scholarly journals A rare case of a functioning gonadotroph tumor accompanied by erythrocytosis in an elderly man

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
E. O. Mamedova ◽  
L. S. Selivanova ◽  
K. A. Potapova ◽  
S. A. Buryakina ◽  
V. N. Azizyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenoma ◽  
Transsphenoidal Adenomectomy ◽  
Non Functioning Pituitary Adenomas

Functioning gonadotroph adenomas are rare pituitary tumors secreting one or two gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and/or luteinizing hormone (LH)), which are hormonally active. In the majority of cases, gonadotroph tumors are endocrinologically “silent” and make up more than a half of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. In this article we describe a rare clinical case of LH/FSH-secreting pituitary macroadenoma with bitemporal hemianopsia in a 62-year-old man. The patient underwent transnasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy, leading to remission. The distinctive feature of this case is the presence of secondary erythrocytosis due to endogenous hyperandrogenism, which required several blood exfusions to normaliza the level of hematocrit before surgery. It is noteworthy that clinical signs of erythrocytosis were present long before visual impairment. This clinical case demonstrates difficulties in the early diagnosis of functioning gonadotroph adenomas.

Dental evagination (dens evaginatus) of the second premolar in the upper jaw. Clinical case

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
L. A. Mamedova ◽  
O. I. Efimovich ◽  
I. V. Podojnikov ◽  
A. A. Podoinikova ◽  
A. A. Bashtovoy
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Tooth Development ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Developmental Abnormality ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Upper Jaw

Dens evaginatus (DE) is an odontogenic developmental abnormality that can be defined as a tubercle or bulge on the surface of a tooth, consisting of the outer layer of enamel, dentin, and possibly pulp. Early diagnosis and treatment of dental evagination is important to prevent untimely endodontic treatment, occlusal trauma, aesthetics, and the development of fissure caries. This pathology of tooth development is usually found on the premolars of the lower jaw as an additional tubercle or bulge between the buccal and lingual tubercles. DE in the maxillary premolar has been reported rarely in the literature. We report one such rare case in the maxillary premolar.Material and methods. The article describes a clinical case of treating a patient with dental evagination. For observation, we used X-ray images made with CBCT, as well as a photo protocol of the stages of patient treatment.Conclusions. Since this pathology is rare, the description of this clinical case will help doctors better understand the approaches to dental treatment with such anomalies in the development of tooth tissues. 

Clonal origin of pituitary adenomas

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee B. Jacoby ◽  
E. Tessa Hedley-Whyte ◽  
Karen Pulaski ◽  
Bernd R. Seizinger ◽  
Robert L. Martuza
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

✓ Benign pituitary adenomas are among the most common neurosurgical tumors and account for a diversity of clinical syndromes due to their hormone content and release. To determine whether these tumors arise from a single cell or multiple cells, the authors studied X chromosome inactivation in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from pituitary adenomas in women. Tumors of three different hormonal subtypes were examined. One tumor contained cells immunoreactive for prolactin and human growth hormone; one tumor contained foci immunoreactive for the β-subunits of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone; and the third tumor had no immunoreactive prolactin, human growth hormone, β-subunits of thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, or follicle-stimulating hormone, or the α-subunit. Analysis of the DNA revealed that, in each of the three pituitary tumors, one X chromosome was active in all cells and one X chromosome was inactive, indicating that each of these tumors was monoclonal in origin. It is concluded that clinically evident pituitary tumors arise from a genetic mutation in a single cell.

scholarly journals Unilateral segmental aplasia of uterine horn associated with pyometra and vulvar hypoplasia in a bitch

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
A. Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fluid Blood

The aim of this report was to describe a clinical case of unilateral segmental aplasia of the uterine horn and vulvar hypoplasia associated with pyometra as a complication in a bitch. The patient was presented with abdominal pain, excessive vulvar licking, anorexia and lethargy. The vulva was found hypoplastic, flushed and without any discharge. Ultrasonography revealed an enlarged tip of the left uterine horn filled with fluid. Blood laboratory analysis showed a marked leukocytosis, so diagnosis of pyometra was made. Laparotomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed. During the operation unilateral segmental aplasia of the right uterine horn was observed. This is a very rare case of segmental aplasia of the uterus associated with hypoplasia of the vulva and with clinical signs of systemic disease in the bitch.

scholarly journals RECURRENT PITUITARY APOPLEXY IN AN ADENOMA WITH SWITCHING PHENOTYPES

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. e221-e224
Author(s):  
Teresa V. Brown ◽  
Khadeen C. Cheesman ◽  
Kalmon D. Post
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Objective: To describe an unusual presentation of a patient with recurrent pituitary apoplexy of an adenoma that switched phenotypes from a nonfunctioning, or silent gonadotroph adenoma (SGA), to a silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA). We discuss the potential etiologies of both recurrent pituitary apoplexy and phenotype switching of pituitary tumors. Methods: The presented case includes clinical and biochemical findings, surgical outcomes, and pathologic reports related to the treatment of our patient who presented with recurrent pituitary apoplexy. Results: A 56-year-old man presented for evaluation of decreased libido and was found to have a low testosterone level. A pituitary magnetic resonance image demonstrated an 8-mm pituitary adenoma. He underwent transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) to remove the tumor and pathology demonstrated an SGA immunopositive for luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone with evidence of apoplexy. Eight years later, the patient underwent another TSS after developing acute-onset headache, vomiting, and a cranial nerve palsy. Pathology at this time showed a necrotic tumor consistent with apoplexy with negative immunostains for all pituitary tumors. Three years after this, the tumor recurred and after another TSS the tumor stained positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone but was negative for luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone with hemorrhage consistent with apoplexy. A few years afterward, he again developed acute-onset headache and cranial nerve palsies and had another TSS. On pathology, the tumor demonstrated extensive necrosis consistent with apoplexy and again stained positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone. The patient was then referred for radiation therapy and was subsequently lost to follow up. Conclusion: Recurrent pituitary apoplexy in the same patient has only been described 3 times in the literature. There have been no case reports of a pituitary adenoma that switched phenotypes from an SGA to SCA. We suggest that pituitary apoplexy may recur multiple times due to a tumor with particularly fragile vessel walls and increased vascularization. We review the literature that suggests clinical and molecular similarities between SGAs and SCAs. Further studies are needed to determine the etiologies of recurrent apoplexy and pituitary adenomas with switching phenotypes.

Clinical case of ultrasound diagnostics of acute inflammation of the round ligament of the liver

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
A. A. Zaychikova ◽  
A. E. Denisov ◽  
R. N. Malushenko ◽  
N. V. Filatkina
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Round Ligament ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics

The round ligament of the liver is one of the peritoneal folds running from the umbilical foramen to the anterior part of the left sagittal longitudinal sulcus of the liver. Acute inflammation of the round ligament of the liver is a rather rare disease. The clinical picture of the disease has no specific signs. This article presents a rare case of ultrasound diagnostics of primary isolated inflammation of the round ligament of the liver in a patient admitted to the hospital with a clinical picture of "acute abdomen". Ultrasound signs of inflammation of the round ligament of the liver were determined. Early diagnosis of inflammation of the round ligament of the liver allows preventing the development of complications and, as a result, surgical treatment.

FEEDBACK CONTROL OF FSH IN THE MALE: ROLE OF OESTROGEN

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C. Walsh ◽  
Ronald S. Swerdloff ◽  
William D. Odell
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Oestrogen Therapy ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Oestrogen Treatment ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by radioimmunoassay in a group of elderly men following castration and oestrogen therapy. Prior to orchiectomy, mean serum concentrations of LH and FSH were within the normal range. Two days following castration, serum LH concentrations increased in all eight patients; higher levels of LH were subsequently measured in all but one patient after periods of time ranging from 49 to 210 days. Serum FSH levels, measured in three patients following castration, increased in a pattern parallel to LH changes. Ethinyl oestradiol (EOe) in doses ranging from 5 to 300 μg/day was administered to ten men who had been castrated 3 to 72 months earlier. Oestrogen treatment suppressed both LH and FSH in a parellel manner in nine of ten patients. LH was first suppressed to intact levels in one of eight patients treated with 20 μg/day of EOe, in two of six patients treated with 50 μg/day, and in one patient by 80 μg/day. FSH was not suppressed to precastration levels until 50 μg/day of EOe was administered; this dose suppressed three of six patients. Higher doses of EOe (150–300 μg/day) suppressed both LH and FSH to levels below the sensitivity of the assay. These data fail to demonstrate any differential effect of oestrogen on LH and FSH release.

A rare case of a TSH/GH secreting pituitary macroadenoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Gogakos ◽  
Zoe Efstathiadou ◽  
Efrosini Tsirou ◽  
Sofia Lypiridou ◽  
Gesthimani Mintziori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenoma

Thyroidectomy in a patient with a giant multinodular nontoxic cervical retrosternal goiter

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
U. V. Kukhtenko ◽  
O. A. Kosivtsov ◽  
L. A. Ryaskov ◽  
E. I. Abramian
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Relapse ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Nontoxic Goiter ◽  
Retrosternal Goiter

A clinical case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with a giant cervical retrosternal nontoxic goiter with severe cardiac pathology is presented. Thyroidectomy from cervical access without sternotomy was performed. At the follow-up examination 5 months after the operation, instrumental and clinical signs of disease relapse were not detected.

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