scholarly journals Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Burke ◽  
Avish P. Sharma ◽  
Ida A. Heikura ◽  
Sara F. Forbes ◽  
Melissa Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat ◽  
Exercise Economy ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Correction: Crisis of confidence averted: Impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0235592
Author(s):  
Louise M. Burke ◽  
Avish P. Sharma ◽  
Ida A. Heikura ◽  
Sara F. Forbes ◽  
Melissa Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat ◽  
Exercise Economy ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
And Performance

A Carbohydrate Ingestion Intervention in an Elite Athlete Who Follows a Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 957-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Webster ◽  
Jeroen Swart ◽  
Timothy D. Noakes ◽  
James A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intensity Training

This case study documents the performance of an elite-level, exceptionally well-fat-adapted endurance athlete as he reintroduced carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion during high-intensity training. He had followed a strict low-CHO high-fat (LCHF) diet for 2 y, during which he ate approximately 80 g of CHO per day and trained and raced while ingesting only water. While following this diet, he earned numerous podium finishes in triathlons of various distances. However, he approached the authors to test whether CHO supplementation during exercise would further increase his high-intensity performance without affecting his fat adaptation. This 7-wk n = 1 investigation included a 4-wk habitual LCHF diet phase during which he drank only water during training and performance trials and a 3-wk habitual diet plus CHO ingestion phase (LCHF + CHO) during which he followed his usual LCHF diet but ingested 60 g/h CHO during 8 high-intensity training sessions and performance trials. After each phase, rates of fat oxidation and 30-s sprint, 4-min sprint, 20-km time trial (TT), and 100-km TT performances were measured. Compared with LCHF, 20-km TT time improved by 2.8% after LCHF + CHO, which would be a large difference in competition. There was no change in 30-s sprint power, a small improvement in 4-min sprint power (1.6%), and a small reduction in 100-km TT time (1.1%). The authors conclude that CHO ingestion during exercise was likely beneficial for this fat-adapted athlete during high-intensity endurance-type exercise (4–30 min) but likely did not benefit his short-sprint or prolonged endurance performance.

scholarly journals Low carbohydrate, high fat diet impairs exercise economy and negates the performance benefit from intensified training in elite race walkers

2017 ◽  
Vol 595 (9) ◽  
pp. 2785-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Burke ◽  
Megan L. Ross ◽  
Laura A. Garvican-Lewis ◽  
Marijke Welvaert ◽  
Ida A. Heikura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Exercise Economy ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

723-P: Effect of Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat vs. High-Carbohydrate Low-Fat Diet on HbA1c Control in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 723-P
Author(s):  
LINGWANG AN ◽  
DANDAN WANG ◽  
XIAORONG SHI ◽  
CHENHUI LIU ◽  
KUEICHUN YEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Hba1c Control

scholarly journals Effects of Palm Stearin versus Butter in the Context of Low-Carbohydrate/High-Fat and High-Carbohydrate/Low-Fat Diets on Circulating Lipids in a Controlled Feeding Study in Healthy Humans

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1944
Author(s):  
Parker N. Hyde ◽  
Teryn N. Sapper ◽  
Richard A. LaFountain ◽  
Madison L. Kackley ◽  
Alex Buga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Background. Foods rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) have been discouraged by virtue of their cholesterol-raising potential, but this effect is modulated by the food source and background level of carbohydrate. Objective. We aimed to compare the consumption of palm stearin (PS) versus butter on circulating cholesterol responses in the setting of both a low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC/HF) and high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HC/LF) diet in healthy subjects. We also explored effects on plasma lipoprotein particle distribution and fatty acid composition. Methods. We performed a randomized, controlled-feeding, cross-over study that compared a PS- versus a Butter-based diet in a group of normocholesterolemic, non-obese adults. A controlled canola oil-based ‘Run-In’ diet preceded the experimental PS and Butter diets. All diets were eucaloric, provided for 3-weeks, and had the same macronutrient distribution but varied in primary fat source (40% of the total fat). The same Run-In and cross-over experiments were done in two separate groups who self-selected to either a LC/HF (n = 12) or a HC/LF (n = 12) diet track. The primary outcomes were low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, triglycerides, and LDL particle distribution. Results. Compared to PS, Butter resulted in higher LDL-C in both the LC/HF (13.4%, p = 0.003) and HC/LF (10.8%, p = 0.002) groups, which was primarily attributed to large LDL I and LDL IIa particles. There were no differences between PS and Butter in HDL-C, triglycerides, or small LDL particles. Oxidized LDL was lower after PS than Butter in LC/HF (p = 0.011), but not the HC/LF group. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that Butter raises LDL-C relative to PS in healthy normocholesterolemic adults regardless of background variations in carbohydrate and fat, an effect primarily attributed to larger cholesterol-rich LDL particles.

scholarly journals Low‐carbohydrate high‐fat weight reduction diet induces changes in human gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madis Jaagura ◽  
Ene Viiard ◽  
Kätrin Karu‐Lavits ◽  
Kaarel Adamberg
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Appetite and blood glucose profiles in humans after glycogen-depleting exercise

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 947-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen J. Melanson ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga ◽  
L. Arthur Campfield ◽  
Wim H. M. Saris
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Glucose Profiles ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
The Relationship

Regulatory functions of glycogen stores and blood glucose on human appetite, particularly relating to exercise, are not fully understood. Ten men (age 20–31 yr) performed glycogen-depleting exercise in an evening, ate a low-carbohydrate dinner, and stayed overnight in the laboratory. The next day, blood glucose was monitored continuously for 517 ± 23 (SE) min. Subjects had access to high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods after baseline glucose and respiratory quotient were determined. In the afternoon, 1 h of moderate exercise was performed. Baseline respiratory quotient was 0.748 ± 0.008, plasma free fatty acids were 677 ± 123 μmol/l, insulin was 4.8 ± 0.5 μU/ml, and leptin was 1.9 ± 0.3 ng/ml. Postabsorptively, 8 of 10 meals were initiated during stability in blood glucose. Postprandially, the association between meal initiation and blood glucose declines became significant (χ2 = 7.82). During moderate exercise, blood glucose initially decreased but recovered before completion. When the glycogen buffer is depleted, meal initiation can occur during blood glucose stability; the relationship between blood glucose declines and meal initiation reestablishes with refeeding.

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