Regulatory Cytokine Expression and Preterm Birth: Case-Control Study Nested in a Cohort

Introduction and Aims: Choline-metabolizing genetic variation may interact with choline intake on fetal programming and pregnancy outcome. This case-control study aims to explore the association of maternal choline consumption and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) gene polymorphism rs7946 with preterm birth risk. Methods: 145 Han Chinese women with preterm delivery and 157 Han Chinese women with term delivery were recruited in Shanghai. Dietary choline intake during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, DNA samples were genotyped for PEMT rs7946 (G5465A) with plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels measured. Results: Compared with the lowest quartile of choline intake, women within the highest consumption quartile had adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm birth of 0.48 (95% confidence interval, CI [0.24, 0.95]). There was a significant interaction between maternal choline intake and PEMT rs7946 (p for interaction = 0.04), where the AA genotype carriers who consumed the energy-adjusted choline <255.01 mg/day had aOR for preterm birth of 3.75 (95% CI [1.24, 11.35]), compared to those with GG genotype and choline intake >255.01 mg/day during pregnancy. Additionally, the greatest elevated plasma Hcy was found in the cases with AA genotype and choline consumption <255.01 mg/day (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The AA genotype of PEMT rs7946 may be associated with increased preterm birth in these Han Chinese women with low choline intake during pregnancy.

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Maternal Dietary Nutrient Intake and Its Association with Preterm Birth: A Case‐control Study in Beijing, China

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu9030221 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 221 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yan Zhang ◽

Hong Zhou ◽

Anthony Perkins ◽

Yan Wang ◽

Jing Sun

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Nutrient ◽

Beijing China ◽

Control Study

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Employment in Nursing and Preterm Birth: Are They Linked?

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.98.6.1197 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. 1197-1198

Author(s):

JUDITH LUMLEY

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Nurses ◽

Fetal Health ◽

Mailed Survey ◽

Control Study ◽

Specialist Group

The possibility that employment itself, with all its rewards, both intrinsic and monetary, could be harmful to maternal and fetal health is always a matter for concern. When that suggestion is made about an archetypical female form of employment (nursing), and a specialist group devoted to the health care of women and infants, it is deeply alarming. So the recent publication which states, "our results show that strenuous working conditions are an important risk factor for preterm birth among US nurses," has been widely reported and discussed. The study was a case-control study with cases and controls drawn from respondents to a cross-sectional mailed survey of members of the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses.

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Determinants of preterm birth in public hospitals in central Ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.50974.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 773

Author(s):

Berhanu Senbeta Deriba ◽

Agumas Fentahun Ayalew ◽

Addis Adera Gebru

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

Control Study

Background: Around 15 million babies are born prematurely in the world every year. The most common cause of neonatal death in Ethiopia is premature birth. To reduce the rate of preterm delivery by correcting modifiable or preventable causes, the availability of local data is important. Hence, this study aimed to identify the determinants of preterm birth among women who gave birth in public hospitals in central Ethiopia. Methods: An Institutional-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at public hospitals in central Ethiopia to select 170 cases and 340 controls. The collected data were entered into EPI INFO and transferred to SPSS for analysis. Tables, graphs, and proportions were used to present the results. Binary and multiple logistic regressions analysis were computed to identify determinants of preterm birth. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR), 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and a p-value < 0.05 were computed to determine the presence of an association between preterm birth and independent variables. Results: A total of 166 cases and 332 controls participated in the study, giving a response rate of 97.6%. Cigarette smoking (AOR=3.77, 95% CI=1.35,10.56), alcohol consumption (AOR=1.85, 95% CI=1.11,3.10), wanted but unplanned pregnancy (AOR=3,95% CI=1.68,5.34), neither wanted nor planned pregnancy(AOR=3.61% CI=1.62,8.06), lack of antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR=4.13, 95% CI=1.95, 8.74), adverse birth outcomes (AOR=5.66, 95% CI=2.88,11.12), presence of a diagnosed illness (AOR=2.81, 95% CI=1.37, 5.76), presence of one or more of obstetrics complications(AOR=6.44, 95% CI=5.49, 3.35, 9), and hemoglobin level < 11g/dl (AOR=2.78, 95% CI=1.48, 5.22) were determinants of preterm birth. Conclusion:-In this study, cigarette smoking status, alcohol drinking status, pregnancy status, adverse birth outcomes, ANC visits, obstetric complications, presence of medical illness, and anemia were identified as determinants of preterm birth. It is important to encourage such women to attend ANC visits, stop smoking, and abstain from alcohol.

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Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy in Brazilian Children: A Case-Control Study

10.1101/2020.12.01.20242248 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marcus Valerius da Silva Peixoto ◽

Andrezza Marques Duque ◽

Allan Dantas dos Santos ◽

Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida Lima ◽

Caíque Jordan Nunes Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Perinatal Factors ◽

Apgar Scores ◽

Control Study ◽

Brazilian Children

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebral palsy is the main cause of physical disability in childhood.ObjectivesThis study analyzed prenatal and perinatal risk factors that contribute to cerebral palsy in Brazilian children.MethodsA case-control study was conducted with 2- to 10-year-old children in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil. The cases were population-based, selected from the Primary Health Care services. The controls were selected from the database of the Brazilian Live Births Information System. Controls were paired with cases by gender, year, and hospital of birth.ResultsA total of 570 participants (114 cases and 456 controls) were studied. Most of the participants were male, with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Among the prenatal factors examined, the presence of congenital anomalies was significantly different between cases and controls (OR = 54.28, [95% CI 12.55, 234.86]). The analysis of perinatal factors revealed significant differences between cases and controls in low birth weight (OR = 3.8, [95% CI 2.34, 6.16]), preterm birth (OR = 2.31, [95% CI 1.41, 3.80]), and low Apgar scores (OR = 14.73, [95% CI 5.27, 41.15]).ConclusionsThe main prenatal and perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy in our population were congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, and preterm birth. The perinatal period had more risk factors, demanding a deeper study of their causes and of possible preventive measures.

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