scholarly journals Nodular toxic goiter in children: clinical features, morphological variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
T. E. Ivannikova ◽  
O. B. Bezlepkina ◽  
F. M. Abdulhabirova ◽  
A. U. Abrosimov ◽  
M. V. Degtyarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Adenomatous Goiter ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Toxic Goiter

BACKGROUND: Toxic nodular goiter (TNG) is a rare disease in which the cause of hyperthyroidism is the presence of a node or nodes that autonomously secrete thyroid hormones. With children and adolescents this condition is extremely rare — in 5–7.5% of all cases of nodular goiter. Therapy of toxic nodular goiter is aimed at relieving the symptoms of hyperthyroidism taking into account the malignant potential of the nodular formation. In the available literature, there are no data on the clinical course, comparative results of cytological and histological data in patients with toxic nodular goiter, which debuted in their childhood.AIM: Analysis of the features of the clinical course, comparison of the results of cytological and histological studies of toxic nodular goiter in children and adolescents.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, single-center study of 21 patients with single-nodular toxic goiter, hospitalized at the Endocrinology Research Centre in the period from January 2016 to December 2019.RESULTS: The mean age at the time of the survey was 13.9 years. Thirteen patients (65%) had manifest thyrotoxicosis, and seven (35%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. More than half of children — 57.1% (n = 12) did not receive thyreostatic therapy. The cytological picture in 11 patients (61.1%) corresponded to benign changes (nodular colloid goiter or adenomatous goiter) — Bethesda II, in 4 patients — follicular tumor — Bethesda IV, in 4 children the study was not informative. 19 patients (90.5%) underwent surgical treatment (hemithyroidectomy). According to the results of histological examination, follicular adenoma was found in 44.4% of children with nodular toxic goiter with benign results of TAB (Bethesda II) and was found in 50% with revealing follicular neoplasia (Bethesda IV).CONCLUSION: For the first time in the Russian Federation was carried out a comparative analysis of the characteristics of cytological and histological studies in children with toxic nodular goiter. It is significant that only in 10.5% (n=2) cytological and morphological results were consistent. The choice of radical treatment tactics should take into account the high frequency of mismatches between histological and morphological studies.

scholarly journals NODULAR GOITERS

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
ZAFAR IQBAL ◽  
TASNEEM ZAFAR
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Tissue Levels ◽  
Toxic Goiter ◽  
Basic Medical ◽  
Glycosylated Proteins

Objective: The purpose of the study was to estimate the levels of amino sugars and glycosylatedproteins in the blood and thyroid tissues of the patients suffering from thyroid disorders. Study design: The study wascarried out at Basic Medical sciences Institute, J.P.M.C. Karachi. Period: From 1990 to 1992. Materials & Methods:Twenty control subjects and 35 thyroid patients (Non toxic goiter = 14, Non toxic nodular goiter = 12 and Toxic nodulargoiter=9) were studied. T4, TBG and T4/TBG ratio, serum and tissue glucose, protein, glycosylated proteins andhexosamine with their correlation coefficient (r) were estimated Results: Significantly raised levels of TBG in non toxicgoiter and toxic nodular goiter while T4/TBG ratio was significantly decreased in non toxic goiter and toxic nodulargoiter. In non toxic goiter patients correlation coefficient analysis showed a direct relationship (serum to tissue levels)of glucose(r=0.47), glycosylated proteins(r=0.40) and hexosamine (r=0.23) while an inverse relationship was found incase of protein(r= -0.38). In non toxic nodular group inverse relationship was only found in proteins (r= -0.48) estimationwhile direct correlation coefficient was observed in glucose (r= 0.29), glycosylated proteins (r=0.13) and in hexosamine(r=0.14). In toxic nodular group hexosamine shows a direct correlation coefficient(r=0.73)while glucose (= -0.53),proteins (r= -0.87)and glycosylated proteins(r= -0.12) have an inverse relationship. Conclusion: It was concluded fromcorrelation coefficient analysis (blood to tissue levels) that in non toxic goiter and non toxic nodular patients glucose,glycosylated protein and hexosamine showed a direct relationship while protein showed an inverse relationship.

Hypothyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Ladenson
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Toxic Goiter

Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine conditions encountered in clinical practice and can range from clinically obvious to clinically silent. This review provides the definition and epidemiology of the conditions of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism can be congenital or acquired, and its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management are presented. The three most common disorders of thyrotoxicosis (diffuse toxic goiter [Graves disease], toxic nodular goiter, and iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis in thyroid hormone–treated patients are addressed, as well as the many diseases in each of these categories. This review also discusses thyroiditis, goiter, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. Tables list the causes of elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, the etiologic classification of thyrotoxicosis, characteristic features of thyroiditis, and causes of elevated serum total thyroxine levels. Figures show the prevalence of abnormalities in thyroid function tests in different populations, certain forms of hyperthyroidism that result from pathophysiologic activation of the TSH receptor, and inflammation of thyroid tissue in acute thyroiditis.   This review contains 3 figures, 12 tables, and 61 references. Key Words: Hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, Thyrotropin, celiac disease, vitiligo, pernicious anemia, Sjögren syndrome, Graves disease, Munchausen syndrome

Differential Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-184
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Toxic Goiter ◽  
Biochemical Imaging

Diseases that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) include subacute thyroiditis and Reidle's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, euthyroid sick syndrome, goiter, hypopituitarism, lithium-induced goiter, simple (non-toxic) goiter, thyroid lymphoma, toxic nodular goiter, and types I and II polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. The characteristic diagnostic clinical, biochemical, imaging (sonographic), and histological/cytological features of HT will help make a differential diagnosis. This chapter explores the differential diagnosis of Hashimoto's disease.

Hypothyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Ladenson
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Toxic Goiter

Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine conditions encountered in clinical practice and can range from clinically obvious to clinically silent. This review provides the definition and epidemiology of the conditions of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism can be congenital or acquired, and its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management are presented. The three most common disorders of thyrotoxicosis (diffuse toxic goiter [Graves disease], toxic nodular goiter, and iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis in thyroid hormone–treated patients are addressed, as well as the many diseases in each of these categories. This review also discusses thyroiditis, goiter, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. Tables list the causes of elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, the etiologic classification of thyrotoxicosis, characteristic features of thyroiditis, and causes of elevated serum total thyroxine levels. Figures show the prevalence of abnormalities in thyroid function tests in different populations, certain forms of hyperthyroidism that result from pathophysiologic activation of the TSH receptor, and inflammation of thyroid tissue in acute thyroiditis.   This review contains 3 figures, 12 tables, and 61 references. Key Words: Hypothyroidism, Thyrotoxicosis, Thyrotropin, celiac disease, vitiligo, pernicious anemia, Sjögren syndrome, Graves disease, Munchausen syndrome

The outcome of radioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism: comparison of patients with a toxic nodular goiter and with Graves' disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Jolanta Kijek ◽  
Jerzy S. Tarach ◽  
Maria Kurowska ◽  
Bożena Szymanek
Keyword(s):  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter

scholarly journals Folate and Cobalamin Serum Levels in Healthy Children and Adolescents and Their Association with Age, Sex, BMI and Socioeconomic Status

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Paulina Kreusler ◽  
Mandy Vogel ◽  
Anja Willenberg ◽  
Ronny Baber ◽  
Yvonne Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Age And Sex

This study proposes age- and sex-specific percentiles for serum cobalamin and folate, and analyzes the effects of sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES) on cobalamin and folate concentrations in healthy children and adolescents. In total, 4478 serum samples provided by healthy participants (2 months–18.0 years) in the LIFE (Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases) Child population-based cohort study between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Continuous age-and sex-related percentiles (2.5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, 97.5th) were estimated, applying Cole’s LMS method. In both sexes, folate concentrations decreased continuously with age, whereas cobalamin concentration peaked between three and seven years of age and declined thereafter. Female sex was associated with higher concentrations of both vitamins in 13- to 18-year-olds and with higher folate levels in one- to five-year-olds. BMI was inversely correlated with concentrations of both vitamins, whilst SES positively affected folate but not cobalamin concentrations. To conclude, in the assessment of cobalamin and folate status, the age- and sex-dependent dynamic of the respective serum concentrations must be considered. While BMI is a determinant of both vitamin concentrations, SES is only associated with folate concentrations.

scholarly journals Successful Homoeopathic Treatment of Phyllodes Tumour: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Purnima Shukla ◽  
Purak Misra ◽  
Risabh Kumar Jain ◽  
Rajiv Kumar Misra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Subjective Improvement ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Conium Maculatum ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Phyllodes Tumour ◽  
Phyllodes Tumours ◽  
Over Time

AbstractPhyllodes tumours (PTs) of the breast are rare biphasic fibroepithelial neoplasm. They have potentiality to recur and metastasise. Majority of them follow a benign clinical course. We have treated one patient suffering from PT at the out-patient department of Sri Ram Medical & Homoeopathic Research Centre, Gorakhpur, India. After detailed case taking and repertorisation, first Conium maculatum and later on Phytolacca decandra and Calcarea fluorica were prescribed on the basis of individualisation to treat the case. Outcomes were assessed clinically every month for subjective improvement and objectively by ultrasonography reports at every 6-month interval. Gradual improvement was noted over time. The case has been assessed with MONARCH Inventory, which shows ‘definite’ association between the medicine and the outcome.

scholarly journals Intractable hiccups as the presenting symptom of toxic nodular goiter

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e19
Author(s):  
Luís Miguel Fernandes Teles ◽  
Inês Domingues Neto ◽  
Bernardo Luís Fernandes Macedo ◽  
Fernando Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽  
Intractable Hiccups
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