scholarly journals Haematological Evaluation in Patients of Pancytopenia by Bone Marrow Aspiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 1398-1402
Author(s):  
Pallavi Agrawal ◽  
Yogesh Singh ◽  
Nutan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Uncommon Condition

BACKGROUND Pancytopenia is a reduction in all three major series of formed elements of blood i.e. erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets. Pancytopenia is not an uncommon condition encountered in day to day clinical practice. The underlying aetiology of pancytopenia determines the management and prognosis of patients. Bone marrow aspiration is a minimally invasive, out-patient procedure which provides definitive diagnosis in a case of pancytopenia. In developing countries like India, the causes of pancytopenia are not well defined, hence, we conducted this study in Bundelkhand region of India to evaluate causes of pancytopenia. We wanted to evaluate haematological findings in patients of pancytopenia, and to study bone marrow findings by bone marrow aspiration to understand the underlying aetiology of pancytopenia. METHODS This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at MLB Medical College, Jhansi, among 65 patients over a one and a half year period from March 2018 to September 2019, to evaluate the causes of pancytopenia. RESULTS We found that out of 65 cases, 32 cases were of megaloblastic anaemia (49.23 %), 20 cases were of dimorphic anaemia (30.77 %), 6 cases were of hypersplenism (9.23 %), 4 cases were of subleukemic leukemia (6.15 %), 2 cases of aplastic anaemia (3.7 %) and 1 case was of myelodysplastic syndrome (1.54 %). CONCLUSIONS Along with detailed clinical examination and complete blood count, bone marrow examination is indispensable to diagnose the aetiology of pancytopenia, thereby helping clinician in planning management of these patients. KEY WORDS Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic Anaemia, Dimorphic Anaemia, Bone Marrow Examination

scholarly journals Clinicohaematological & Aetiological Profile of Bicytopenic / Pancytopenic Children in Dehradun, India - A 5-Year Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 1347-1352
Author(s):  
Neelima Bahal ◽  
Avneesh Malviya ◽  
Sana Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Trephine Biopsy ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Paediatric Age

BACKGROUND Cytopenia (bicytopenia / pancytopenia) in paediatric age group patients presents with variable clinical features from pallor, fever to organomegaly. Causes vary from megaloblastic anaemia to fatal leukaemias. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the etiological and clinico-haematological profile in children with bicytopenia and pancytopenia. METHODS The present retrospective study was carried out in the section of haematology, Department of Pathology of Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Dehradun. All paediatric cases (up to 18 yrs.) with bone marrow examination, that were presented as bicytopenia or pancytopenia by routine haematological investigations were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 126 cases were included in the study, out of which, bone marrow aspiration was done in all 126 cases and trephine biopsy was done in only 78 cases. In our study, bicytopenia and pancytopenia was seen in 57.9 % and 42.1 % cases respectively. Most cases were recorded in 2nd decade. Pallor and fever were frequently observed clinical features in both cytopenias. Splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly were observed more in bicytopenia (34.2 %, 28.8 % and 27.4 % respectively). Bleeding and petechial rash were more common in pancytopenia (30.2 % and 20.8 % respectively). Anaemia and thrombocytopenia (67.1 %) were commonest combinations of bicytopenia followed by anaemia and leucopenia (26.0 %) and thrombocytopenia and leucopenia (6.8 %). CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy are important diagnostic tools in evaluating the cases of cytopenia. Both procedures are complementary to each other. KEY WORDS Bicytopenia, Pancytopenia, Megaloblastic Anaemia, Leukemia, Children

EVALUATION OF PANCYTOPENIA IN ADULTS PATIENTS OF BIHAR

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Rachana Rachana ◽  
Nivedita Singh ◽  
Om Prakash Diwedi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Detailed Clinical History

INTRODUCTION– Pancytopenia usually indicates presence of serious underlying disease. Determining the etiology of pancytopenia is important for appropriate management of the patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES- This study was undertaken to identify the etiological factors leading to pancytopenia in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar. MATERIAL AND METHODS– This was a prospective study conducted over 12 months in the department of pathology, Nalanda medical college, Patna. The study included adult patients (>18yrs) who had pancytopenia in complete blood count. Relevant blood tests and bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) were done to delineate the etiology of pancytopenia. RESULTS– The commonest cause of pancytopenia in our study was aplastic anemia (46.67%) followed by megaloblastic anemia (23.33%) and hematological malignancies (acute leukemia and lymphoma- 15%). Other causes include infective diseases (kala-azar, malaria and tuberculosis), hypersplenism and hemophagocytosis. CONCLUSION- Determination of etiology of pancytopenia needs detailed clinical history and physical examination, and appropriate hematological tests and bone marrow examination.

scholarly journals Interpretation of bone marrow aspiration in hematological disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pudasaini ◽  
KBR Prasad ◽  
SK Rauniyar ◽  
R Shrestha ◽  
K Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Erythroid Hyperplasia ◽  
Hematological Disorder

Background: Hematological disorders are quite frequent in all age group. Most of this hematological disorder first present as anemia. Bone Marrow Aspiration plays a major role in the diagnosis of its underlying cause. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of hematological disorders, its spectrum and to interprete the bone marrow aspiration findings.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective study carried out in the department of Pathology of Nepal Medical College in a period of two years. (July 2010 - June 2012). Bone marrow examination of 57 cases of suspected hematological disorders was carried out. All details of the patients were obtained from the record file in the department of pathology.Results: Out of 57 cases of bone marrow aspiration, erythroid hyperplasia was seen in 12 cases (21%). Megaloblastic anemia was seen in 7 cases (12.3%) and microcytic anemia was seen in 4 cases (7%). There were 6 cases (10.5%) of Idiopathic Thrombocypenic Purpura. Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 7 cases (12.3%) and among this acute myeloid leukemia (10.5%) was more common than acute lymphoid leukemia (1.8%). Myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple myeloma was seen in 3.5 % cases each. Aplastic anemia and kalaazar was seen in 5.3% and 1.8% cases respectively.Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is an important step to arrive at the confirmatory diagnosis of many hematological disorders.Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2012) Vol. 2, 309-312DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i4.6885

Pancytopenia and Progressive Splenomegaly in Patient with Disseminated Histoplasmosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Paulus Budiono Notopuro ◽  
Arifoel Hajat ◽  
Made Putra Sedana
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Spleen Size ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Severe Manifestation

Disseminated histoplasmosis is a severe manifestation of fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It usuallyoccurs in a patient with an immunodeficiency state. With the increase of HIV infection and the use of immunosuppressantdrugs lately, its prevalence also increases. A case of 43 years old female with prolonged fever, pancytopenia, and massiveprogressive splenomegaly. The diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis and the secondary hemophagocytic syndromewas made based on bone marrow examination that showed increased hemophagocytic processes and multipleintracytoplasmic H.capsulatum. She had been treated with Itraconazole 200 mg for three months. In the first month'sevaluation, her complete blood count improved without any transfusions, and the size of her spleen size decreased. She hadbeen fully recovered after the completion of 3-month treatment.

scholarly journals Frequency of causes of pancytopenia in a private hospital in Kathmandu

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suspana Hirachand ◽  
R Singh ◽  
S Lama
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Aplastic Anaemia ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Megaloblastic Anaemia ◽  
Erythroid Hyperplasia ◽  
Common Causes

Background: Pancytopenia is not a disease entity but a triad of findings that result from a number of disease processes. These disorders may affect bone marrow either primarily or secondarily, resulting in the manifestation of pancytopenia. Objective: To identify the various causes of pancytopenia in patients attending to Star hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: Fifty two patients with pancytopenia were included in this study from June 2011 to June 2012. Complete blood count, peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsies were performed according to standard methods. Results: Out of 52 cases, there were 26 cases(50%) of aplastic anaemia, 18 cases(34.61%) of megaloblastic anaemia, 4 cases(7.69%) of acute leukemia, 2cases(3.84%) of erythroid hyperplasia, 1 case(1.92%) of metastatic tumor and 1 case(1.92%) of multiple myeloma. Conclusion: Aplastic anaemia and megaloblastic anaemia were the most common causes of pancytopenia in this study. Health Renaissance, January-April 2013; Vol. 11 No.1; 134-137 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v11i2.8220

Normal Reference Values of Complete Blood Count in Healthy Adult Population of Pakistan; A Multicentre Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3040-3042
Author(s):  
Neelam Mazhar ◽  
Sarah Rafi ◽  
Saima Farhan ◽  
Shazia Yaseen ◽  
Nisar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Normal Reference

Aim: To establish the reference values of hematological parameters in blood donors of all the four provinces of Pakistan as a general population. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted from Jan 2017-Oct 2017 in the blood bank and the Dept. of Haematology, The CH&ICH, Lahore, Fatimid Foundation, Karachi, Bolan medical college, Quetta, Armed Forces Institute of Transfusion, Rawalpindi & Ayub medical college, Abbottabad, KPK. Blood samples of 1060 male and female blood donors were collected from the blood banks of all the centers mentioned above. CBC and differential were performed using an automated hematology analyzer in the respective departments. Results: The mean and 95% reference values (2.5th-97.5th) for males WBC 7.752+4.506×109 cells/L, RBC 4.958 +1.331, HB 14.258 +3.423 g/dl, HCT 41.967 +16.345, MCV 84.584 +15.933, PLT 219.485 +197.331, LYM 3.346 +10.112, NEUT 6.843+23.557, MONO 0.811 +3.601, EO 0.327 +0.995. For females WBC 7.174+3.037, RBC4.567 +1.086, HB 12.972 +2.752, HCT39.647 +48.186, PLT 264.07+175.079, LYM 2.537+5.005, NEUT 4.769+11.314, MONO 0.460 +0.909, EO 0.188+0.39 Conclusion: The hematological profile of the population in all four provinces of Pakistan differed from the reports of other countries and the standard reference ranges described in the textbook. So, our own hematological parameters must be followed. More studies must be carried out on other age groups and even on adults to strengthen our results. Keywords: Normal reference values, Complete blood count, Healthy adults of Pakistan

scholarly journals Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid‑Dependent Pseudothrombocytopenia in Patient Previously Treated as Dengue Fever

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Hendra Wana Nur’amin ◽  
Muhammad Darwin Prenggono ◽  
Wivina Riza Devi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Normal Platelet ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Bleeding Manifestation ◽  
Secondary Hospital

Abstract: One of the most widely used anticoagulants for a complete blood count is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).  Pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) may be caused by EDTA, this condition may lead to inappropriate diagnosis and treatment. We report a 25-year-old female with unspecific headache and joint pain with very low platelet count since 1 month before hospital admission. She was diagnosed with Dengue fever infection and got some platelet transfusion from the previous secondary hospital. She was carried out for a blood test with another anticoagulant (sodium citrate) and bone marrow aspiration. The results showed that she had normal platelet count and bone marrow cellularity. When a patient was identified with thrombocytopenia without any bleeding manifestation, hematology disease, and family history, PTCP should be taken into consideration to prevent unnecessary intervention. Keywords: platelet, pseudothrombocytopenia, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Dengue fever

scholarly journals TO DETERMINE THE FREQUENCY OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN PERIPHERAL CYTOPENIC PATIENT IN PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT HAYATABAD MEDICAL COMPLEX.

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-566
Author(s):  
ZARD ALI KHAN ◽  
MOHAMMAD SAJJAD ◽  
IMRAN UD DIN ◽  
MUKAMIL SHAH ◽  
SHAH JEHAN
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Bone Marrow Examination ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pathology Department ◽  
Case Series Study

BACKGROUND: Visceral Leishmaniasis is a chronic disease and was first described in 1903, byLIESHMAN and DONOVAN. The disease is common in tropical and sub tropical areas of the worldwith various hematological manifestations. It is characterized by fever, visceromegaly, weight loss,pancytopenia and hypergammaglobulenemia. The disease is silent killer, invariably killing almost alluntreated patients, but curable with hematological improvement within 4-6 weeks of treatment.OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of Visceral Leishmaniasis in patints with cytopenias .MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive study conducted in Pathology department, HayatabadMedical Complex, Hayatabad from September 1, 2012 to August 31, 2013. This study comprises of 126patients, subjected to complete blood counts. Diagnosis were confirmed by finding Amastigote( L/Dbody) from bonemarrow aspirate. All the patients who were referred to pathology Department of thehospital for bone marrow examination, with the results of peripheral blood using automatedHaematology analyzer, Sysmex KX 21 showing cytopenia were included in the study. Consent wastaken from the patient for bone-marrow aspiration procedure. After consent detailed history, physicalexamination was done.Laboratory investigations i.e. full blood count, which includes hemoglobin estimation, white blood cell,red blood, and platelet count.Bone marrow cytology (Giemsa stain) was recorded on the designed profroma.Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) was used as the site for aspiration in adults and children over 2years of ageRESULT: Descriptive case series study of 126 patients of peripheral cytopenia. In which 77 (61.1%)patients were males and 49 (38.9%) were female with male to female ratio of 1.57: 1 It was also foundin this study that visceral leishmaniasis was present in 29 (23%) of cases and the male: female were 1.6:1. Result of the automated hematology analyzer of peripheral cytopenic patients in visceralleishmaniasis show that all of the patients were having total leukocyte count less than 4000/cmm(100%). The hemoglobin level wass less than lOgm/dl in 26 cases (87.7%) and more than lOgm/dl inthree cases (10.3%). In case of platelets count, 27 cases (93.1%) were having platelets count less than150000/cmm.CONCLUSION: Incidence of visceral leishmaniasis is highier in children age group 1-10 years, alsomales are more prone than females. Leukopenia is recorded in all (100%) of the cases, followed bythrombocytopenia (93.1%) and anemia (Hb <10gm %) 87.7% cases.KEY WORD: Visceral Leishmaniasis, Kala Azar, Amastigote (L/D body)

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