Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Even though omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seem to be effective in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dyslipidemia, their impact is still debated. For this reason, our aim was to perform a meta-analysis of the clinical evidence available to date. A systematic literature search was conducted in order to identify published clinical trials assessing the effect of PUFAs treatment on serum lipoproteins, and its safety profile. The effect sizes for lipid changes were expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). For safety analysis, odd ratios and the 95% CI were calculated with the Mantel–Haenszel method. Data were pooled from nine clinical studies comprising overall 578 HIV-affected subjects. Meta-analysis of the data suggested that omega-3 PUFAs significantly reduced triglycerides (TG) (MD = −1.04, 95% CI: −1.5, −0.58 mmol/L, p < 0.001), while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.61 mmol/L, p = 0.004), without affecting serum levels of total cholesterol, very-low- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and A1. Change in TG was significantly associated with eicosapentaenoic acid administered via daily dose. PUFA treatment did not lead to an increased risk of adverse events. In conclusion, PUFAs are safe and exert a significant plasma lipid improving effect in HIV-positive patients.

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Interaction between Statins and Omega 3 Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Disease: Synergistic or Not?

Journal of Integrative Cardiology Open Access ◽

10.31487/j.jicoa.2020.04.04 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Jean-Yves LE GUENNEC ◽

Forel Céline ◽

Messager Laureen ◽

Sierra Camille ◽

Contreras Ivette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Main Hypothesis ◽

Cardioprotective Effects

Up to the middle of the 2000’s, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were considered has having cardioprotective properties. Patients having a myocardial infarction were supplemented with these fatty acids in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. Since then, many randomized clinical trials failed to observe the cardioprotective effects previously described. The main hypothesis to explain such change is the systematic prescription of statins to patients following a myocardial infarction, statins interfering with the homeostasis of omega 3 fatty acids. This review discusses the effects of different forms of omega-3 in association with statins on cardiovascular disease and emphasize on the interaction between statins and omega 3 fatty acids leading to the possible need to use higher dose of fatty acids to get a synergistic effect.

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META-ANALYSIS OF 17 CLINICAL TRIALS USING OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Canadian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

pp. S4-S5

Author(s):

P Liakou ◽

P Mason ◽

R Maughan ◽

C Pericleous ◽

J Mason

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3

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Effectiveness of n-3 fatty acids in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV/AIDS patients: a meta-analysis

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232017228.21752015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 2659-2669 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aline Doria Sobral Vieira ◽

Glória Regina Mesquita da Silveira

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Hypertriglyceridemia is common in antiretroviral therapy-treated patients and Omega 3 fatty acids are being used as a intervention in reducing serum triglycerides (TG) in these patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Omega 3 in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy. This study is a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Electronic databases – PubMed, Cochrane and Lilacs were researched. Fifty one articles were encountered. Nine were added to the meta-analysis. The reduction of triglycerides level was -77.55 mg (IC of -121.85 to -33.25) in Omega 3 groups. The analysis considering trials with more than 1000 mg of EPA/DHA included seven studies and the heterogeneity dropped to 0%.The reduction of combined averages was -101.56mg (IC of -145.76 to -57.37). The analysis considering trials with patients that had more than 200 mg/dL of initial triglycerides included also seven trials and the heterogeneity dropped to 0%. The reduction of combined averages was -114.15 mg (IC of -162.34 to -65.97). EPA/DHA supplementation reduces serum triglycerides levels in patients with HIV/AIDS-associated hypertriglyceridemia in stable use of antiretroviral therapy.

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Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Pharmacological Research ◽

10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104462 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 149 ◽

pp. 104462 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Javad Heshmati ◽

Mojgan Morvaridzadeh ◽

Saman Maroufizadeh ◽

Abolfazl Akbari ◽

Mahsa Yavari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Stress Parameters

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The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Acute Pancreatitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu7042261 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 2261-2273 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Qiu Lei ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Xian Xia ◽

Hua Zheng ◽

Jing Bi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Role of omega 3-fatty acids and multivitamins in gestation

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm.2007.032 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (s1) ◽

pp. S19-S24 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Irene Hösli ◽

Rosanna Zanetti-Daellenbach ◽

Wolfgang Holzgreve ◽

Olav Lapaire

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Daily Diet ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽

Maternal Risks ◽

Global Health Problem

AbstractThere is a rising interest in a balanced and varied women's diet not only preconceptionally but also during pregnancy and in the breastfeeding period in order to reduce fetal, neonatal, and maternal risks. A decreased intake of omega 3-fatty acids (FA) or deficiencies of micronutrients are a global health problem, not only in developing countries, where micronutrient-rich food and fortified aliments are often not available, and also in the industrialized world. In contrast to data about the daily periconceptionally intake of folate acid that has been shown to reduce substantially the occurrence and recurrence of neural tube defects (NTD), the benefit of other micronutrients is less determinant.Deficiencies of omega 3-FA may be a contributing factor for severe complications in pregnancy and postpartum. A meta-analysis for the role of omega 3-FA in preeclampsia and maternal postpartum depression is less consistent, some meta-view's results differ substantially or are even contradictory to large observational studies. Further well-designed studies are warranted. A personal interview and counseling concerning the daily diet should be integrated in the preconceptional and in the antenatal care and an individual supplementation should be offered, if indicated.

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