scholarly journals Notes on taxonomy of Erysimum (Erysimeae, Cruciferae) of Russia and adjacent states. II. Middle Asian purple- and orange-flowered species

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. German
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Taxonomic Revision

Results of taxonomic revision of Middle Asian violet- and orange-flowered wallflowers are presented. Five (vs. eight as traditionally considered) species are recognised. Thus, A. Polatschek’s four-species concept introduced in 2010 is generally supported in terms of lower species diversity of the group in question, though nomenclature is updated in various details including the newly proposed assignment of E. jodonyx to synonymy of E. samarkandicum. Lectotypes are designated for the names E. cyaneum, E. epikeimenum, E. franchetii, E. purpureum var. turkestanicum, E. samarkandicum, E. tianschanicum and E. violascens var. tschimganicum; typification of E. franchetii established on the taxonomically heterogenous material is done in agreement with its existing usage as a synonym of E. samarkandicum (not E. violascens). Redundancy of lectotypification of E. alaicum for which the holotype is extant is demonstrated. Further aspects of systematics, nomenclature, morphology and geography of the treated species are briefly discussed as well.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of the genus Morinda L. (Rubiaceae) in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit C Das ◽  
M Atiqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Record ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Vernacular Names

The genus Morinda L. (Rubiaceae) has been revised for its species diversity in the flora of Bangladesh. The genus is represented by five species, viz., M. angustifolia Roxb., M. citrifolia L., M. persicaefolia Ham., M. pubescens Smith and M. umbellata L. Of these, M. pubescens Smith is a new record for Bangladesh. A key to the species with vernacular names, descriptions, illustrations, photographs, ecology, uses, geographical distribution and status of occurrence in the flora is provided. Key words: Taxonomy; Morinda; Rubiaceae; Bangladesh DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i2.9766 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(2): 113-120, 2011 (December)

A Taxonomic Revision of the genus Dialium (Leguminosae: Dialiinae) in the Netotropics

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCUS JOSÉ DE AZEVEDO FALCÃO JUNIOR ◽  
RAFAEL BARBOSA PINTO ◽  
VIDAL DE FREITAS MANSANO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
The State ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Dense Coverage

Dialium (Leguminosae, Dialiinae) is pantropical and comprises about 40 species. Presently, only one species occurs in the Neotropics, Dialium guianense, which is found from eastern Mexico to northeastern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objective of this study was to carry out a thorough taxonomic revision of Dialium in the Neotropics, to determine if species diversity of the genus in this region is underestimated. The study analyzed 765 collections, from 18 herbaria throughout the world, which revealed three groups of specimens that clearly differ from each other and from D. guianense. Morphology and biogeography support their recognition as new species. Dialium hexaestaminatum occurs in northern Colombia and western Venezuela, and is characterized by generally having six stamens, while the other neotropical species have only two. Dialium congestum occurs in Ecuador and southern Colombia and is mainly characterized by the presence of congested inflorescences, unlike the lax inflorescences found in the other neotropical species.  Dialium rondoniense occurs in the state of Rondônia and the most southern part of the state of Amazonas, Brazil. It is characterized by the dense coverage of trichomes on the abaxial surface of the leaflets, as well as the petiolules, petioles, leaf rachis and branches, while the other neotropical species are generally glabrous or covered with sparse trichomes that are imperceptible to the bare eye. The results show that the diversity of Dialium in the Neotropics was underestimated and that the genus has four species in the region. An identification key, illustrations and descriptions of the species are provided.

Unraveling the white-clothed Diestostemma Amyot & Serville: a taxonomic revision of the American sharpshooters of the D. bituberculatum complex (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4281 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÂNGELO PARISE PINTO ◽  
GABRIEL MEJDALANI ◽  
DANIELA MAEDA TAKIYA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Status ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
New Geographical Record ◽  
General Appearance

The taxonomy of the Proconiini genus Diestostemma Amyot & Serville is revisited and the D. bituberculatum species complex is proposed to include D. bituberculatum (Signoret), D. rubriventris (Schmidt), and four new species. A revision of this species complex includes a new geographical record for D. rubriventris and description and illustration of three Ecuadorian and one Brazilian new species based on males and females: D. albinoi sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province), D. cavichiolii sp. nov. (Brazil: Mato Grosso State), D. gervasioi sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province), and D. olivia sp. nov. (Ecuador: Orellana Province). These species, all named as homages to the treehopper specialist Dr. Albino Morimasa Sakakibara and his former students, are very similar to D. bituberculatum in general appearance, differing mainly by the shape of the male and female terminalia, but also by slight aspects of the external morphology. The status of the name-bearing specimen of D. rubriventris is modified from lectotype to holotype. The study shows that the species diversity of Diestostemma is far from being entirely known. However, several old available names should be evaluated in a full revision context before description of other new species. 

scholarly journals Variation of plumage patterns, geographic distribution and taxonomy of the Unicolored Blackbird (Aves: Icteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4221 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
LEONARDO ESTEVES LOPES
Keyword(s):  
Species Concept ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Biological Species Concept ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Phylogenetic Species Concept ◽  
Marsh Bird

The Unicolored Blackbird Agelasticus cyanopus (Vieillot, 1819) is a marsh bird with four allopatric subspecies restricted to lowlands in South America east of the Andes. I conducted a taxonomic revision of the species based on analysis of external morphological characters of 288 study skins, including all types available. My revision shows that: 1) Leistes unicolor Swainson, 1838, is a senior synonym of A. c. xenicus (Parkes, 1966) and, therefore, the correct name of the taxon should be A. c. unicolor (Swainson, 1838); 2) the range of A. c. unicolor (Swainson, 1838) is much wider than previously thought, extending from the mouth of the Rio Amazonas to the state of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, where it intergrades with A. c. atroolivaceus (zu Wied-Neuwied, 1831); 3) A. c. atroolivaceus extends its range well beyond the coast of Rio de Janeiro, reaching the coast of São Paulo, the central part of Minas Gerais, Bahia and Espírito Santo; and 4) specimens attributed to A. c. beniensis are highly variable, so this name must be considered a subjective junior synonym of the nominotypical taxon. Under the Biological Species Concept, two broadly parapatric species should be recognized, A. cyanopus and A. atroolivaceus (including unicolor as a subspecies). Under the Phylogenetic Species Concept or the General Lineage Concept of Species, the best taxonomic treatment is to recognize three species: A. cyanopus, A. atroolivaceus, and A. unicolor. 

scholarly journals A taxonomic monograph of the liphistiid spider genus Heptathela, endemic to Japanese islands

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 1-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Hirotsugu Ono ◽  
Matjaž Kuntner ◽  
Fengxiang Liu ◽  
Daiqin Li
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
Multiple Species

Among the eight extant genera of primitively segmented spiders, family Liphistiidae, two are confined to East Asian islands, Heptathela Kishida, 1923 and Ryuthela Haupt, 1983. In this paper, a taxonomic revision of the genus Heptathela (Heptathelinae) from Kyushu and Ryukyu archipelago, Japan is provided. This study follows a multi-tier species delimitation strategy within an integrative taxonomic framework that is presented in a parallel paper, in which diagnosable lineages are considered as valid species. There, the initial hypothesis of species diversity (19) based on classical morphological diagnoses is tested with multiple species delimitation methods aimed at resolving conflict in data. This revision follows those analyses that converge on the species diversity of 20, which includes a pair of cryptic species that would have been undetected with morphology alone. After this revision, eight previously described species remain valid, two junior synonyms are proposed, and 12 new Heptathela species are described based on diagnostic evidence. To ease identification and to hint at putative evolutionary units, Heptathela is divided into three groups. The Kyushu group contains H. higoensis Haupt, 1983, H. kikuyai Ono, 1998, H. kimurai (Kishida, 1920), and H. yakushimaensis Ono, 1998; the Amami group contains H. amamiensis Haupt, 1983, H. kanenoi Ono, 1996, H. kojimasp. nov., H. sumiyosp. nov., and H. ukensp. nov.; and the Okinawa group contains H. yanbaruensis Haupt, 1983, H. ahasp. nov., H. gayozansp. nov., H. kubayamasp. nov., H. maesp. nov., H. otohasp. nov., H. shurisp. nov., H. tokashikisp. nov., H. untensp. nov., and H. cryptasp. nov.Heptathela helios Tanikawa & Miyashita, 2014 is not assigned to a species group. A combination of diagnostic tools augments the morphological diagnoses that, in isolation, would be prone to error in morphologically challenging groups of organisms.

scholarly journals Studying species definitions for mutual nonexclusiveness

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS MCCABE
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Species Definitions

In the absence of a single universally accepted species concept, taxonomists rely on working conventions when defining species. One such convention is based on the intuition that no specimen is in more than one existing species: species are disjoint and their definitions should be mutually exclusive. When two species definitions both describe one and the same specimen, the two definitions are not mutually exclusive and do not conform to this assumption. Uncorrected, such nonexclusive species definitions make taxonomic indistinctness. Here the author, after exploring the notion of mutual nonexclusiveness, presents simple ways to revise or replace a pair of currently accepted species definitions if they are found to be mutually nonexclusive. The author shows some possible consequences of not doing so in two important areas of biologic research—species diversity studies, and heterospecific hybridization experiments. There is a semiformal discussion of nonexclusiveness in an appendix.

STUDIES ON THE GENUS KALICEPHALUS (NEMATODA: DIAPHANOCEPHALIDAE): II. A TAXONOMIC REVISION OF THE GENUS KALICEPHALUS MOLIN, 1861

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Schad
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
As Species ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Species Inquirendae

According to some recent authors, the genus Kalicephalus, constituted of approximately 50 species, is characterized by marked intraspecific variation, but the sources of this variation were not identified. Marked morphological variability is herein confirmed for some species, but this is often geographical or host-determined. The latter is difficult to prove without experimental cross-infection studies, but host-determined variation occurring in nature is provisionally identified by a method described. Application of a polytypic species concept permits a simplified classification and a revision of the genus with the following major results. The number of species is reduced from 50 to 23, including five new species, viz. Kalicephalus giganteus from Liasis papuanus, K. truncatus from Python curtus, K. longispicularis from Python reticulatus, (all from snakes dying in zoos), K. posterovulvus from several oriental snakes, and K. megacephalus from Varanus indicus in the Solomon Islands. K. variabilis is a new name for K. gongylophis of Hsü (not Maplestone). K. parvus, K. micrurus, and K. indicus are considered subspecies of K. costatus; K. macrovulvus and K. coronellae as subspecies of K. inermis; and K. chungkingensis and K. obliquus as subspecies of K. viperae. K. rectiphilus neorectiphilus subsp. n. is described from the Neotropical colubrids Herpetodryas carinatus and Eudryas bifossatus. The genera Occipitodontus Ortlepp and Kalicephaloides Yeh are not accepted. Nine forms are listed as species inquirendae. A host–parasite catalogue is appended.

A revision of Attalea (Arecaceae, Arecoideae, Cocoseae, Attaleinae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 444 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-76
Author(s):  
ANDREW HENDERSON
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Concept ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Phylogenetic Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Species Concept ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Qualitative Variables

A taxonomic revision of the neotropical palm genus Attalea based on morphological data was carried out. Nine hundred and two herbarium specimens were scored for 21 quantitative and 33 qualitative variables. Using the Phylogenetic Species Concept, qualitative variables were used to recognize 30 species. These are widely distributed in Central and South America from Mexico to Bolivia and Paraguay, with one species in Haiti. Nomenclature, descriptions, and distribution maps are provided for each species. Qualitative variables are illustrated, and illustrations of 22 living plants are also provided.

The freshwater diatom genus Kobayasiella (Bacillariophyta) in Tasmania, Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vanhoutte ◽  
E. Verleyen ◽  
W. Vyverman ◽  
V. Chepurnov ◽  
K. Sabbe
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Benthic Diatom ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Diatom Communities ◽  
Diatom Genus ◽  
Freshwater Diatom

Representatives of the diatom genus Kobayasiella Lange-Bertalot (Bacillariophyta) are common in benthic diatom communities of oligotrophic and dystrophic highland lakes in Tasmania Australia. A taxonomic revision of this genus revealed the presence of four unknown taxa, which are here formally described. Kobayasiella acidophila sp. nov., K.�australis sp. nov., K.�hodgsonii sp. nov. and K.�tasmanica sp. nov. differ from all described Kobayasiella species in dimensions and stria density (K.�acidophila, K.�hodgsonii), the presence of elongated areolae at the valve apex (K.�australis) or the presence of multiple longitudinal ridges on the valve face (K.�tasmanica). Kobayasiella�hodgsonii was the most widespread and abundant species. It closely resembles Kobayasiella saxicola (Manguin) Lange-Bertalot, which was originally described from New Caledonia. However, specimens belonging to the former species were consistently narrower in comparison with the type specimens of K.�saxicola. Given the small size and inconspicuous features of most representatives of the genus Kobayasiella, its global species diversity has almost certainly been underestimated.

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