scholarly journals Isolation and phenotyping of potential stem cells from the umbilical cord of the bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
Annalaura Mancia ◽  
Giulia Zuccon ◽  
Denise Lunardi ◽  
Barbara Biancani ◽  
Claudia Gili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cell Lineages

We have successfully isolated cells with stem-like properties from bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) umbilical cord. Our results show that this cetacean species has embryonic fetal and adult stem cells as do humans and other studied mammals. This accomplishment allows to eventually investigate whether dolphins, due to their unique adaptations to aquatic environments, have special stem cell lineages or distinctive mechanisms of cell programming. Further characterization of their potency to differentiate into multiple cell lineages would fulfill numerous applicative purposes. We characterized, developed and refined a new protocol for obtaining potential stem cells from umbilical cord tissues of the bottlenose dolphin. Tissue samples were taken from umbilical cords of successful deliveries immediately after placenta ejection and collection from the water. Umbilical cord samples (2-3 cm3) were excised and subjected to enzymatic digestion and mechanical dissociation. Viable cells from specimens resident in the Oceanografic Valencia were cultured and subsequently isolated and tested for pluripotent characteristics (cell morphology, phenotype and expression of surface markers). Cell viability was confirmed also after freezing/thawing. The established protocol is suitable for collection/isolation/culture of dolphin potential mesenchymal stem cells from dolphin umbilical cord, which can be deposited in cell banks for future research needs.

scholarly journals Role of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Regulating the Behavior of Germline Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqin Li ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Yanghui Chen ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Junying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Hh Signaling

Germline stem cells (GSCs) are adult stem cells that are responsible for the production of gametes and include spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and ovarian germline stem cells (OGSCs). GSCs are located in a specialized microenvironment in the gonads called the niche. Many recent studies have demonstrated that multiple signals in the niche jointly regulate the proliferation and differentiation of GSCs, which is of significance for reproductive function. Previous studies have demonstrated that the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway participates in the proliferation and differentiation of various stem cells, including GSCs in Drosophila and male mammals. Furthermore, the discovery of mammalian OGSCs challenged the traditional opinion that the number of primary follicles is fixed in postnatal mammals, which is of significance for the reproductive ability of female mammals and the treatment of diseases related to germ cells. Meanwhile, it still remains to be determined whether the Hh signaling pathway participates in the regulation of the behavior of OGSCs. Herein, we review the current research on the role of the Hh signaling pathway in mediating the behavior of GSCs. In addition, some suggestions for future research are proposed.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF REGENERATION OF THE MUSCLES OF THE SOFT PALATE DURING ITS NONUNION DEPENDING ON THE MYOGENIC POTENTIAL OF STEM CELLS. Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
L.V. Kharkov ◽  
R.I. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Myogenic Potential

Relevance. Today there are more than 150 methods for eliminating congenital defects of the hard and soft palate. However, these techniques do not always lead to high functional results, which leads to repeated surgical interventions and long-term speech therapy rehabilitation. Therefore, there is a problem with the prognosis of such treatment. The search for a marker for assessing the prognosis of surgical intervention is relevant. One of these markers may be the state of the myogenic potential of stem cells. Objective: to analyze the possibility of preliminary assessment of muscle regeneration, depending on the myogenic potential of stem cells, in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment of children with non-union of the soft palate. Method. An analytical review of the literature on keywords from the scientometric databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. Results. Satellite cells represent an adequate system model for studying the biology of adult stem cells. Satellite cells can be considered candidates for cell therapy in muscle regeneration. First, they are one of the most abundant and most accessible cells in our body. Secondly, there is a panel of specific markers that can be used to isolate satellite cells. Third, satellite cells are localized within clear boundaries of the anatomical niche, and signaling mechanisms are currently being studied. Fourth, there is the possibility of recreating muscle injuries in which satellite cells can be studied. Future research aimed at increasing the purification of satellite cells so as to maintain their low differentiation, increase the engraftment potential, as well as new approaches aimed at obtaining satellite cells from iPS cells, will help accelerate the progress and development of drugs for cell therapy in the treatment of muscle degenerative diseases. Conclusions. The data on the myogenic potential of stem cells, in muscle regeneration, obtained on satellite cell models, can be used to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of children with nonunion of the soft palate.

Expression Profile of Genes Representing Varied Spectra of Cell Lineages in Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joon Moon ◽  
Myoung Woo Lee ◽  
Mal Sook Yang ◽  
Sun Kyung Kim ◽  
Joon Seong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Lineages

scholarly journals Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton’s jelly of the human umbilical cord

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hager Abouelnaga ◽  
Doaa El-Khateeb ◽  
Yasmine Moemen ◽  
Ashraf El-Fert ◽  
Mohamed Elgazzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Lineage Differentiation

Abstract Background Isolation of post-partum umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly stem cells has gained attention as an alternative source of the bone marrow. Because easy isolation, lack of ethical concerns, and the presence of both embryonic and adult stem cells have made them a valuable source for use in therapeutic applications and regenerative medicine. The study utilized a modified protocol using in-house human pooled cord blood serum for isolation and expansion of the mesenchymal stem cells obtained from the human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly. Cell proliferation and population doubling time and tri-lineage differentiation were assessed, and the expressions of mesenchymal cell surface markers CD44, CD90, CD105, and CD34 were assessed by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. The genetic stability of the isolated cells was assessed by chromosomal karyotype. Results The isolated cells displayed fibroblastic-like morphology and tri-lineage differentiation into adipocyte, chondrocyte, and osteocyte. The isolated cells maintained the proliferative competence with a doubling time ranged from 38 to 42h and corresponded well with the standard positive and negative molecular markers (CD44+, CD90+, CD 105+, and CD34−). Cell senescence occurred at the later passage of the cells (P15) affecting, about 25% of the population. Metaphases spread of the cells showed normal diploid karyotypes, with typical chromosomal plates indicating genetic stability of the isolated cells. Conclusion The primary cultures exhibited success in isolating the umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells, which maintained their tri-lineage differentiation potential, phenotypes and karyotype characteristics on further passage and expansion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of isolation method in remaining of differentiation potential of perivascular human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells toward male germ cell-like

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Ali Shojaeian ◽  
Ameneh Mehri-Ghahfarrokhi ◽  
Shima Rahmati-Dehkordi ◽  
Mehdi Banitalebi-Dehkordi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Male Germ Cell ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Old Mice

Background and aims: Infertility is one of the most common problems among couples. Generation of male germ cells from adult stem cells is a current promising priority of researchers. This study aimed to investigate the potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) on the expression of male germ cell markers after isolating by this method. Methods: The hUMSCs was incubated with retinoic acid, testosterone, and conditioned medium (prepared from testicular cell cultures of 7-day-old mice) during 3 days. The bands were visualized and densitometry was accomplished using LI-COR Biosciences software. Results: The high expression levels of C-KIT, DAZL, PIWIL2, and DDX4 in mRNA and protein levels were observed in treated hUMSCs. Conclusion: Results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting showed that method of isolation had no adverse effects on differentiation potential of hUMSCs.

280 ISOLATION, PRESERVATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EQUINE UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD STEM CELLS

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
C. De Schauwer ◽  
S. Piepers ◽  
M. K. Hoogewijs ◽  
J. L. J. Govaere ◽  
T. Rijsselaere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Before And After

The isolation, preservation, and identification of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells from fresh umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been extensively reported in humans. Although both types of stem cells may be of therapeutic interest in horses, data on equine UCB cells are scarce. In the present study, two separation methods to isolate stem and progenitor cells from equine UCB and two cryoprotectant solutions for their subsequent freezing were compared. Characterization of the isolated cells was evaluated flow cytometrically, based on the presence of the cytosolic enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), which has been shown to be highly expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells in a number of species. Cord blood was collected from 15 foals immediately after birth. While the placenta was still in utero, the umbilical cord was clamped and disinfected. A sterile blood bag collection system containing citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine anticoagulant was used to collect the UCB by gravity. The UCB units were stored at 4�C and processed within 36 h. Percoll density gradient separation and rouleaux formation induced by hydroxyethyl starch (HES) were tested in parallel on equal volumes of each UCB unit. The enriched progenitor cell fraction was cryopreserved at 10 � 106 nucleated cells mL–1 using two cryoprotectant solutions based on plasma or RPMI 1640, and both containing 10% DMSO and DNase I (20 IU mL–1). Before and after thawing, cells were labeled using a fluorescent ALDH substrate (Aldefluor�, StemCell Technologies SARL, Grenoble, France) including a negative control. Cell viability was simultaneously evaluated by means of exclusion of propidium iodide. Cryopreservation was performed using a programmable freezer (–1�C/min–1 until –70�C, then –10�C/min–1 until –140�C) prior to storage in liquid nitrogen. Results were analyzed statistically with a nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. The concentration of the isolated UCB cells ranged from 0.3 to 4 � 106 cells mL–1 for Percoll and from 0.4 to 7.3 � 106 cells mL–1 for HES. The average viability before and after freezing was 94% and 93% for Percoll-, and 93% and 94% for HES-separated cells, respectively. No significant differences in concentration or in viability were observed between both isolation procedures and both cryoprotectant solutions. Before freezing, the proportion of Aldefluor�-positive cells after Percoll and HES isolation ranged between 0.5 and 38% and between 1 and 60.5%, respectively. No significant differences were found. In conclusion, the percentage of ALDH-positive cells as determined by flow cytometry was highly variable between foals, but was independent of the isolation procedures used. Whether the isolated cells represent true progenitor cells remains to be confirmed. Ongoing, flow cytometrical experiments showed that the isolated cells are CD29+ and CD44+, which may be indicative for their mesenchymal origin.

Indication of lethal interactions between a solitary bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the German Baltic Sea

BMC Zoology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Gross ◽  
Philip Claus ◽  
Peter Wohlsein ◽  
Tina Kesselring ◽  
Jan Lakemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphin ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
First Record ◽  
Phocoena Phocoena ◽  
Cetacean Species ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Harbor Porpoises

Abstract Background Aggressive interactions between bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) have been reported in different parts of the world since the late 1990s. In the Baltic Sea, harbor porpoises are the only native cetacean species, while bottlenose dolphins may appear there temporarily. In the fall of 2016, a solitary male photo-identified bottlenose dolphin stayed in the German Baltic Sea of Schleswig-Holstein for 3 months. During that time, the necropsies of the stranded harbor porpoises revealed types of trauma of varying degrees in six animals, which is unusual in this area. The purpose of this study was to determine if the appearance of the bottlenose dolphin could be linked to the trauma of the harbor porpoise carcasses. Results Pathological findings in these animals included subcutaneous, thoracic and abdominal hemorrhages, multiple, mainly bilateral, rib fractures, and one instance of lung laceration. These findings correspond with the previously reported dolphin-caused injuries in other regions. Moreover, public sighting reports showed a spatial and temporal correlation between the appearance of the dolphin and the stranding of fatally injured harbor porpoises. Conclusion Despite the fact that no attack has been witnessed in German waters to date, our findings indicate the first record of lethal interactions between a bottlenose dolphin and harbor porpoises in the German Baltic Sea. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first report of porpoise aggression by a socially isolated bottlenose dolphin.

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