scholarly journals Sternal Involvement in Anterior Mediastinal Seminoma - A Rare Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 1799-1802
Author(s):  
Rajasbala Pradeep Dhande ◽  
Shirish V. Vaidya ◽  
Megha Manoj ◽  
Rohan Kumar Singh ◽  
Harshith Gowda K.B.
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Local Invasion ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
Mediastinal Tumours ◽  
Mediastinal Seminoma

Primary malignant extra gonadal germ cell tumours (GCT) of mediastinum are very rare tumours, comprising 1 - 4 % of all mediastinal tumours.1 Even though they are rare tumours of mediastinum, they should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumours in young adults. Primary malignant GCT can be divided into 2 groups: Seminomatous and non-seminomatous tumours. Mature teratomas (non-seminomatous) are the most common primary malignant germ cell tumours of mediastinum.2 Non-seminomatous tumours tend to be more aggressive than seminomatous tumours present as heterogeneous masses with areas of necrosis and show local invasion. Seminomas usually present as lobulated homogeneous masses and rarely show signs of local invasion. These tumours usually present with asymptomatic lesions or with symptoms due to compression of adjacent structures and usually have a better prognosis than non-seminomatous tumours. Here, we present a case of primary malignant extra gonadal seminoma with sternal involvement.

scholarly journals Breaking down barriers: improving outcomes for teenagers and young adults with germ cell tumours

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Murray ◽  
Lorna A. Fern ◽  
Daniel P. Stark ◽  
Tim O. Eden ◽  
James C. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rate Of Improvement

Teenagers and young adults (TYA) with cancer have complex and evolving needs which are unique to this patient group. The TYA age-group have outcomes that are not improving over time, lagging behind both adult and children’s cancers in their rate of improvement in recent years...

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS OF GERM CELL TUMORS OF EXTRAGONADAL LOCALIZATION IN TERMS OF ALGORITHMS FOR DETECTING METASTASIS OF CARCINOMAS OF UNKNOWN PRIMARY LOCALIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
О.V. Poslavska
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Immunohistochemical Investigation ◽  
Primary Localization

The analysis of cases of extragonadal teratomas makes it clear that tumours derived from germ cells and mainly characteristic of adult gonads can also occur in other areas, such as the anterior mediastinum (thymus) and midline brain (germinomas of the epiphysis and the area above the Turkish saddle), that requires differential diagnosis with metastases of carcinomas of other origin. Accurate diagnosis of estrogenic germ-cell tumours by only routine staining with haematoxylin-eosin requires high expertise and experience due to their non-specific clinical symptoms and variability of morphological characteristics. Tumour morphologists consider that immunohistochemical investigation plays an important role in accurate histological diagnosis of these tumours. The goal of this study is to explore the expression features of immunohistochemical markers and morphometric parameters of the area, perimeter and "roundness" of the nuclei in various types of extragonadal germ-cell tumours compared to similar primary ovarian / testicular tumours in order to improve diagnostic algorithms. A study was conducted on biopsy or postoperative samples taken from 8 patients (group 1) with extragonadal germ-cell tumours and from 16 patients with primary germ cell tumours of testicles / ovaries (group 2). The diagnoses were confirmed by immunohistochemical investigation on the basis of the pathologic department of the “Pharmacy of Medical Academy” Diagnostic Centre for 2015 to 2018. PLAP and CD117 had the highest percentage of expression in seminomas and gerninomas of both studied groups; morphological parameters were 3-fold higher in area and ̴2-fold higher around the perimeter then the values of normal lymphocytes (p<0.05). Expression of markers CD30, EMA and CK AE1/3 was diagnostically significant in samples of embryonic carcinoma, and morphological parameters ̴were  ̴ 2.1 times higher in area and ̴ 1.7 along the perimeter that exceeded the values of normal lymphocytes (p<0.05). αFP-positive staining was indicative of yolk sac tumours, which morphological parameters were more than ̴ 1.7 times higher in the area and ̴ 1.5 times higher along the perimeter compared with the normal lymphocytes (p<0.05). Taking into account the variability of morphological characteristics and the possibility of extragonadal location of tumours derived from germ cells, immunohistochemical research supported by morphometry is an important tool in the differential diagnosis of carcinomas of unknown primary localization.

scholarly journals RARE-06. CANADIAN PATTERNS OF PRACTICE FOR INTRACRANIAL GERM CELL TUMOURS IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. vi212-vi213
Author(s):  
Andrea Lo ◽  
Normand Laperriere ◽  
David Hodgson ◽  
Eric Bouffet ◽  
James Nicholson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Patterns Of Practice

scholarly journals GERM CELL TUMOURS OF THE OVARY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: A CLINICAL STUDY OF 109 PATIENTS IN A SPECIALIZED CANCER CENTRE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ul Islam Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Fahd Shah ◽  
Awais Amjad Malik ◽  
Abdul Wahid Anwer ◽  
Amir Ali Syed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Tumour Marker ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour ◽  
Histologic Types ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team Meetings

Objective: Paediatric ovarian germ cell tumours (GCTs) are rare tumours withmalignant tumours extremely rare.Methods: All the paediatric patients who received treatment for histology proven ovarian GCT at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital from January 2006 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients over the age of 18 years were excluded from the study. A total of 109 patients were included in the study. A set of parameters were identified to record initial clinical presentation and examination, imaging and laboratory investigations including tumour marker levels. Decisions of multidisciplinary team meetings, surgical treatment, neo adjuvant, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation data retrieved. Data analysiscarried out using SPSS 20.Results: In total 109 girls presented to our hospital during the study period, most of them above the age of 5 years, with dysgerminoma being the most common followed by yolk sac tumour. Most of the patients received treatment outside our hospital and were referred here for chemoradiotherapy. Fertility preserving surgery was the most commonly performed surgical procedure with a mean follow-up of 50.4 months and >75% overall 5-year survival.Conclusion: Regardless of histologic types, the outcomes of GCT can be improved with a multidisciplinary approach.Key words: Dysgerminomas, germ cell tumours, ovarian tumours

scholarly journals Breaking down barriers: improving outcomes for teenagers and young adults with germ cell tumours

10.4081/95 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Murray ◽  
Lorna A. Fern ◽  
Daniel P. Stark ◽  
Tim O. Eden ◽  
James C. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults

The spectrum of cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs): An observational study in a single institution from 2015-2019.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13629-e13629
Author(s):  
Wei Lin Goh ◽  
Jiancheng Hong ◽  
Evelyn Wong ◽  
Victoria Wong ◽  
Daniel Quah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types

e13629 Background: Cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAOs) refers to patients diagnosed with a malignancy between 16 and 39 years old. This is thought to be 5% in the Western population. The exact incidence and distribution in Asia is uncertain although the WHO estimated 650 000 AYAs to be newly diagnosed in this part of the world in 2018. There is limited data on the incidence and epidemiology on AYAs in Asia, but it is known from the western literature that the distribution of cancer types, clinico-pathological features and outcomes in this population is very different. We therefore, sought to evaluate the pattern of cancer types among the different age groups of the AYA population seen in a high-volume single Asian tertiary cancer centre. Methods: We undertook a retrospective observational study of all patients diagnosed with cancer between 16 and 39 years old who presented to the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS) from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Results: A total of 2583 cases was observed during the 5-year period. The male: female ratio was 1:1.75. The majority of the patients were between of 35-39 years (y) ( n= 1128, 44.0%). The most common cancer across the different age groups in females were sarcoma (16-19 y), hematologic malignancies (20-24 y) and breast cancer (25-29 y, 30-34 y and 35-39 y). The most common cancer across the different age groups in males were hematologic malignancies (16-19 y), germ cell tumours (20-24 y), germ cell tumours, hematologic malignancies and sarcoma (25-29 y), hematologic malignancies (30-34 y) and colorectal cancers (35-39 y). The majority of the patients presented were localized disease (38.3%), while 19.4% presented with lymphatic involvement. Amongst 507 (19.6%) patients presenting with metastatic disease, 126 patients have deceased. Conclusions: This population has unique characteristics compared to their geriatric and pediatric counterparts. With an increased incidence and expected longer survivals, more efforts are needed to better understand the clinicopathological features of the AYA population. This will enable us to better survival rates and long-term treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Breaking down barriers: improving outcomes for teenagers and young adults with germ cell tumours

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Murray ◽  
Lorna A. Fern ◽  
Daniel P. Stark ◽  
Tim O. Eden ◽  
James C. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults

scholarly journals GERM-08. EARLIER RECOGNITION OF SYMPTOMS AND DIAGNOSIS MAY REDUCE TREATMENT AND LATE EFFECT BURDEN IN CHILDREN, TEENAGERS AND YOUNG ADULTS WITH INTRACRANIAL GERM CELL TUMOURS

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. i84-i85
Author(s):  
James Hayden ◽  
Ute Bartels ◽  
Anthony Penn ◽  
Matthew Murray ◽  
Gabriele Calaminus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Late Effect ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults
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