pansensitive and multidrug-resistant strains) and the H37Rv strain by using bacterial suspensions prepared directly from solid media. Results for all isolates were available within 8 days. Discordant results were observed on initial tests for 3 of 16 INH-susceptible isolates, 5 of 31 EMB-susceptible isolates, and 2 of 4 SM-resistant isolates (by the BACTEC 460 system). The overall agreements between the MICs obtained by MABA and the results obtained with the BACTEC 460 system were 87.9% for initial results and 93.6% after retesting 12 of 17 samples with discrepant results. Interpretation of MABA endpoints improved with technical experience. The MABA is a simple, rapid, low-cost, appropriate technology which does not require expensive instrumentation and which makes use of a nontoxic, temperature-stable reagent.

scholarly journals In Silico Analysis of Some Phytochemicals as Potent Anti-tubercular Agents Targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA Polymerase and InhA Protein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Emran ◽  
Md. Mofijur Rahman ◽  
Afroza Khanam Anika ◽  
Sultana Hossain Nasrin ◽  
Abu Tayab Moin
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
In Silico Biology ◽  
Silico Analysis

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that has infected and killed a lot of people in the past. At present treatments against TB are available at a very low cost. Since these chemical drugs have many adverse effects on health, more attention is now given on the plant-derived phytochemicals as potential agents to fight against TB. In this study, 5 phytochemicals, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, benzoic acid, bergapten, psoralen, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, are selected to test their potentiality, safety, and efficacy against two potential targets, the MTB RNA polymerase and enoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase, the InhA protein, using various tools of in silico biology. The molecular docking experiment, drug-likeness property test, ADME/T-test, P450 SOM prediction, pharmacophore mapping, and modeling, solubility testing, DFT calculations, and PASS prediction study had confirmed that all the molecules had the good potentiality to inhibit the two targets. However, two agents, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and bergapten were considered as the best agents among the five selected agents and they also showed far better results than the two currently used drugs, that function in these pathways, rifampicin (MTB RNA polymerase) and isoniazid (InhA protein). These two agents can be used effectively to treat tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a rapid bacteriophage-based method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Mohamed Marei ◽  
Eman Mohamed El-Behedy ◽  
Heba Ali Mohtady ◽  
Afify Fahmy Afify
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Microbiological Culture ◽  
Time To Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Rapid, sensitive and low-cost methods are needed urgently for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples, especially in developing countries. To this end, the clinical performance of FASTPlaqueTBTM (a bacteriophage-based method) has been studied in parallel with microscopy, standard microbiological culture and in-house IS6110-based PCR methods. A total of 64 samples, including 42 sputum samples and 22 urine samples, were tested in this study. The sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy values for the FASTPlaqueTB assay relative to that of culture were respectively 76.5, 95 and 90 %. The corresponding values for the in-house IS6110-based PCR assay were 88, 91 and 90 % and, for Ziehl–Neelsen staining, were 59, 95 and 85 %. FASTPlaqueTB gave better clinical performance with urine samples than with sputum samples (sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy were 100 % with urine samples and 64, 93 and 84 % with sputum samples). The 100 % sensitivity of FASTPlaqueTB was higher than that of the corresponding values for PCR (67 %) with urine samples. In conclusion, FASTPlaqueTB proved to be sensitive, cheap relative to the PCR and rapid. It is able to detect M. tuberculosis in clinical samples within 1 day, reducing the time to diagnosis in comparison with culture.

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