scholarly journals Modeling intra-mosquito dynamics of Zika virus and its dose-dependence confirms the low epidemic potential of Aedes albopictus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e1009068
Author(s):  
Sebastian Lequime ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Dehecq ◽  
Séverine Matheus ◽  
Franck de Laval ◽  
Lionel Almeras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Simulated Environment

Originating from African forests, Zika virus (ZIKV) has now emerged worldwide in urbanized areas, mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Although Aedes albopictus can transmit ZIKV experimentally and was suspected to be a ZIKV vector in Central Africa, the potential of this species to sustain virus transmission was yet to be uncovered until the end of 2019, when several autochthonous transmissions of the virus vectored by Ae. albopictus occurred in France. Aside from these few locally acquired ZIKV infections, most territories colonized by Ae. albopictus have been spared so far. The risk level of ZIKV emergence in these areas remains however an open question. To assess Ae. albopictus’ vector potential for ZIKV and identify key virus outbreak predictors, we built a complete framework using the complementary combination of (i) dose-dependent experimental Ae. albopictus exposure to ZIKV followed by time-dependent assessment of infection and systemic infection rates, (ii) modeling of intra-human ZIKV viremia dynamics, and (iii) in silico epidemiological simulations using an Agent-Based Model. The highest risk of transmission occurred during the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease, at the peak of viremia. At this dose, mosquito infection probability was estimated to be 20%, and 21 days were required to reach the median systemic infection rates. Mosquito population origin, either temperate or tropical, had no impact on infection rates or intra-host virus dynamic. Despite these unfavorable characteristics for transmission, Ae. albopictus was still able to trigger and yield large outbreaks in a simulated environment in the presence of sufficiently high mosquito biting rates. Our results reveal a low but existing epidemic potential of Ae. albopictus for ZIKV, that might explain the absence of large scale ZIKV epidemics so far in territories occupied only by Ae. albopictus. They nevertheless support active surveillance and eradication programs in these territories to maintain the risk of emergence to a low level.

scholarly journals Different populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Central Africa are susceptible to Zika virus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0008163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basile Kamgang ◽  
Marie Vazeille ◽  
Armel Tedjou ◽  
Aurélie P. Yougang ◽  
Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Zika Virus Infection ◽  
Different Populations

scholarly journals Vertical transmission of zika virus in Aedes albopictus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0008776
Author(s):  
Zetian Lai ◽  
Tengfei Zhou ◽  
Jiayong Zhou ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Ye Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Suckling Mice ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr

Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Aedes albopictus is an important vector of ZIKV worldwide. To date, most experiments have focused on the vertical transmission of ZIKV in Ae. aegypti, while studies on Ae. albopictus are very limited. To explore vertical transmission in Ae. albopictus, a series of laboratory studies were carried out. Methodology/Principal findings In this study, Ae. albopictus were blood-fed with ZIKV-infectious blood, and the ovaries and offspring viral infection rates were analyzed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). ZIKV was detected in the ovaries and oviposited eggs in two gonotrophic cycles. The minimum filial egg infection rates in two gonotrophic cycles were 2.06% and 0.69%, and the effective population transmission rate was 1.87%. The hatching, pupation, and emergence rates of infected offspring were not significantly different from those of uninfected offspring, indicating that ZIKV did not prevent the offspring from completing the growth and development process. ZIKV was detected in three of thirteen C57BL/6 suckling mice bitten by ZIKV-positive F1 females, and the viremia persisted for at least seven days. Conclusions/Significance ZIKV can be vertically transmitted in Ae. albopictus via transovarial transmission. The vertical transmission rates in F1 eggs and adults were 2.06% and 1.87%, respectively. Even though the vertical transmission rates were low, the female mosquitoes infected via the congenital route horizontally transmitted ZIKV to suckling mice through bloodsucking. This is the first experimental evidence of offspring with vertically transmitted ZIKV initiating new horizontal transmission. The present study deepens the understanding of the vertical transmission of flaviviruses in Aedes mosquitoes and sheds light on the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Limited risk of Zika virus transmission by five Aedes albopictus populations from Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel A. González ◽  
Márcio G. Pavan ◽  
Rosilainy S. Fernandes ◽  
Núria Busquets ◽  
Mariana R. David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission

scholarly journals Zika Virus in Gabon (Central Africa) – 2007: A New Threat from Aedes albopictus?

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda Grard ◽  
Mélanie Caron ◽  
Illich Manfred Mombo ◽  
Dieudonné Nkoghe ◽  
Statiana Mboui Ondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Central Africa

scholarly journals Zika virus transmission by Brazilian Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is virus dose and temperature-dependent

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0008527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Chouin-Carneiro ◽  
Mariana Rocha David ◽  
Fernanda de Bruycker Nogueira ◽  
Flavia Barreto dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Virus Dose

scholarly journals European and tropical Aedes albopictus mosquito populations have similar systemic Zika virus infection dynamics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastian Lequime ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Dehecq ◽  
Sébastien Briolant ◽  
Albin Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Virus Dose ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
The Indian Ocean

AbstractFirst isolated from a forest in East Africa in the mid-20th century, Zika virus (ZIKV) has now emerged worldwide in urbanized areas where its mosquito vectors, mainly Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, are present. Europe and French overseas territories in the Indian Ocean have been so far spared despite the presence of Ae. albopictus, the Asian tiger mosquito. However, because they have strong economic and touristic links with regions affected by ZIKV, French territories in the Indian Ocean have a high risk of introduction. Here, we assess the susceptibility of two Ae. albopictus populations from Metropolitan France and the Reunion island (a French oversea territory in the Indian Ocean) for a ZIKV isolate from the Asian genotype at a titer ranging from 3 to 7.5 × 106 focus-forming units per milliliter. High infection rates and unpreceded levels of systemic infection rates were observed in both Metropolitan France and the Reunion island populations, without differences in infection rates or intra-mosquito systemic infection dynamics between the two mosquito populations. Ten and 20-days were needed by the virus to disseminate in 50% and 100% of the exposed mosquitoes respectively. Such slow intra-mosquito viral dynamics, in addition to repeatedly reported high transmission barrier in the literature, can impact ZIKV transmission when potentially vectored by Ae. albopictus. However, because mosquito-borne virus intra-host transmission dynamics can be influenced by numerous factors, including virus dose dynamics inside infectious humans or viral evolution towards shorter extrinsic incubation periods (EIP), our results highlight that Ae. albopictus populations present in Metropolitan France and the French territoires in the Indian Ocean might become potential vector for autochthonous ZIKV transmissions.

Increase in Reported Prevalence of Microcephaly in Infants Born to Women Living in Areas with Confirmed Zika Virus Transmission During the First Trimester of Pregnancy — Brazil, 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira ◽  
Juan Cortez-Escalante ◽  
Wanessa Tenório Gonçalves Holanda De Oliveira ◽  
Greice Madeleine Ikeda do Carmo ◽  
Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Increase in Reported Prevalence of Microcephaly in Infants Born to Women Living in Areas with Confirmed Zika Virus Transmission During the First Trimester of Pregnancy — Brazil, 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira ◽  
Juan Cortez-Escalante ◽  
Wanessa Tenório Gonçalves Holanda De Oliveira ◽  
Greice Madeleine Ikeda do Carmo ◽  
Cláudio Maierovitch Pessanha Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

RELAÇÃO DE CAUSALIDADE ENTRE A FEBRE DA ZIKA E MICROCEFALIA NO BRASIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Emanuel Dantas Mercês ◽  
Angela de Souza Cajuhi ◽  
Lorena Conceição Souza dos Santos ◽  
Rudval Souza da Silva ◽  
Cleuma Sueli Santos Suto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Electronic Library

O Zika vírus é um arbovírus transmitido pela picada dos mosquitos Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus infectados e apresentam como principais manifestações clínicas: febre aguda, exantema, prurido e conjuntivite. Em 2015 causou uma epidemia no Brasil, desencadeando casos de microcefalia em bebês cujas gestantes tiveram a febre da Zika. O Nordeste notificou o maior número de casos. Objetivou-se identificar, a partir de uma revisão integrativa, a relação entre a febre da Zika e a microcefalia. Trata-se de revisão integrativa, realizada a partir de buscas desenvolvidas nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) com publicações dos anos de 2015 e 2016, idiomas português e inglês. Foram encontradas 191 publicações, as quais passaram por um processo de leitura e análise quanto ao atendimento do objetivo e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão. Restaram oito publicações que integraram o corpus desta revisão. Os resultados apontam para uma relação de causa e efeito entre o contato das gestantes com o Zika vírus e o desenvolvimento de microcefalia em seus bebês. Necessita-se de maiores evidências que demonstrem os reais fatores envolvidos nesse processo, como os genéticos, ambientais e até mesmo interferência de outras infecções. Palavras-chave: Zika vírus. Microcefalia. Aplicações da epidemiologia.

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