scholarly journals Study of Acute Effect of Caffeine on Cognition among Adults - A Cross Sectional Study from Puducherry, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
pp. 2924-2927
Author(s):  
Krishnan S ◽  
Smisha Mohan ◽  
Jeneth Berlin Raj T ◽  
Manikandan S
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Flicker Fusion

BACKGROUND Information processing has substantial role in performing intellectual activities such as thinking, reasoning, remembering, imagining, or learning. Caffeine being a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, improves mental performance, especially on alertness, attention, concentration and learning depending on the quantity of intake. In the present study, an attempt was made to study the effect of caffeine on cognitive processing in healthy individuals. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 subjects at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) questionnaire was utilized to assess the level of cognition of each subject. Visual reaction time (VRT), auditory reaction time (ART) and critical fusion frequency (CFF) prior and after consumption of 75 mg of caffeine in 200 ml of milk, pre and post reaction time measurement were taken from the subject to address the difference in reaction time. RESULTS Both visual and auditory reaction time were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) after intake of caffeine. The ability of the subject to appreciate the flickering light stimuli to be steady (critical flicker fusion frequency) had significantly improved to 15 % after caffeine intake. CONCLUSIONS Decrease in visual and auditory reaction and increase in critical flicker fusion frequency values indicate that caffeine increases alertness thereby it may enhance performance efficiency in reasoning, planning, judgment, organizing, concept formation, and problem solving. KEY WORDS Visual Reaction Time, Auditory Reaction Time, MoCA

scholarly journals How does cognitive function measured by the reaction time and critical flicker fusion frequency correlate with the academic performance of students?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Prabu Kumar ◽  
Abirami Omprakash ◽  
Maheshkumar Kuppusamy ◽  
Maruthy K.N. ◽  
Sathiyasekaran B.W.C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background The reaction time (RT) is “the time taken for the appearance of rapid voluntary reaction by an individual following a stimulus, either auditory or visual” and the Critical Flickering Fusion Frequency (CFFF) is “the rate at which successively presented light stimuli appear to be steady and continuous”. RT and CFFF are commonly used for the assessment of cognitive functions that are known to influence academic performance. However, data about the exact correlation between these are scarce, particularly in India. This research aimed to study the association between visual RT (VRT), auditory RT (ART) and CFFF and their impact on the academic performance of undergraduate students. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 students of Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at a private medical university in South India, during the period from 2015 to 2017. The VRT, ART and CFFF were evaluated, and the best out of three subsequent attempts was recorded. The mean score (in percentage) of the three best marks out of the five internal assessments for the course during each academic year was considered for analysis. The association between the different cognitive tests and the average academic performance was analysed. Results Female students had faster VRT (n = 345, mean = 243.97, SD = 83.87) than male students (n = 273, mean = 274.86, SD = 96.97) (p = 0.001). VRT and ART had a moderate negative correlation with academic performance (for ART, r = − 0.42, p < 0.001; for VRT; r = − 0.40, p < 0.001). CFFF had a very weak positive correlation with academic performance (r = 0.19, p = 0.01). The only independent predictors of academic performance were RT and gender (Adjusted R2 = 0.11). Conclusion Although there is a correlation between CFFF and cognitive function, our study showed only a weak correlation between CFFF and academic performance. Female students had faster RTs, and gender was an independent predictor of academic performance. Rather, students with faster RTs appear to have an advantage in academic performance.

scholarly journals AUDITORY REACTION TIME MEASUREMENT WITH OBSERVER-BASED PSYCHOPHYSICAL PROCEDURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasam Yildirim Baskurt ◽  
Gunay Kirkim
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Behavioral Response ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Reaction Time Measurement ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
The Subject

Reaction is defined as a behavioral response to a stimulus. The stimulus can be auditory or visual. Reaction time (RT) is determined as the time between the onset of the stimulus and response. According to this definition, the auditory RT is the time between the auditory stimulus and the response. Simple reaction time has been the subject of comparison of many different groups with both auditory and visual stimuli. When the simple auditory and visual RT in normal hearing individuals are compared, it has been observed that the auditory RT is faster than visual reaction. Auditory RT in womens's was observed slower than men. In many different studies, average values are 180-200 ms for visual RT and 140-160 ms for auditory RT with normal hearing and sighted individuals. Keywords: Reaction Time, Cochlear Implant, Hearing loss

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Study - Effect of Postural Changes on Choice Reaction Time with Reference to Body Mass Index in Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 740-744
Author(s):  
Anita Gaule ◽  
Gourav Bhattad ◽  
Aditi Sood
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation

BACKGROUND Reaction time (RT) is a simple, non-invasive means of estimating sensorimotor coordination and monitoring performance of an individual. The effect of body mass index (BMI) on RT, suggests that underweight, overweight and obese have increased RT as compared to normal BMI individuals. We wanted to compare the effects of supine, sitting and standing postures on RT and determine the influence of BMI on the same. METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out over 2 months in the Department of Physiology on 60 medical students (30 males and 30 females). Visual and auditory choice reaction times of subjects were measured in supine, sitting and standing postures for green, red and yellow colours and high, medium and low frequency sounds. RESULTS In sitting posture, significant and moderate negative correlation was observed between BMI and visual reaction time (VRT) while the correlation between auditory reaction time (ART) and BMI was weak negative but non-significant. In standing posture, non-significant and weak negative correlation was observed between BMI and VRT, also the correlation between ART and BMI was weak negative but not significant. In supine posture, significant and moderate negative correlation was observed between BMI and ART while the correlation between VRT and BMI was weak negative but not significant. CONCLUSIONS When compared with normal BMI group, higher BMI subjects had longer visual as well as auditory reaction times. The difference was not found to be statistically significant though. A weak or moderate negative correlation between BMI and reaction time (r value < 0.4 in magnitude) was observed in three different postures. KEYWORDS Choice Reaction Time, Visual Reaction Time, Auditory Reaction Time, Posture, Body Mass Index

Effect of Bhramari pranayama practice on simple reaction time in healthy adolescents – a randomized control trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maheshkumar Kuppusamy ◽  
Dilara Kamaldeen ◽  
Ravishankar Pitani ◽  
Julius Amaldas ◽  
Padmavathi Ramasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Apparently Healthy

AbstractObjectivesThe improvement in the/reaction time is important, as it is an indicator of cognitive function. Therefore, there is a need, especially for adolescents in the form of techniques or courses that can improve the reaction time. Yoga was found to cause a better improvement in the health of the individuals. The present study intended to show the effects of Bhramari pranayama (Bhr.P) on reaction time in the healthy adolescents.MethodsOf the 730 potential subjects screened, 520 apparently healthy adolescents randomly assigned to either the Bhr.P group (n-260) or control group (n-260). Bhr.P group practiced the bhramari pranayama for 3 days in a week for 6 months. The Auditory Reaction Time (ART) and the Visual Reaction Time (VRT) were assessed before and after Bhr.P pranayama practice.ResultsBhr.P group shows significant shortening of response time in both VRT (from 267.13 ± 52.65 to 249.87 ± 39.41 ms) and ART (from 237.42 ± 48.12 to 227.91 ± 34.60 ms) after 6 months of Bhr.P practice. In control group subjects, no such significant changes were found (p > 0.05).ConclusionsShortening of RT implies an improvement in the information processing and reflexes. This beneficial effect of Bhr.P on reaction time can be used for improving cognitive function in the adolescents for their academic performances.

Hygiene assessment of training in the “Sechenov Medical Pre-University” resource center

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Olga Tikashkina
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Moving Object ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽  
Fusion Frequency ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Flicker Fusion

The aim of the study was a hygiene assessment of training technology in the Sechenov Medical Pre-University Resource Center. 136 students from the Resource Center participated in this study. Sanitary and hygiene, as well as physiological examinations were carried out. Weekly academic load is exceeding the norm, the biggest load is on Thursdays, but at the same time load on Mondays and Fridays remains lighter, there are no alternating training sessions according to the difficulty of the subject. Critical flicker-fusion frequency (CFF) and reaction to a moving object in students before and after the lessons throughout the week was quite stable, which reflects stable functional state of nervous system, its activity, readiness for action, balance of excitation and inhibition processes.

Influence of Body Mass Index on Visual Reaction Time: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Choon Ngo ◽  
Hui Loh ◽  
Gee Choo ◽  
Rammiya Vellasamy ◽  
Mogaratnam Anparasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Reaction

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS WITH AUDITORY AND VISUAL REACTION TIME IN DIABETICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Shweta Patil ◽  
Sangita Phatale ◽  
Basavaraj Malipatil
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Group 1

Relevance. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders wherein hyperglycemia occurs either due to lack of insulin secretion and/or reduced insulin sensitivity of the tissues. One of the commonest complications of diabetes is neuropathy and its severity will depend on how long and how high the hyperglycemia has been prevalent. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes affects the peripheral nerves and slows psychomotor responses in persons who do not have proper glycemic control. This decreased psychomotor response because improper glycemic control affects the reaction time in diabetics. Objective: to assess and compare the auditory and visual reaction time in group-1 and group-2 diabetics and to correlate it with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in both the groups. Methods. The study was conducted on 60 subjects aged between 40-50 years after obtaining the permission of the ethical committee of our institution. The group consisted of 60 well-controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c < 7%) with a history of diabetes for 1-10 years attending the medical OPD of Basaveshwar teaching and general hospital, Gulbarga. Diabetics with HbA1c 5-6% were grouped as group-1 and those with HbA1c 6-7% as group 2. The visual reaction time for a green and red light and auditory reaction time for tone and click sound were measured by using reaction time apparatus 2x4, Anand agencies Pune. HbA1c was done by the micro-column method. Results. The visual and auditory reaction time of diabetics with HbA1c 5-6% was faster as compared to the diabetics with HbA1c 6-7% with P< 0.001 and a statistically significant positive correlation was found between HbA1c levels and the visual and auditory reaction time. Conclusion. Poor glycemic control slows psychomotor responses and thus affects the visual and auditory reaction time.

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