scholarly journals Changes in Antimicrobial Use Prevalence in China: Results from Five Point Prevalence Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Nan Ren ◽  
Ximao Wen ◽  
Pengcheng Zhou ◽  
Xun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Prevalence Studies

scholarly journals Antimicrobial point prevalence surveys in two Ghanaian hospitals: opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kwame Afriyie ◽  
Israel A Sefah ◽  
Jacqueline Sneddon ◽  
William Malcolm ◽  
Rachel McKinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Surgical Prophylaxis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Guideline Compliance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Background Improved knowledge regarding antimicrobial use in Ghana is needed to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This includes point prevalence studies (PPSs) in hospitals. Objectives were to: (i) provide baseline data in two hospitals [Keta Municipal Hospital (KMH) and Ghana Police Hospital (GPH)] and identify priorities for improvement; (ii) assess the feasibility of conducting PPSs; and (iii) compare results with other studies. Methods Standard PPS design using the Global PPS paper forms, subsequently transferred to their template. Training undertaken by the Scottish team. Quality indicators included: rationale for use; stop/review dates; and guideline compliance. Results Prevalence of antibiotic use was 65.0% in GPH and 82.0% in KMH. Penicillins and other β-lactam antibiotics were the most frequently prescribed in both hospitals, with third-generation cephalosporins mainly used in GPH. Antibiotic treatment was mainly empirical and commonly administered intravenously, duration was generally short with timely oral switching and infections were mainly community acquired. Encouragingly, there was good documentation of the indications for antibiotic use in both hospitals and 50.0%–66.7% guideline compliance (although for many indications no guideline existed). In addition, almost all prescribed antibiotics had stop dates and there were no missed doses. The duration of use for surgical prophylaxis was generally more than 1 day (69.0% in GPH and 77.0% in KMH). Conclusions These two hospitals were the first in Ghana to use the Global PPS system. We found the PPS was feasible, relatively rapid and achieved with limited training. Targets for improvement identified included reduction of broad-spectrum antibiotics and duration of treatment.

scholarly journals An 8-year point-prevalence surveillance of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in a tertiary care teaching hospital in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Le Wu ◽  
Xi-Yao Yang ◽  
Meng-Shu Pan ◽  
Ruo-Jie Li ◽  
Xiao-Qian Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Healthcare Associated

AbstractHealthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major worldwide public-health problem, but less data are available on the long-term trends of HAIs and antimicrobial use in Eastern China. This study describes the prevalence and long-term trends of HAIs and antimicrobial use in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Hefei, Anhui, China from 2010 to 2017 based on annual point-prevalence surveys. A total of 12 505 inpatients were included; 600 HAIs were recorded in 533 patients, with an overall prevalence of 4.26% and a frequency of 4.80%. No evidence was found for an increasing or decreasing trend in prevalence of HAI over 8 years (trend χ2 = 2.15, P = 0.143). However, significant differences in prevalence of HAI were evident between the surveys (χ2 = 21.14, P < 0.001). The intensive care unit had the highest frequency of HAIs (24.36%) and respiratory tract infections accounted for 62.50% of all cases; Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (16.67%). A 44.13% prevalence of antimicrobial use with a gradually decreasing trend over time was recorded. More attention should be paid to potential high-risk clinical departments and HAI types with further enhancement of rational antimicrobial use.

scholarly journals Repeated nationwide point-prevalence surveys of antimicrobial use in Swedish hospitals: data for actions 2003–2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla Skoog ◽  
Johan Struwe ◽  
Otto Cars ◽  
Håkan Hanberger ◽  
Inga Odenholt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Surgical Prophylaxis ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infection ◽  
Local Implementation ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Local Feedback ◽  
Uncomplicated Cystitis ◽  
Hospital Acquired

This study sought to analyse antimicrobial pressure, indications for treatment, and compliance with treatment recommendations and to identify possible problem areas where inappropriate use could be improved through interventions by the network of the local Swedish Strategic Programme Against Antibiotic Resistance (Strama) groups. Five point-prevalence surveys were performed in between 49 and 72 participating hospitals from 2003 to 2010. Treatments were recorded for 19 predefined diagnosis groups and whether they were for community-acquired infection, hospital-acquired infection, or prophylaxis. Approximately one-third of inpatients were treated with antimicrobials. Compliance with guidelines for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with narrow-spectrum penicillin was 17.0% during baseline 2003–2004, and significantly improved to 24.2% in 2010. Corresponding figures for quinolone use in uncomplicated cystitis in women were 28.5% in 2003–2004, and significantly improved, decreasing to 15.3% in 2010. The length of surgical prophylaxis improved significantly when data for a single dose and 1 day were combined, from 56.3% in 2003–2004 to 66.6% in 2010. Improved compliance was possibly the effect of active local feedback, repeated surveys, and increasing awareness of antimicrobial resistance. Strama groups are important for successful local implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs in Sweden.

scholarly journals 19. A Global Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use in Neonatal Intensive Care Units

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S10-S10
Author(s):  
Pavel Prusakov ◽  
Debra A Goff ◽  
Phillip Wozniak ◽  
Pablo J Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Antimicrobials are one of the most commonly used medications in the NICU. We aimed to gather baseline global data on antimicrobial use to facilitate subsequent antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Methods We conducted a one-day global NICU point prevalence study on July 1, 2019 with a 30-day follow up. Data collection included patient demographics, antimicrobial therapy, site location, antimicrobial stewardship (AS) practices as well as the duration of antimicrobial therapy and in-hospital mortality were recorded. Results Eighty-one NICUs from twenty-eight different countries identified 2,163 admitted patients of which 570 (26%) were prescribed at least one antimicrobial. Three NICUs did not have any patients on antimicrobial therapy, all had less than 20 patients admitted. Level 3 and Level 4 NICUs comprised 51% and 48% respectively. Delivery units comprised 74%, the rest were referral centers. AS programs were in place in 62% of the hospitals and 47% of the units had NICU specific initiatives. Patients were on average 32.5 weeks gestational age (+/-5.3 SD), with birth weight of 1976 grams (+/- 1022 SD), and were 32 days (+/-65 SD) postnatal age at the time of the study. Antibiotics were the most frequently used medication in 92% of patients with 931 antibiotics prescribed on the assessment day. Hospitals with any NICU AS initiative had significantly lower rates of antibiotic utilization compared to NICUs without AS (21% and 32%; p-value: &lt; 0.01). Of those on antibiotic therapy, ampicillin, gentamicin and amikacin were prescribed to 41%, 34%, and 21% of patients respectively. When only definitive treatment was evaluated, vancomycin, amikacin, and meropenem were the highest prescribed antibacterial agents at 25%, 19%, and 19% respectively. At the initial assessment, study participants indicated either 3 or 7 days (37% and 26%) for planned duration. Actual treatment duration for empiric and definitive treatment, was 7 and 14 days (29% and 19%) When comparing patients who had an established treatment course at the time of the initial assessment, the final length of treatment for culture negative sepsis was 7 (IQR:5–10) and culture positive sepsis was 11 days (IQR:10–14; p-value: 0.07). Conclusion Benchmarking global antimicrobial use is crucial for improving NICU-AS practices. Disclosures Pavel Prusakov, PharmD, Merck (Research Grant or Support) Debra A. Goff, PharmD, Merck (Research Grant or Support)

scholarly journals Point Prevalence Survey of Nosocomial Infections in University Hospital in Martin

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
E Malobicka ◽  
D Roskova ◽  
V Svihrova ◽  
H. Hudeckova
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Point Prevalence Survey ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
International Projects ◽  
The University

Abstract Nosocomial infections are a serious problem not only in Slovakia but in all countries. The European Commission decided on their standardized surveillance in the whole European Union. According methodology elaborated by experts from the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in Stockholm we performed a point prevalence survey in the University Hospital Martin. Our observed prevalence of nosocomial infections in University Hospital Martin within the point prevalence study was 5.2%. The highest point prevalence of nosocomial infections was found at the Surgical Department (9.3%). The most common type of nosocomial infections was urological infections (27.3%), sepsis (22.7%) and surgical site infection (22.7%). The most common microorganisms isolated from the biological material were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis. Appropriate method of nosocomial infections surveillance is monitoring their prevalence in the point prevalence studies. International projects of nosocomial infections in the EU allow to compare the obtained results with other hospitals in the Member States.

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