Painting architectural heritage in modern Baghdad: The art of Lorna Selim

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Mysa Kafil-Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Architectural History ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

This article explores the work of the artist Lorna Selim in the context of a period of modernization and urbanization in Baghdad, the city she moved to in 1950 with her husband, fellow artist Jewad Selim. Following the neglect and destruction of thousands of traditional houses in Baghdad, the landscape of the city was changing rapidly over time. Modernist architects and planners fuelled these changes, with little consideration for issues of conservation. I aim to show the impact of a variety of policies, historical events and new architectural trends on the Iraqi environment, and show how Lorna captured a snapshot of Iraqi cultural and architectural history which has since been lost.

Lysistrata

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurit Yaari
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Range ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This chapter focuses on the comedy Lysistrata by Aristophanes. Lysistrata is the most commonly staged of Aristophanes’ comedies in Israel; to date seven productions of that play have been staged in Israel. This is not surprising, given that it is a lurid anti-war comedy, with a plot that combines sex and war, and raises weighty issues concerning state management, war fatigue, and the desire for peace, in a fantasy where women take over control of the city. Through an analysis of four productions of that play that have been staged in Israel between 1958 and 2002, the chapter discusses the impact of historical events on the reading of the play and its performance, and shows how each production steered in the narrow range between entertainment, criticism, and protest.

scholarly journals Estimation of effects of contact tracing and mask adoption on COVID-19 transmission in San Francisco: a modeling study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Worden ◽  
Rae Wannier ◽  
Seth Blumberg ◽  
Alex Y. Ge ◽  
George W. Rutherford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Statistical Estimation ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Reproduction Numbers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Testing Coverage ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe current COVID-19 pandemic has spurred concern about what interventions may be effective at reducing transmission. The city and county of San Francisco imposed a shelter-in-place order in March 2020, followed by use of a contact tracing program and a policy requiring use of cloth face masks. We used statistical estimation and simulation to estimate the effectiveness of these interventions in San Francisco. We estimated that self-isolation and other practices beginning at the time of San Francisco’s shelter-in-place order reduced the effective reproduction number of COVID-19 by 35.4% (95% CI, −20.1%–81.4%). We estimated the effect of contact tracing on the effective reproduction number to be a reduction of approximately 44% times the fraction of cases that are detected, which may be modest if the detection rate is low. We estimated the impact of cloth mask adoption on reproduction number to be approximately 8.6%, and note that the benefit of mask adoption may be substantially greater for essential workers and other vulnerable populations, residents return to circulating outside the home more often. We estimated the effect of those interventions on incidence by simulating counterfactual scenarios in which contact tracing was not adopted, cloth masks were not adopted, and neither contact tracing nor cloth masks was adopted, and found increases in case counts that were modest, but relatively larger than the effects on reproduction numbers. These estimates and model results suggest that testing coverage and timing of testing and contact tracing may be important, and that modest effects on reproduction numbers can nonetheless cause substantial effects on case counts over time.

Aviation strikes: Direct action at Heathrow, City and Stansted

Soundings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (78) ◽  
pp. 172-188
Author(s):  
Ali ◽  
Alex ◽  
Eddy ◽  
Josh ◽  
Helen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Mass Participation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

People involved in actions at Heathrow, City and Stansted airports reflect on the development of climate justice narratives and how this has evolved over the three 'aviation strikes' at these airports. At the time of the Heathrow action, the focus was on the impact of the aviation industry on the environment, to which Plane Stupid was seeking to draw attention. The City action became a Black Lives Matter action, with the aim of making connections between race and climate change. The Stansted action was organised by a coalition of groups, including Plane Stupid and Lesbians and Gays Support the Migrants (LGSM), and sought to prevent the take-off of a deportation plane. Activists describe their own political development as these narratives shifted over time. They also discuss Extinction Rebellion, which aims to make direct action a mass participation event, and more local actions, such as the anti-raids action in Glasgow in summer 2021.

scholarly journals URBAN SPACES WITH FOUNTAINS: NOISE AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME FORMATION REGULARITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 256-275
Author(s):  
Oksana Tserkovna
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Regime Formation ◽  
Environmental Regime ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Ecological Regime ◽  
Over Time

The article highlights the problem of loss of the ability to solve design problems by the modern creators of the settlements based on knowledge of the functional structure of the object, demands of potential consumers, taking into account the features of the object’s location in the selected area, while creating a safe, reliable and comfortable environment able to implement functions for which it is intended. Guided by the specialized publications in the field of the liquid and gas hydraulics and mechanics, the author considers and describes in detail the water flows and their impact on space characteristics, including options for the contribution of hydraulic noise to space acoustics, taking into account human perception, and options for contribution of the atmospheric air temperature and humidity variability to the thermal balance of the city residents. The parameters of buildings are identified, the change of which affects the change of space characteristics. The regularities of the impact of fountains during operation on the space noise and ecological regime formation, which will provide consumer needs and comfortable conditions necessary for a positive physical perception of space, are determined. The results of the study will be used as a reference material in the development of graphic models and techniques of the architectural and planning arrangement of urban spaces with fountains, which, being perfectly integrated into the urban fabric will ensure sustainable development of the spaces with fountains over time.  

scholarly journals The Impact of Commercial Mutations on Historical Buildings in Algeria: Case of Colonial Quarters in The City of Annaba

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounira Mihoubi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The commercial dynamics that the city of Annaba has experienced in recent decades, due to social and economic development and market liberalization, have changed its urban and architectural heritage. This city, located in north-eastern Algeria and created before the tenth century, has seen many civilizations and dynasties pass by. Every civilization has left behind traces that time has sometimes taken care of protecting them, to bequeath us or erasing them completely. This heritage wealth testifying and telling the story of our ancestors' past, unfortunately, began to lose its value and originality after the transformations and modifications that took place in the old residential buildings inherited from two opposing cultures by integrating new forms of commercial activities. The objective of this communication is to analyse and measure the evolution of these mutations, with a focus on the ancient colonial areas of the city of Annaba where the phenomenon is most pronounced.

scholarly journals Quantifying the impacts of human mobility restriction on the spread of COVID-19: an empirical analysis from 344 cities of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tan ◽  
Yiquan Xiong ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao ◽  
Chunrong Liu ◽  
Shiyao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectiveSince the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), human mobility restriction measures have raised controversies, partly due to inconsistent findings. Empirical study is urgently needed to reliably assess the causal effects of mobility restriction.MethodsOur study applied the difference-in-difference (DID) model to assess declines of population mobility at the city level, and used the log-log regression model to examine the effects of population mobility declines on the disease spread measured by cumulative or new cases of COVID-19 over time, after adjusting for confounders.ResultsThe DID model showed that a continual expansion of the relative declines over time in 2020. After four weeks, population mobility declined by 54.81% (interquartile ranges, −65.50% to −43.56%). The accrued population mobility declines were associated with significant reduction of cumulative COVID-19 cases throughout six weeks (i.e., 1% decline of population mobility was associated with 0.72% (95%CI 0.50% to 0.93%) reduce of cumulative cases for one week, 1.42% two weeks, 1.69% three weeks, 1.72% four weeks,1.64% five weeks and 1.52% six weeks). The impact on weekly new cases seemed greater in the first four weeks, but faded thereafter. The effects on cumulative cases differed by cities of different population sizes, with greater effects seen in larger cities.ConclusionPersistent population mobility restrictions are well deserved. However, a change in the degree of mobility restriction may be warranted over time, particularly after several weeks of rigorous mobility restriction. Implementation of mobility restrictions in major cities with large population sizes may be even more important.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perubahan Fungsi Terhadap Tipologi Arsitektur Fasad Bangunan di Kampung Wisata Prawirotaman

Arsitektura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Aprodita Emma Yetti ◽  
Tika Ainnunisa Fitria ◽  
Indah Pujiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
City Center ◽  
Building Facade ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p class="Abstract"><em>The final results of this study describe the impact of changes in building functions on the facade  typology in Kampung Prawirotaman. These results can be used for reference and consideration in the character and visual development of Kampung Prawirotaman. Kampung Prawirotaman is one of the tourism destination in Yogyakarta. Through a long history, Kampung Prawirotaman which is known as a batik village has been transformed into a tourism village. This area is supported by infrastructure and strategic locations. This area is close to the city center and the other tourist destinantions. Kampung Prawirotaman had an architectural heritage that form of the visual characters from the adaptation of traditional and "indis" architecture. Now, the community develop the tourism facilities as independently and spontaneously in this area. The tourism facilities has resulted in changes the various building facade elements in Kampung Prawiotaman. The research used descriptive qualitative method with architectural typology approach.</em></p>

scholarly journals THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE. ODESSA MODERN

2020 ◽  
pp. 210-220
Author(s):  
Ivanova I. ◽  
◽  
Titinov V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

The article presents material that briefly highlights the historical, socio-political, technological prerequisites for the emergence and development of modern architecture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.Its features, basic characteristics and originality are considered, taking into account the development of Odessa.The presence in the urban environment of Odessa of large-scale monuments of architecture of the late 19th, early 20th centuries is obvious.They play a large role in the formation of urban identity.Tourists visiting the city pay tribute to the wealth of impressions that the natural environment of the city gives, its historical architectural environment, an integral part of which is Odessa Art Nouveau.The current state of buildings of this period of construction requires special attention not only of specialists in the field of construction, architecture, protection of monuments, but also the need to attract the public to preserve the architectural heritage of this period.It is important for modern man to feel that the city has a history, a continuity.Of particular value and status as guardians of memory are preserved cultural heritage sites.As foreign experience shows, sometimes the most hopeless, from the point of view of restoration, objects can be revived using a variety of approaches.In many European cities there are examples of excellent solutions in the field of renovation of historical buildings and districts. The conservation of historic buildingsshould be a priority in our urban planning policy.An integrated approach to the popularization of architectural heritage is required, including a wide range of forms of interaction with the scientific and civil society. It is necessary to enlist the support of the public in taking measures to protect heritage objects, to awaken the activity of citizens and the professional public in collecting and transmitting information, support initiatives to register new objects.International cooperation in heritage conservation should be seen as a particularly important strategic resource.It is necessary to exchange scientific and technical information with international organizations active in the field of monument conservation, exchange of experience in the legislative sphere, in the theory and practice of conservation and restoration, development of youth programs in the field of heritage conservation and popularization.We are involved in pan-European identity in culture, first of all. The most clearly preserved evidence of this is the preserved architectural monuments. The architectural heritage of Art Nouveau, bright, original and interesting in its diversity, loudly testifies that we are involved in all historical events taking place on the European continent.The most vividly evidence of this is the preserved architectural monuments. The architectural heritage of Art Nouveau, bright, original and interesting in its diversity, loudly testifies that we are involved in all historical events taking place on the European continent.

Abitare nella Cittŕ dei Morti. Un progetto di ricerca azione per un habitat informale "di eccellenza"

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Paola Bellaviti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Stimulate Action ◽  
Residential Culture ◽  
Action Project ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

- The article focuses on one of the most suggestive and controversial habitats of the Cairo megalopolis, the ‘City of the Dead', as the vast areas of monumental cemeteries are collectively termed. Over time they have actually become a true and genuine ‘city' within the city, inhabited by hundreds of thousands of people. It is a slum according to some definitions currently in use, but a very particular slum which is host to both a huge and special historical and architectural heritage and at the same time to a residential environment which is unique of its kind, in which a heterogeneous local society maintains the City of the Dead ‘in life', by means of a specific residential culture linked to the sepulchral nature of the places. A research and action project intends to try and deconstruct the negative and destructive images currently adopted by Cairo's urban planning policies for this urban environment. It does this by exploring the possibilities of a more detailed portrayal from different viewpoints in order to stimulate action to conserve and enhance the City of the Dead that is based on recognition of its value given by the ineluctable links between the monumental necropolis and the living environment.

scholarly journals Does an Increase in Population Density Increases Transit Mode Split? Going Beyond the Contemporaneous Correlation Between Built Form and Public Transit Mode Share

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanaz Dorrani Arab ◽  
Murtaza Haider
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Built Form ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores the relationship between public transit mode share and population density. It critically reviews the long-held belief that an increase in population density (compact built form) will result in an increase in public transit ridership. The research developed a longitudinal data set of travel behavior, transit supply, and proxies of built form for 1996 and 2016 for the City of Toronto. The data set is spatially disaggregated at the Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) level such that the TAZs that divide the City into 480 mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive zones. The paper found that a cross-sectional analysis of population density and transit mode share captures mostly the contemporaneous relationship between the two and does not, by default, lend credence to the argument that if the density increases over time at a place, it will subsequently result in higher public transit ridership. Such a question will require a longitudinal analysis where the impact of a change in public density over time is examined to determine its impact, if any, on transit ridership. Using Linear Mixed Models for longitudinal data, the paper found that the contemporaneous relation between density and transit mode share holds, but the change in population density over time does not automatically correlate with an increase in transit ridership

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