REFERENCE VALUES FOR KNEE EXTENSION STRENGTH OBTAINED BY HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETRY FROM APPARENTLY HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS: A META-ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
R.W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Summary Data

Normative reference values for knee extension strength obtained by hand-held dynamometry from adults 60 to 79 years were derived using summary data from 3 studies. The studies, which were identified through PubMed and a hand-search, contributed data from between 3 and 29 individuals for each age, gender, and side stratum. Meta-analysis was employed to consolidate knee extension strength data. Strength, normalized against body weight, ranged 35.6% for the nondominant side of 70 to 79 year old women to 48.8% for the nondominant side of 60 to 69 year old men. These values are more informative than those previously published in individual studies. However, reference values derived from a large population-based sample are needed.

Correlation of grip and knee extension strength in mature adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Search Information

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Grip and knee strength are commonly measured but controversy exists as to whether either is a proxy for the other. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the correlation between the 2 variables. METHODS: Relevant literature was sought using PubMed, Google, and a hand search. Information on populations, measurements, and correlations were extracted. Correlational data were subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS: Results from 17 studies were consolidated. The summary correlation between grip and knee extension strength was 0.64 with 95% CI of 0.57 to 0.71. Data were highly heterogeneous but did not show publication bias. CONCLUSION: The correlation between the grip and knee extension strength is good. However, it is not good enough to justify using either as a proxy for the other.

Correlation of paretic knee extension strength with gait speed after stroke: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have addressed the relationship between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable walking speed after stroke. However, the correlations reported are highly variable. This review sought to summarize the correlational data using meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant literature was identified via a search of 3 bibliographic databases. Articles were screened and perused for inclusion. Included articles were examined for information on the sample studied, procedures for measuring strength and gait speed, and correlations reported between the 2 variables. Meta-analysis was used to calculate a summary correlation. RESULTS: Of 299 unique articles, 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles were diverse in regard to samples studied, procedures described, and correlations reported. Meta-analysis using data from all included studies revealed a summary correlation of 0.51. For studies using hand-held or isokinetic dynamometry, the summary correlation was 0.46 and 0.59 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a better indication of the correlation between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable gait speed than individual studies. The correlation is high enough to provide support for the routine measurement of paretic knee extension force for individuals who have experienced a stroke.

scholarly journals Association Between Smoking Hookahs (Shishas) and Higher Risk of Obesity: A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Baalbaki ◽  
Leila Itani ◽  
Lara El Kebbi ◽  
Rawan Dehni ◽  
Nermine Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hookah Smoking ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Scientific Statement ◽  
Meta Analyses

The American Heart Association has published a scientific statement on the effect of hookah smoking on health outcomes; nevertheless, hookah smoking continues to be popular worldwide, especially among the young. Recent reports mention a potential link between hookah smoking and obesity; however, uncertainties still surround this issue. The aim of the current study was to conduct a systematic review to clarify whether hookah smoking is associated with a higher risk of obesity among the general population. This study was conducted in compliance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and data were collated by means of a meta-analysis and a narrative synthesis. Of the 818 articles retrieved, five large-population and low-bias studies comprising a total of 16,779 participants met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. All included studies reported that, regardless of gender, hookah smoking increases the risk of obesity among all ages and observed an association between the two after a correction for several confounders or reported a higher prevalence of obesity among hookah smokers. This was confirmed by the meta-analysis. Therefore, hookah smoking seems to be associated with a higher risk of obesity. Public health policymakers should be aware of this for the better management of obesity and weight-related comorbidities.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performances in Elderly with Diagnosed Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Joo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia, also known as the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle fitness, and physical performance, has been related to many adverse health outcomes. Resistance exercise may have an important role in effecting strategy for sarcopenia in aging populations. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the effects resistance exercise interventions on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia.METHODS: A comprehensive search on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, SPORTDiscus, KERIS, KISS, and NAL were conducted. Eligible studies were divided into exercise and randomized controlled trials in elderly with sarcopenia. Searches retrieved 1,067 titles. Eighty full texts were evaluated, and seven studies were used for final systematic reviews. CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) ver 3.0 was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that lower muscle mass (ES=0.579, 95% CI: 0.266-0.892, <i>p</i>=.000), appendicular muscle mass (ES=0.341, 95% CI: 0.006-0.676, <i>p</i>=.046), right hand grip strength (ES=0.739, 95% CI: 0.216-1.262, <i>p</i>=.006), left hand grip strength (ES=0.692, 95% CI: 0.167-1.217, <i>p</i>=.010), knee extension strength (ES=1.448, 95% CI: 0.273-2.624, <i>p</i>=.016), and timed up and go (ES=1.471, 95% CI: 0.492-2.450, <i>p</i>=.003) significantly improved in response to resistance exercise programs.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is increasing with the growing elderly population; thus prevention and effective interventions are very important. The data suggest that resistance exercise may be actual in enhancing not only appendicular muscle mass, but also knee extension strength and timed up and go in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia. Further follow-up studies on larger populations and a variety of approaches are required to reconfirm these results.

scholarly journals Mortality Risk Among Older People Who Did Versus Did Not Sustain a Fracture: Baseline Prefracture Strength and Gait Speed as Predictors in a 15-Year Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1996-2002
Author(s):  
Kaisa Koivunen ◽  
Elina Sillanpää ◽  
Mikaela von Bonsdorff ◽  
Ritva Sakari ◽  
Timo Törmäkangas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Physiological reserve, as indicated by muscle strength and gait speed, may be especially determinant of survival in people who are exposed to a health stressor. We studied whether the association between strength/speed and mortality risk would be stronger in the time period after a fracture compared to other time periods. Methods Participants were population-based sample of 157 men and 325 women aged 75 and 80 years at baseline. Maximal 10-m gait speed and maximal isometric grip and knee extension strength were tested at the baseline before the fracture. Subsequent fracture incidence and mortality were followed up for 15 years. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate fracture time-stratified effects of gait speed and muscle strength on mortality risk in three states: (i) nonfracture state, (ii) the first postfracture year, and (iii) after the first postfracture year until death/end of follow-up. Results During the follow-up, 20% of the men and 44% of the women sustained a fracture. In both sexes, lower gait speed and in women lower knee extension strength was associated with increased mortality risk in the nonfracture state. During the first postfracture year, the mortality risk associated with slower gait and lower strength was increased and higher than in the nonfracture state. After the first postfracture year, mortality risk associated with lower gait speed and muscle strength attenuated. Conclusions Lower gait speed and muscle strength were more strongly associated with mortality risk after fracture than during nonfracture time, which may indicate decreased likelihood of recovery.

scholarly journals Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Mihael Perman
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Angle Condition ◽  
Isometric Knee Extension

Single-joint isometric and isokinetic knee strength assessment plays an important role in strength and conditioning, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. The literature, however, lacks absolute reference values. We systematically reviewed the available studies that assessed isometric knee strength. Two scientific databases (PubMed and PEDro) were searched for the papers that are published from the inception of the field to the end of 2019. We included studies that involved participants of both genders and different age groups, regardless of the study design, that involved isometric knee extension and/or flexion measurement. The extracted data were converted to body-mass-normalized values. Moreover, the data were grouped according to the knee angle condition (extended, mid-range, and flexed). A meta-analysis was performed on 13,893 participants from 411 studies. In adult healthy males, the pooled 95% confidence intervals (CI) for knee extension were 1.34–2.23Nm/kg for extended knee angle, 2.92–3.45Nm/kg for mid-range knee angle, and 2.50–3.06Nm/kg for flexed knee angle, while the CIs for flexion were 0.85–1.20, 1.15–1.62, and 0.96–1.54Nm/kg, respectively. Adult females consistently showed lower strength than adult male subgroups (e.g., the CIs for knee extension were 1.01–1.50, 2.08–2.74, and 2.04–2.71Nm/kg for extended, mid-range, and flexed knee angle condition). Older adults consistently showed lower values than adults (e.g., pooled CIs for mid-range knee angle were 1.74–2.16Nm/kg (male) and 1.40–1.64Nm/kg (female) for extension, and 0.69–0.89Nm/kg (male) and 0.46–0.81Nm/kg (female) for flexion). Reliable normative for athletes could not be calculated due to limited number of studies for individual sports.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performances in Elderly with Diagnosed Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Joo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia, also known as the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle fitness, and physical performance, has been related to many adverse health outcomes. Resistance exercise may have an important role in effecting strategy for sarcopenia in aging populations. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the effects resistance exercise interventions on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia.METHODS: A comprehensive search on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, SPORTDiscus, KERIS, KISS, and NAL were conducted. Eligible studies were divided into exercise and randomized controlled trials in elderly with sarcopenia. Searches retrieved 1,067 titles. Eighty full texts were evaluated, and seven studies were used for final systematic reviews. CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) ver 3.0 was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that lower muscle mass (ES=0.579, 95% CI: 0.266-0.892, <i>p</i>=.000), appendicular muscle mass (ES=0.341, 95% CI: 0.006-0.676, <i>p</i>=.046), right hand grip strength (ES=0.739, 95% CI: 0.216-1.262, <i>p</i>=.006), left hand grip strength (ES=0.692, 95% CI: 0.167-1.217, <i>p</i>=.010), knee extension strength (ES=1.448, 95% CI: 0.273-2.624, <i>p</i>=.016), and timed up and go (ES=1.471, 95% CI: 0.492-2.450, <i>p</i>=.003) significantly improved in response to resistance exercise programs.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is increasing with the growing elderly population; thus prevention and effective interventions are very important. The data suggest that resistance exercise may be actual in enhancing not only appendicular muscle mass, but also knee extension strength and timed up and go in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia. Further follow-up studies on larger populations and a variety of approaches are required to reconfirm these results.

scholarly journals The M235T polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene is not a major risk factor for diabetic nephropathy; a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e15-e15
Author(s):  
Bhuneshwar Sahu ◽  
Shashikant Swarnakar ◽  
Henu Kumar Verma ◽  
Thavanati Parvathi Kumara Reddy ◽  
Smaranika Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
M235t Polymorphism

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease in diabetes patients. The angiotensin AGT M235T gene polymorphism, which is linked to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), has been extensively studied in DN patients, but the results are still conflicting. The current study’s goal is to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between AGT M235T gene polymorphism and DN susceptibility. Methods: Fourteen case-control studies related to AGT M235T polymorphism and DN were searched using PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Genotype data from the T2DM and T2DN groups were collected from all papers. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95 percent confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated employing a random-effects model to assess the relationship. Results: There were no statistically significant link between AGT M235T and DN risk in dominant (P=0.801, OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.66-1.38), allelic (P=0.933, OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.75-1.37) and recessive (P=0.374, OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.80-1.83) genetic models. Further, the stratified analysis based on ethnicity did not reveal significant link between AGT M235T and DN risk in Asian (Dom OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.63-1.82) and the Caucasian populations (Dom OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.49-1.21). In all three models, there was a high degree of heterogeneity between studies. Publication bias was not seen. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the AGT gene M235T polymorphism does not contribute to DN risk. However, validation of this association will require multi-center and large population-based studies.

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