scholarly journals Conidiobolus coronatus induces oxidative stress and autophagy response in Galleria mellonella larvae

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0228407
Author(s):  
Michalina Kazek ◽  
Agata Kaczmarek ◽  
Anna Katarzyna Wrońska ◽  
Mieczysława Irena Boguś
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Conidiobolus Coronatus

Coronatin-2 from the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus kills Galleria mellonella larvae and incapacitates hemocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Boguś ◽  
W. Wieloch ◽  
M. Ligęza-Żuber
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Sequence Coverage ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Conidiobolus Coronatus ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

AbstractCoronatin-2, a 14.5 kDa protein, was isolated from culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko (Entomophthoramycota: Entomophthorales). After LC–MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) analysis of the tryptic peptide digest of coronatin-2 and a mass spectra database search no orthologs of this protein could be found in fungi. The highest homology was observed to the partial translation elongation factor 1a from Sphaerosporium equinum (protein sequence coverage, 21%), with only one peptide sequence, suggesting that coronatin-2 is a novel fungal protein that has not yet been described. In contrast to coronatin-1, an insecticidal 36 kDa protein, which shows both elastolytic and chitinolytic activity, coronatin-2 showed no enzymatic activity. Addition of coronatin-2 into cultures of hemocytes taken from larvae of Galleria mellonella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), resulted in progressive disintegration of nets formed by granulocytes and plasmatocytes due to rapid degranulation of granulocytes, extensive vacuolization of plasmatocytes accompanied by cytoplasm expulsion, and cell disintegration. Spherulocytes remained intact, while oenocytes rapidly disintegrated. Coronatin-2 produced 80% mortality when injected into G. mellonella at 5 µg larva−1. Further study is warranted to determine the relevance of the acute toxicity of coronatin-2 and its effects on hemocytes in vitro to virulence of C. coronatus against its hosts.

scholarly journals Role of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases A and B of Enterococcus faecalis in Oxidative Stress and Virulence

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 3889-3897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Axel Hartke ◽  
Marilena La Sorda ◽  
Brunella Posteraro ◽  
Jean-Marie Laplace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Repair Enzymes ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases ◽  
Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

ABSTRACT Methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B are antioxidant repair enzymes that reduce the S- and R-diastereomers of methionine sulfoxides back to methionine, respectively. Enterococcus faecalis, an important nosocomial pathogen, has one msrA gene and one msrB gene situated in different parts of the chromosome. Promoters have been mapped and mutants have been constructed in two E. faecalis strains (strains JH2-2 and V583) and characterized. For both backgrounds, the mutants are more sensitive than the wild-type parents to exposure to H2O2, and in combination the mutations seem to be additive. The virulence of the mutants has been analyzed in four different models. Survival of the mutants inside mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with recombinant gamma interferon plus lipopolysaccharide but not in naïve phagocytes is significantly affected. The msrA mutant is attenuated in the Galleria mellonella insect model. Deficiency in either Msr enzyme reduced the level of virulence in a systemic and urinary tract infection model. Virulence was reconstituted in the complemented strains. The combined results show that Msr repair enzymes are important for the oxidative stress response, macrophage survival, and persistent infection with E. faecalis.

scholarly journals Dodecanol, metabolite of entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus, affects fatty acid composition and cellular immunity of Galleria mellonella and Calliphora vicina

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalina Kazek ◽  
Agata Kaczmarek ◽  
Anna Katarzyna Wrońska ◽  
Mieczysława Irena Boguś
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Calliphora Vicina ◽  
Conidiobolus Coronatus ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Insect Defense ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Almost All

AbstractOne group of promising pest control agents are the entomopathogenic fungi; one such example is Conidiobolus coronatus, which produces a range of metabolites. Our present findings reveal for the first time that C. coronatus also produces dodecanol, a compound widely used to make surfactants and pharmaceuticals, and enhance flavors in food. The main aim of the study was to determine the influence of dodecanol on insect defense systems, i.e. cuticular lipid composition and the condition of insect immunocompetent cells; hence, its effect was examined in detail on two species differing in susceptibility to fungal infection: Galleria mellonella and Calliphora vicina. Dodecanol treatment elicited significant quantitative and qualitative differences in cuticular free fatty acid (FFA) profiles between the species, based on gas chromatography analysis with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and had a negative effect on G. mellonella and C. vicina hemocytes and a Sf9 cell line in vitro: after 48 h, almost all the cells were completely disintegrated. The metabolite had a negative effect on the insect defense system, suggesting that it could play an important role during C. coronatus infection. Its high insecticidal activity and lack of toxicity towards vertebrates suggest it could be an effective insecticide.

scholarly journals Cuticular fatty acids of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) inhibit fungal enzymatic activities of pathogenic Conidiobolus coronatus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0192715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Katarzyna Wrońska ◽  
Mieczysława Irena Boguś ◽  
Emilia Włóka ◽  
Michalina Kazek ◽  
Agata Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Conidiobolus Coronatus
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