Antibacterial Activity against Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and Inhibitory
Activity of Monoamine Oxidase A & B by Persea americana “Avocado” Seed Extracts

This study reported various Persia americana seed extracts for the presence and total content of phytochemicals, antibacterial activity and inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase (MAO) A & B enzymes. Phytochemical studies showed that phenols, flavonoids and tannins were found in all the polar solvents. The highest antibacterial activity was exhibited against Gram-positive bacteria by acetone extract on Enterococcus faecium and methanol extract on Enterococcus faecalis. From the monoamine inhibition experiments, a significant inhibitory activity was observed from ethanolic extracts against MAO-A and from n-hexane extracts against MAO-B. This study demonstrates the antimicrobial activity of P. americana seed extracts against enterococci bacteria, E. faecium and E. faecalis. This finding offers hope of a potential new antibacterial compound in the treatment of these multidrug resistant bacteria.

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Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibition and Associated Antioxidant Activity in Plant Extracts with Potential Antidepressant Actions

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/4810394 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tomás Herraiz ◽

Hugo Guillén

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Lepidium Meyenii ◽

Protective Actions ◽

Mao A ◽

First Time ◽

Lower Production ◽

Seed Extracts

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amines and neurotransmitters and is involved in mood disorders, depression, oxidative stress, and adverse pharmacological reactions. This work studies the inhibition of human MAO-A by Hypericum perforatum, Peganum harmala, and Lepidium meyenii, which are reported to improve and affect mood and mental conditions. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO is determined in plant extracts for the first time. H. perforatum inhibited human MAO-A, and extracts from flowers gave the highest inhibition (IC50 of 63.6 μg/mL). Plant extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS and contained pseudohypericin, hypericin, hyperforin, adhyperforin, hyperfirin, and flavonoids. Hyperforin did not inhibit human MAO-A and hypericin was a poor inhibitor of this isoenzyme. Quercetin and flavonoids significantly contributed to MAO-A inhibition. P. harmala seed extracts highly inhibited MAO-A (IC50 of 49.9 μg/L), being a thousand times more potent than H. perforatum extracts owing to its content of β-carboline alkaloids (harmaline and harmine). L. meyenii root (maca) extracts did not inhibit MAO-A. These plants may exert protective actions related to antioxidant effects. Results in this work show that P. harmala and H. perforatum extracts exhibit antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO (i.e., lower production of H2O2).

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Comparison of solithromycin with erythromycin in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium from China: antibacterial activity, clonality, resistance mechanism, and inhibition of biofilm formation

The Journal of Antibiotics ◽

10.1038/s41429-020-00374-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 143-151

Author(s):

Yu Wang ◽

Yanpeng Xiong ◽

Zhanwen Wang ◽

Jinxin Zheng ◽

Guangjian Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Enterococcus Faecium ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Resistance Mechanism

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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Biflavonoids from Branches of Garcinia gardneriana (Clusiaceae)

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200411 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Angélica Recalde-Gil ◽

Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior ◽

Carolina dos Santos Passos ◽

Juliana Salton ◽

Sérgio Augusto de Loreto Bordignon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Spectrometric Data ◽

Mao B ◽

Inhibitory Compounds ◽

Mao A ◽

Mao Activity

Garcinia gardneriana is chemically characterized by the presence of biflavonoids. Taking into account that flavonoids are able to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, in the present study, the chemical composition of the branches’ extract of the plant is described for the first time and the MAO inhibitory activity of the isolated biflavonoids was evaluated. Based on spectroscopic and spectrometric data, it was possible to identify volkesiflavone, morelloflavone (1), Gb-2a (2) and Gb-2a-7- O-glucoside (3) in the ethyl acetate fraction from ethanol extract of the branches. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated in vitro and demonstrated the capacity to inhibit MAO-A activity with an IC50 ranging from 5.05 to 10.7 μM, and from 20.7 to 66.2 μM for MAO-B. These inhibitions corroborate with previous IC50 obtained for monomeric flavonoids, with a higher selectivity for MAO-A isoform. The obtained results indicate that biflavonoids might be promising structures for the identification of new MAO inhibitory compounds.

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Are Coumarin Derivatives The New Keys in Depression Treatment? In silico Key-lock Fitting Analysis of Coumarin Derivatives with Monoamine Oxidase-A

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY ◽

10.14805/jphchem.2020.art119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Dilara Karaman ◽

Kemal YELEKCI ◽

Serkan ALTUNTAS

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Protein Interactions ◽

In Silico ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Coumarin Derivatives ◽

Discovery Studio ◽

Mao B ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Mao A ◽

Molecular Modeling Studies

The research of ligand-protein interactions with in silico molecular modeling studies on the atomic level gives an opportunity to be understood the pharmacokinetic metabolism of anti-depressant drug candidates. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes are important targets for the treatment of depressive disorder. MAOs have two isoforms as MAO-A and MAO-B being responsible for catalyzing of neurological amines. In this study a new series of coumarin derivatives were designed for selective and reversible inhibition of MAO-A enzyme. 3rd, 5th and 7th positions were selected to be placed of five different side groups. Docking procedures of each ligand in M series of these novel 125 compounds were executed with 10 runs by using AutoDock4.2 software. Docking results were analyzed via Discovery Studio 3.1 (Biovia Inc.). The most promising compounds were M118 and M123 according to selectivity index, SI (MAO-B/MAO-A)=180 fold and 209 fold and Ki values 7.25 nM and 12.01 nM, respectively. Overall, the current study provided significant knowledge for the development of new anti-depressant drugs.

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Monoamine oxidase-A inhibitory activity of novel Curcumin analogues

JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY ◽

10.14805/jphchem.2015.art46 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (3-4) ◽

pp. 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vishnu Nayak Badavath ◽

İpek Baysal ◽

Gulberk Ucar ◽

Barij Nayan Sinha ◽

Susanta Kumar Mondal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Curcumin Analogues

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Polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter and Monoamine Oxidase A gene in patients with metastatic midgut carcinoid tumors

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4557 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 4557-4557

Author(s):

A. van der Horst-Schrivers ◽

E. de Vries ◽

P. Willemse ◽

I. Kema ◽

T. Links ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Serotonin Transporter ◽

Promoter Region ◽

Carcinoid Tumors ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Clinical Effects ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Midgut Carcinoid ◽

Mao A

4557 Background: In patients with metastatic midgut carcinoid tumors increased serotonin secretion is related to the carcinoid syndrome and mortality. Free serotonin is taken up via the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the liver and the lung and metabolized to 5- hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) by Monoamine Oxidase A (MAO-A). The 5-HTT gene has a functional polymorphism in the promoter region (5-HTTPLR), with a short (S, less active) and long (L) allele and a polymorphic region in the second intron with variable number tandem repeats (VNTR-2). The MAO-A gene contains a length polymorphism in its promoter region (MAOA-LPR). To determine the clinical effects of the serotonin metabolizing capacity of individual patients, the association between different genotypes and symptoms (flushes and diarrhea) and survival was studied. Methods: 107 patients with metastatic midgut carcinoid tumors were genotyped for 5-HTTPLR, VNTR-2 and MAO-A-LPR. Differences were tested using Chi-square test and survival according to genotypes was analyzed using Kaplan Meier survival curves and tested with a log rank test. The independent effect of genotypes on survival was studied with multivariate Cox regression analysis with adjustments for the urinary 5-HIAA level, age at presentation and the presence of liver metastases. Results: The various genotypic variants were not related to flushes or diarrhea. Patients with the SS variant of 5-HTTLPR had a shorter median survival (45 months, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.50–90) compared to patients with the LS (113 months, 95% CI 53–172) and the LL variant (90 months, 95% CI 64–115) (P=0.02). After adjustment, survival in patients with the SS variant remained worse with an odds ratio of 0.43 (95% CI 0.23–0.83; P=0.009) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.33–1.11; P=0.1) compared to patients with the LS and the LL variant respectively. Survival was not influenced by the VNTR-2 or MAOA-LPR. Conclusions: The SS genotype of the 5-HTTLPR is independently associated with a worse survival in patients with metastatic midgut carcinoid tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Involvement of Monoamine Oxidase a (MAO-A) in mitochondrial fission and autophagy during aging

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1856 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. P1856-P1856 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Vigneron ◽

C. Guilbeau-Frugier ◽

A. Parini ◽

J. Mialet-Perez

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Mitochondrial Fission ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Mao A

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Brain monoamine oxidase A in hyperammonemia is regulated by NMDA receptors

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-009-0016-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 321-326

Author(s):

Elena Kosenko ◽

Yury Kaminsky

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nmda Receptor ◽

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Nmda Receptors ◽

Monoamine Oxidase A ◽

Mk 801 ◽

Mao A ◽

Vitro Effect

AbstractMitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and is up-regulated by Ca2+ and presumably by ammonia. We hypothesized that MAO-A may be under the control of NMDA receptors in hyperammonemia. In this work, the in vivo effects of single dosing with ammonia and NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and the in vitro effect of Ca2+ on MAO-A activity in isolated rat brain mitochondria were studied employing enzymatic procedure. Intraperitoneal injection of rats with ammonia led to an increase in MAO-A activity in mitochondria indicating excessive H2O2 generation. Calcium added to isolated mitochondria stimulated MAO-A activity by as much as 84%. MK-801 prevented the in vivo effect of ammonia, implying that MAO-A activation in hyperammonemia is mediated by NMDA receptors. These data support the conclusion that brain mitochondrial MAO-A is regulated by the function of NMDA receptors. The enzyme can contribute to the oxidative stress associated with hyperammonemic conditions such as encephalopathy and Alzheimer’s disease. The attenuation of the oxidative stress highlights MAO-A inactivation and NMDA receptor antagonists as sources of novel avenues in the treatment of mental disorders.

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