scholarly journals Humans Chromosome 1 Fractal periods signature is highly correlated with Intelligence and Brain Evolution

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Jean-claude PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
Brain Evolution ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Highly Correlated

scholarly journals Proteolytic Activation of Human-specific Olduvai Domains by the Furin Protease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Pacheco ◽  
Aaron Issaian ◽  
Jonathan Davis ◽  
Nathan Anderson ◽  
Travis Nemkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Brain Size ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Brain Evolution ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Proteolytic Activation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Human Specific

Olduvai protein domains (formerly DUF1220) show the greatest human-specific increase in copy number of any coding region in the genome and are highly correlated with human brain evolution and cognitive disease. The majority of human copies are found within four NBPF genes organized in a variable number of a tandemly arranged three-domain blocks called Olduvai triplets. Here we show that these human-specific Olduvai domains are posttranslationally processed by the furin protease, with a cleavage site occurring once at each triplet. These findings suggest that all expanded human-specific NBPF genes encode proproteins consisting of many independent Olduvai triplet proteins which are activated by furin processing. The exceptional correlation of Olduvai copy number and brain size taken together with our new furin data, indicates the ultimate target of selection was a rapid increase in dosage of autonomously functioning Olduvai triplet proteins, and that these proteins are the primary active agent underlying Olduvai's role in human brain expansion.

scholarly journals The impact of locomotion on the brain evolution of squirrels and close relatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ornella C. Bertrand ◽  
Hans P. Püschel ◽  
Julia A. Schwab ◽  
Mary T. Silcox ◽  
Stephen L. Brusatte
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Brain Size ◽  
Brain Evolution ◽  
Olfactory Bulbs ◽  
Component Size ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Opposing Effect

AbstractHow do brain size and proportions relate to ecology and evolutionary history? Here, we use virtual endocasts from 38 extinct and extant rodent species spanning 50+ million years of evolution to assess the impact of locomotion, body mass, and phylogeny on the size of the brain, olfactory bulbs, petrosal lobules, and neocortex. We find that body mass and phylogeny are highly correlated with relative brain and brain component size, and that locomotion strongly influences brain, petrosal lobule, and neocortical sizes. Notably, species living in trees have greater relative overall brain, petrosal lobule, and neocortical sizes compared to other locomotor categories, especially fossorial taxa. Across millions of years of Eocene-Recent environmental change, arboreality played a major role in the early evolution of squirrels and closely related aplodontiids, promoting the expansion of the neocortex and petrosal lobules. Fossoriality in aplodontiids had an opposing effect by reducing the need for large brains.

Cannabis use in Switzerland: The role of attribution of drug use to friends, urbanization and repression 1The study was supported by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG) Grant 316.96.5980.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Individual Use

Cannabis use does not show homogeneous patterns in a country. In particular, urbanization appears to influence prevalence rates, with higher rates in urban areas. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze these structural influences on individuals in Switzerland. Data for this analysis were taken from the Switzerland survey of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Study, the most recent survey to assess drug use in a nationally representative sample of 3473 15-year-olds. A total of 1487 male and 1620 female students indicated their cannabis use and their attributions of drug use to friends. As second level variables we included address density in the 26 Swiss Cantons as an indicator of urbanization and officially recorded offences of cannabis use in the Cantons as an indicator of repressive policy. Attribution of drug use to friends is highly correlated with cannabis use. The correlation is even more pronounced in urban Cantons. However, no association between recorded offences and cannabis use was found. The results suggest that structural variables influence individuals. Living in an urban area effects the attribution of drug use to friends. On the other hand repressive policy does not affect individual use.

The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise S. Dan-Glauser ◽  
Klaus R. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
French Translation ◽  
French Version ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

Successful emotion regulation is a key aspect of efficient social functioning and personal well-being. Difficulties in emotion regulation lead to relationship impairments and are presumed to be involved in the onset and maintenance of some psychopathological disorders as well as inappropriate behaviors. Gratz and Roemer (2004 ) developed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), a comprehensive instrument measuring emotion regulation problems that encompasses several dimensions on which difficulties can occur. The aim of the present work was to develop a French translation of this scale and to provide an initial validation of this instrument. The French version was created using translation and backtranslation procedures and was tested on 455 healthy students. Congruence between the original and the translated scales was .98 (Tucker’s phi) and internal consistency of the translation reached .92 (Cronbach’s α). Moreover, test-retest scores were highly correlated. Altogether, the initial validation of the French version of the DERS (DERS-F) offers satisfactory results and permits the use of this instrument to map difficulties in emotion regulation in both clinical and research contexts.

Automated Latex Agglutination and ELISA Testing Yield Equivalent D-Dimer Results in Patients with Recent Myocardial Infarction

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 1412-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Zareba ◽  
John Horan ◽  
Arthur Moss ◽  
Joel Kanouse ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coronary Death ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryOur previous prospective study of post-infarction patients described a strong and significant association of increased plasma D-dimer concentrations in those who experienced a subsequent coronary death or non-fatal myocardial infarction. In the present study, we compare results on stored plasma obtained two months after the index myocardial infarction from 1,038 patients of this trial, using a simple automated latex agglutination (LA) assay in parallel with the standard ELISA test. Results show a somewhat higher mean value for the LA assay (702 ± 1092 vs. 638 ± 986 ng/ml, p = 0.0002), a strong linear correlation of the two assays (r = 0.86) and 88% agreement for values below 500 ng/ml by the ELISA test. D-dimer concentrations determined by each assay were highly correlated in patients with subsequent coronary artery events (p = 0.93) and quartile values for both the LA and ELISA were equally predictive of such events (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively). This is the first demonstration that a latex agglutination assay for D-dimer can be used to assess the prognostic risk of recurrent coronary thrombotic disease after myocardial infarction

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