Correlation of grip and knee extension strength in mature adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Search Information

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Grip and knee strength are commonly measured but controversy exists as to whether either is a proxy for the other. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the correlation between the 2 variables. METHODS: Relevant literature was sought using PubMed, Google, and a hand search. Information on populations, measurements, and correlations were extracted. Correlational data were subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS: Results from 17 studies were consolidated. The summary correlation between grip and knee extension strength was 0.64 with 95% CI of 0.57 to 0.71. Data were highly heterogeneous but did not show publication bias. CONCLUSION: The correlation between the grip and knee extension strength is good. However, it is not good enough to justify using either as a proxy for the other.

Correlation of paretic knee extension strength with gait speed after stroke: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have addressed the relationship between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable walking speed after stroke. However, the correlations reported are highly variable. This review sought to summarize the correlational data using meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant literature was identified via a search of 3 bibliographic databases. Articles were screened and perused for inclusion. Included articles were examined for information on the sample studied, procedures for measuring strength and gait speed, and correlations reported between the 2 variables. Meta-analysis was used to calculate a summary correlation. RESULTS: Of 299 unique articles, 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles were diverse in regard to samples studied, procedures described, and correlations reported. Meta-analysis using data from all included studies revealed a summary correlation of 0.51. For studies using hand-held or isokinetic dynamometry, the summary correlation was 0.46 and 0.59 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a better indication of the correlation between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable gait speed than individual studies. The correlation is high enough to provide support for the routine measurement of paretic knee extension force for individuals who have experienced a stroke.

Correlation between the strength of muscle actions of the paretic lower-limb and gait speed after Stroke: Results of a meta-analysis of six studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Muscle Actions ◽  
Search Information

BACKROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lower limb strength, particularly of the more paretic side, is known to correlate with comfortable gait speed. This meta-analysis sought to determine the relative value of 6 muscle group strengths as explanators of comfortable gait speed. METHODS: Relevant literature was sought using PubMed, CINAHL Scopus, and a hand search. Information on samples, measurements, and correlations were extracted. Correlational data were subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS: Results from 6 studies were consolidated. The summary correlations between paretic lower limb strength and comfortable gait speed ranged from 0.45 to 0.61. Data were highly heterogeneous but did not show publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between the lower limb strength and comfortable gait speed strength is moderate. However, it does not provide an adequate explanation to guide clinical practice.

REFERENCE VALUES FOR KNEE EXTENSION STRENGTH OBTAINED BY HAND-HELD DYNAMOMETRY FROM APPARENTLY HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS: A META-ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
R.W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Summary Data

Normative reference values for knee extension strength obtained by hand-held dynamometry from adults 60 to 79 years were derived using summary data from 3 studies. The studies, which were identified through PubMed and a hand-search, contributed data from between 3 and 29 individuals for each age, gender, and side stratum. Meta-analysis was employed to consolidate knee extension strength data. Strength, normalized against body weight, ranged 35.6% for the nondominant side of 70 to 79 year old women to 48.8% for the nondominant side of 60 to 69 year old men. These values are more informative than those previously published in individual studies. However, reference values derived from a large population-based sample are needed.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performances in Elderly with Diagnosed Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Joo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia, also known as the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle fitness, and physical performance, has been related to many adverse health outcomes. Resistance exercise may have an important role in effecting strategy for sarcopenia in aging populations. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the effects resistance exercise interventions on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia.METHODS: A comprehensive search on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, SPORTDiscus, KERIS, KISS, and NAL were conducted. Eligible studies were divided into exercise and randomized controlled trials in elderly with sarcopenia. Searches retrieved 1,067 titles. Eighty full texts were evaluated, and seven studies were used for final systematic reviews. CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) ver 3.0 was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that lower muscle mass (ES=0.579, 95% CI: 0.266-0.892, <i>p</i>=.000), appendicular muscle mass (ES=0.341, 95% CI: 0.006-0.676, <i>p</i>=.046), right hand grip strength (ES=0.739, 95% CI: 0.216-1.262, <i>p</i>=.006), left hand grip strength (ES=0.692, 95% CI: 0.167-1.217, <i>p</i>=.010), knee extension strength (ES=1.448, 95% CI: 0.273-2.624, <i>p</i>=.016), and timed up and go (ES=1.471, 95% CI: 0.492-2.450, <i>p</i>=.003) significantly improved in response to resistance exercise programs.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is increasing with the growing elderly population; thus prevention and effective interventions are very important. The data suggest that resistance exercise may be actual in enhancing not only appendicular muscle mass, but also knee extension strength and timed up and go in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia. Further follow-up studies on larger populations and a variety of approaches are required to reconfirm these results.

scholarly journals LOWER QUARTER Y-BALANCE TEST SCORES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ISOKINETIC KNEE STRENGTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0015
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Erdman ◽  
Charles W. Wyatt ◽  
Kirsten Tulchin-Francis ◽  
Sophia M. Ulman
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
The Right ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Flexion Strength ◽  
Component Scores

Background: Lower extremity asymmetry has been shown to be associated with increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Return-to-sport screens commonly involve assessing the restoration of symmetrical strength and balance. Therefore, it is important to understand how these measures are related. Hypothesis/Purpose: To determine if relationships exist between the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (LQ-YBT) component scores, composite scores, and isokinetic knee strength in healthy, female athletes. Methods: Female adolescent athletes completed the LQ-YBT and isokinetic knee strength as a part of a comprehensive evaluation in competitive level athletes (Tegner activity scale≥7). LQ-YBT anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral component scores for the each leg were normalized to leg length, and composite scores for each leg were calculated for each participant. Knee flexion/extension strength was collected at 120°/second using a Biodex System 4. Peak torque was normalized by body weight, and paired t-tests were used to compare legs ( α<0.05). Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to test whether any LQ-YBT measures were associated to knee strength. Results: A total of 106 participants (age 13.8±2.4 years; BMI 20.2±3.0) were tested, and all were right leg dominant. No differences were found between LQ-YBT right and left component (Table 1), or composite scores (right 97.9 vs left 98.2, p=0.29). Flexion and extension strength were significantly increased on the right side ( p=0.02, <0.01 respectively). There were significant, weak to moderate correlations between all LQ-YBT scores (components and composite) versus knee flexion strength (r=0.26 to 0.40) (Table 2). Left knee extension strength was weakly correlated to left anterior and posteromedial component scores (r=0.24, 0.34 respectively), as well as the left composite score (r=0.29). Right knee extension strength was only correlated to the right posteromedial component score (r=0.21) and the right composite score (r=0.22). Conclusion: Weak to moderate relationships exist between both component and composite LQ-YBT scores and knee strength. The strongest correlations were found between the LQ-YBT composite scores and knee flexion strength. LQ-YBT composite scores were relatively high, indicating a low chance of injury while differences were seen in knee strength between legs. Future injury prevention programs would benefit from utilizing both tools as the Y-Balance test evaluates motor control and isokinetic strength identifies muscular imbalance, both of which are important in reducing future injury risk. Tables/Figures: [Table: see text][Table: see text]

scholarly journals Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejc Šarabon ◽  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Mihael Perman
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Knee Strength ◽  
Angle Condition ◽  
Isometric Knee Extension

Single-joint isometric and isokinetic knee strength assessment plays an important role in strength and conditioning, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. The literature, however, lacks absolute reference values. We systematically reviewed the available studies that assessed isometric knee strength. Two scientific databases (PubMed and PEDro) were searched for the papers that are published from the inception of the field to the end of 2019. We included studies that involved participants of both genders and different age groups, regardless of the study design, that involved isometric knee extension and/or flexion measurement. The extracted data were converted to body-mass-normalized values. Moreover, the data were grouped according to the knee angle condition (extended, mid-range, and flexed). A meta-analysis was performed on 13,893 participants from 411 studies. In adult healthy males, the pooled 95% confidence intervals (CI) for knee extension were 1.34–2.23Nm/kg for extended knee angle, 2.92–3.45Nm/kg for mid-range knee angle, and 2.50–3.06Nm/kg for flexed knee angle, while the CIs for flexion were 0.85–1.20, 1.15–1.62, and 0.96–1.54Nm/kg, respectively. Adult females consistently showed lower strength than adult male subgroups (e.g., the CIs for knee extension were 1.01–1.50, 2.08–2.74, and 2.04–2.71Nm/kg for extended, mid-range, and flexed knee angle condition). Older adults consistently showed lower values than adults (e.g., pooled CIs for mid-range knee angle were 1.74–2.16Nm/kg (male) and 1.40–1.64Nm/kg (female) for extension, and 0.69–0.89Nm/kg (male) and 0.46–0.81Nm/kg (female) for flexion). Reliable normative for athletes could not be calculated due to limited number of studies for individual sports.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performances in Elderly with Diagnosed Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Joo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia, also known as the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle fitness, and physical performance, has been related to many adverse health outcomes. Resistance exercise may have an important role in effecting strategy for sarcopenia in aging populations. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the effects resistance exercise interventions on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia.METHODS: A comprehensive search on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, SPORTDiscus, KERIS, KISS, and NAL were conducted. Eligible studies were divided into exercise and randomized controlled trials in elderly with sarcopenia. Searches retrieved 1,067 titles. Eighty full texts were evaluated, and seven studies were used for final systematic reviews. CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) ver 3.0 was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that lower muscle mass (ES=0.579, 95% CI: 0.266-0.892, <i>p</i>=.000), appendicular muscle mass (ES=0.341, 95% CI: 0.006-0.676, <i>p</i>=.046), right hand grip strength (ES=0.739, 95% CI: 0.216-1.262, <i>p</i>=.006), left hand grip strength (ES=0.692, 95% CI: 0.167-1.217, <i>p</i>=.010), knee extension strength (ES=1.448, 95% CI: 0.273-2.624, <i>p</i>=.016), and timed up and go (ES=1.471, 95% CI: 0.492-2.450, <i>p</i>=.003) significantly improved in response to resistance exercise programs.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is increasing with the growing elderly population; thus prevention and effective interventions are very important. The data suggest that resistance exercise may be actual in enhancing not only appendicular muscle mass, but also knee extension strength and timed up and go in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia. Further follow-up studies on larger populations and a variety of approaches are required to reconfirm these results.

scholarly journals Quadriceps Strength and Volitional Activation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Lisee ◽  
Adam S. Lepley ◽  
Thomas Birchmeier ◽  
Kaitlin O’Hagan ◽  
Christopher Kuenze
Keyword(s):  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Joint Health ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Quadriceps Function

Context: Quadriceps function is a significant contributor to knee joint health that is influenced by central and peripheral factors, especially after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Objective: To assess differences of unilateral quadriceps isometric strength and activation between the involved limb and contralateral limb of individuals with ACLR and healthy controls. Data Sources: Web of Science, SportDISCUS, PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Database were all used during the search. Study Selection: A total of 2024 studies were reviewed. Twenty-eight studies including individuals with a unilateral history of ACLR, isometric knee extension strength normalized to body mass, and quadriceps activation measured by central activation ratios (CARs) through a superimposed burst technique were identified for meta-analysis. The methodological quality of relevant articles was assessed using a modified Downs and Black scale. Results of methodological quality assessment ranged from low to high quality (low, n = 10; moderate, n = 8; high, n = 10). Study Design: Meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Data Extraction: Means, standard deviations, and sample sizes were extracted from articles, and magnitude of between-limb and between-group differences were evaluated using a random-effects model meta-analysis approach to calculate combined pooled effect sizes (ESs) and 95% CIs. ESs were classified as weak ( d < 0.19), small ( d = 0.20-0.49), moderate ( d = 0.50-0.79), or large ( d > 0.80). Results: The involved limb of individuals with ACLR displayed lower knee extension strength compared with the contralateral limb (ES, –0.78; lower bound [LB], –0.99; upper bound [UB], –0.58) and healthy controls (ES, –0.76; LB, –0.98; UB, –0.53). The involved limb displayed a lower CAR compared with healthy controls (ES, –0.84; LB, –1.18; UB, –0.50) but not compared with the contralateral limb (ES, –0.15; LB, –0.37; UB, 0.07). The ACLR contralateral limb displayed a lower CAR (ES, –0.73; LB, –1.39; UB, –0.07) compared with healthy control limbs but similar knee extension strength (ES, –0.24; LB, –0.68; UB, –0.19). Conclusion: Individuals with ACLR have bilateral CAR deficits and involved limb strength deficits that persist years after surgery. Deficits in quadriceps function may have meaningful implications for patient-reported and objective outcomes, risk of reinjury, and long-term joint health after ACLR.

Handgrip and knee extension strength as predictors of cancer mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1852-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. García-Hermoso ◽  
R. Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
M. D. Peterson ◽  
F. Lobelo ◽  
I. Cavero-Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Knee Extension Strength

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

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