A Behavioral-Genetic Study of Alexithymia and its Relationships with Trait Emotional Intelligence

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly M. Baughman ◽  
Sara Schwartz ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Livia Veselka ◽  
K. V. Petrides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire ◽  
Behavioral Genetic Study

The present study is the first to examine relationships between alexithymia and trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) at the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental levels. The study was also conducted to resolve inconsistencies in previous twin studies that have provided estimates of the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in alexithymia. Participants were 216 monozygotic and 45 dizygotic same-sex twin pairs who completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. In a pilot study, a sub-sample of 118 MZ and 27 DZ pairs also completed the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Results demonstrated that a combination of genetic and non-shared environmental influences contribute to individual differences in alexithymia. As expected, alexithymia and trait EI were negatively correlated at the phenotypic level. Bivariate behavioral genetic analyses showed that that all but one of these correlations was primarily attributable to correlated genetic factors and secondarily to correlated non-shared environmental factors.

A Behavior Genetic Analysis of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Alexithymia: A Replication

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly M. Baughman ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Livia Veselka ◽  
Juliette Harris ◽  
Philip A. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Behavior Genetic ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire

This replication study examines relations between alexithymia and trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) at the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental levels. A sample of 1,444 same-sex twin pairs (850 MZ pairs and 594 DZ pairs) completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. A subset of 494 same-sex twin pairs (287 MZ pairs and 207 DZ pairs) had earlier completed the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Individual differences in alexithymia were attributable to genetic, non-shared environmental, and shared environmental factors. All but one of the facets of alexithymia were negatively and significantly correlated with the factors of trait EI, and these phenotypic correlations were entirely attributable to correlated genetic and correlated non-shared environmental factors. These bivariate results provide a valuable replication of those of Baughman et al. (Twin Research and Human Genetics, Vol. 14, 2011, pp. 539–543), which was conducted with substantially smaller samples of twins.

A behavioral genetic study of trait emotional intelligence.

Emotion ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Vernon ◽  
K. V. Petrides ◽  
Denis Bratko ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Behavioral Genetic Study

A Behavioral Genetic Study of the Dark Triad of Personality and Moral Development

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Campbell ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Vanessa C. Villani ◽  
Brenda Nguyen ◽  
Leanne Vickers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Genetic Investigation ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Behavioral Genetic Study

AbstractThe present study is the first behavioral genetic investigation of relationships between the Dark Triad of personality — Machiavellianism, narcissism, and subclinical psychopathy — and moral development. Participants were 154 monozygotic twin pairs and 82 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs. Higher scores on Machiavellianism and psychopathy were positively correlated with low levels of moral development; high psychopathy scores also correlated negatively with high levels of moral development. Individual differences in lower levels of moral development were attributable to genetic and nonshared environmental factors but, very interestingly, individual differences in the highest levels of moral development showed no genetic basis but were entirely attributable to shared and nonshared environmental factors. Finally, correlations between the Dark Triad and moral development variables showed no genetic basis while correlations among the moral development variables were variously attributable to correlated genetic and correlated environmental factors.

Laughter and Resiliency: A Behavioral Genetic Study of Humor Styles and Mental Toughness

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Veselka ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Rod A. Martin ◽  
Philip A. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Humor Styles ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Behavioral Genetic Study

This study investigated phenotypic correlations between mental toughness and humor styles, as well as the common genetic and environmental effects underlying these correlations. Participants were 201 adult twin pairs from North America. They completed the Humor Styles Questionnaire, assessing individual differences in two positive (affiliative, self-enhancing) and two negative (aggressive, self-defeating) humor styles. They also completed the MT48, measuring individual differences in global mental toughness and its eight factors (Commitment, Control, Emotional Control, Control over Life, Confidence, Confidence in Abilities, Interpersonal Confidence, Challenge). Positive correlations were found between the positive humor styles and all of the mental toughness factors, with all but one reaching significance. Conversely, negative correlations were found between all mental toughness factors and the negative humor styles, with the mental toughness factors of Control, Emotional Control, Confidence, Confidence in Abilities, and Interpersonal Confidence exhibiting significant correlations. Subsequent behavioral genetic analyses revealed that these phenotypic correlations were primarily attributable to common genetic and common non-shared environmental factors. The implications of these findings regarding the potential effects of humor styles on wellbeing, and the possible selective use of humor by mentally tough individuals are discussed.

scholarly journals Heritability of Cortisol Production and Metabolism Throughout Adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt J van Keulen ◽  
Conor V Dolan ◽  
Ruth Andrew ◽  
Brian R Walker ◽  
Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Cortisol Metabolism ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Abstract Context Inter-individual differences in cortisol production and metabolism emerge with age and may be explained by genetic factors. Objective To estimate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to inter-individual differences in cortisol production and metabolism throughout adolescence. Design Prospective follow-up study of twins. Setting Nationwide register. Participants 218 mono- and dizygotic twins (N = 109 pairs) born between 1995 amd 1996, recruited from the Netherlands Twin Register. Cortisol metabolites were determined in 213, 169, and 160 urine samples at the ages of 9, 12, and 17, respectively. Main outcome measures The total contribution of genetic factors (broad-sense heritability) and shared and unshared environmental influences to inter-individual differences in cortisol production and activities of 5α-reductase, 5β-reductase, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and cytochrome P450 3A4. Results For cortisol production rate at the ages of 9, 12, and 17, broad-sense heritability was estimated as 42%, 30%, and 0%, respectively, and the remainder of the variance was explained by unshared environmental factors. For cortisol metabolism indices, the following heritability was observed: for the A-ring reductases (5α-and 5β-reductases), broad-sense heritability increased with age (to >50%), while for the other indices (renal 11β-HSD2, global 11β-HSD, and CYP3A4), the contribution of genetic factors was highest (68%, 18%, and 67%, respectively) at age 12. Conclusions The contribution of genetic factors to inter-individual differences in cortisol production decreased between 12 and 17y, indicative of a predominant role of individual circumstances. For cortisol metabolism, distinct patterns of genetic and environmental influences were observed, with heritability that either increased with age or peaked at age 12y.

Phenotypic and Genetic Relations Between the HEXACO Dimensions and Trait Emotional Intelligence

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Veselka ◽  
K. V. Petrides ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Lynn F. Cherkas ◽  
Tim D. Spector ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire ◽  
Hexaco Model

AbstractThe present study investigated the location of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) within the context of the HEXACO model — a more comprehensive personality framework than the conventional Big Five structure. A total of 666 MZ and 526 DZ adult twin pairs from the United Kingdom completed the short form of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue-SF) and the short form of the HEXACO Personality Inventory (HEXACO-60). Many significant phenotypic correlations between the TEIQue-SF and the HEXACO-60 were obtained, which were strongest for HEXACO Extraversion, and weakest for HEXACO Honesty–Humility. As was expected, Emotionality was the only HEXACO dimension to correlate negatively with TEIQue-SF scores. Bivariate behavioral genetic analyses revealed that all phenotypic correlations were attributable to common genetic and common nonshared environmental factors. The study confirms the validity of trait EI as a constellation of emotional self-perceptions located at the lower levels of personality.

Phenotypic and Genetic Associations Between the Big Five and Trait Emotional Intelligence

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. Vernon ◽  
Vanessa C. Villani ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
K. V. Petrides
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations

AbstractThis study reports the first behavioral genetic investigation of the extent to which genetic and/or environmental factors contribute to the relationship between the Big Five personality factors and trait emotional intelligence. 213 pairs of adult monozygotic twins and 103 pairs of same-sex dizygotic twins completed the NEO-PI-R and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Replicating previous non-twin studies, many significant phenotypic correlations were found between the Big Five factors — especially Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness — and the facets, factors, and global scores derived from the TEIQue. Bivariate behavioral genetic model-fitting analyses revealed that these phenotypic correlations were primarily attributable to correlated genetic factors and secondarily to correlated non-shared environmental factors. The results support the feasibility of incorporating EI as a trait within existing personality taxonomies.

Trait Emotional Intelligence and the Dark Triad Traits of Personality

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Petrides ◽  
Philip A. Vernon ◽  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Livia Veselka
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Cholesky Decomposition ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Investigation ◽  
Adaptive Value

This study presents the first behavioral genetic investigation of the relationships between trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) and the Dark Triad traits of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. In line with trait EI theory, the construct correlated positively with narcissism, but negatively with the other two traits. Generally, the correlations were consistent across the 4 factors and 15 facets of the construct. Cholesky decomposition analysis revealed that the phenotypic associations were primarily due to correlated genetic factors and secondarily due to correlated nonshared environmental factors, with shared environmental factors being nonsignificant in all cases. Results are discussed from the perspective of trait EI theory with particular reference to the issue of adaptive value.

A comparison of the trait emotional intelligence profiles of individuals with and without Asperger syndrome

Autism ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
KV Petrides ◽  
Kristelle Hudry ◽  
Georgia Michalaria ◽  
Viren Swami ◽  
Nick Sevdalis
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
General Population ◽  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire

The extent to which the socioemotional impairments of Asperger syndrome (AS) might be extreme manifestations of individual differences within the general population remains under-explored. We compared the trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) profiles of 30 individuals with AS against the profiles of 43 group-matched controls using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Participants with AS scored significantly lower than controls on 12 of the 15 TEIQue facets (ηp2 = 0.09 to 0.49) as well as on all four factors and the global score of the construct (ηp2 = 0.07 to 0.41). There was a significant main effect of gender, with men generally scoring higher than women. Results are discussed from the perspective of trait EI theory, with emphasis on its implications for the socioemotional impairments associated with AS.

scholarly journals Convergent Validity Analysis between the Profile of Emotional Competences Full-Form and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Full-Form

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Laborde ◽  
Félix Guillén ◽  
Robert Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Specific Outcome ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire ◽  
Age Range

AbstractEmotional dispositions have been found to influence outcomes and have applications in many areas, such as in the clinical, health, social, educational, and organizational domains. Specifically, they may influence individuals’ addictive behaviour tendencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the convergent validity between two questionnaires measuring individual differences linked to emotional dispositions, the Profile of Emotional Competences (PEC) full-form, and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) full-form. Examining the convergent validity will identify the similarities and the unique aspects of each questionnaire. Our hypotheses were based on relationships displaying large effect sizes (r > .50). A sample of 1026 participants took part in this study (Mage = 21.35 years old, age range = 18–30). Participants completed both the PEC and the TEIQue in a counterbalanced order. Results indicated large overlaps between the two questionnaires; however, two main differences emerged: first, the PEC allows capturing precisely the emotional dispositions at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels, while the TEIQue mixes both levels; second, the competence “using emotions”, both for one’s own emotions and for others’ emotions, is not comprehensively reflected in the TEIQue. Overall, the PEC may help to capture more specifically the distinction between intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competences. Future research should investigate comparatively the criterion validity of both questionnaires with specific outcome variables. Future research and applied work with addiction aiming at clarifying the implication of both intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competences may consider to rather use the PEC than the TEIQue.

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