scholarly journals To help patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders (patient's school)

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
T. I. Romantsova ◽  
V. A. Chernogolov ◽  
M. G. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Birth Control Pills ◽  
Minimal Stress

There are many reasons for the pathological increase in prolactin levels in the blood (hyperprolactinemia). Even minimal stress, such as taking blood for research, can lead to a short-term increase in prolactin levels. Medications such as antiemetics (metoclopramide, raglan, cerucal), psychotropic (chlorpromazine), and birth control pills can increase hormone levels. If you have an elevated prolactin level in your blood test, be sure to tell your doctor about taking these drugs. Hyperprolactinemia can also be caused by thyroid insufficiency (hypothyroidism), which is easily detected by measuring the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood and is well compensated against the background of thyroid hormone replacement therapy (L-thyroxine). After the examination excludes the presence of a number of endocrine and non-endocrine diseases, a conclusion is drawn on the existence of an independent hypothalamic-pituitary pathology - hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism (GH).

scholarly journals Birth control pills and risk of hypothyroidism: a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2012

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e046607
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Qiu ◽  
Yuanyuan Hu ◽  
Zhichao Xing ◽  
Qingyu Fu ◽  
Jingqiang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Control ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Control Pills

ObjectiveThe association between use of birth control pills and thyroid function in women has not ever been well studied, but potential risk has been implicated by small sample-sized studies. We aimed to determine this association using a large epidemiological survey.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the USA from 2007 to 2012.ParticipantsFemale respondents aged 18+ who had data on history of taking birth control pills and thyroid function were included. History of taking birth control pills was based on responses on the reproductive health questionnaire. Participants not on antithyroid medication with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) >5.6 mIU/L and those on thyroid hormone replacement regardless of TSH were categorised as hypothyroid. Participants not on thyroid hormone replacement or antithyroid medication who had TSH between 0.34 mIU/L and 5.6 mIU/L were classified as euthyroid.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAssociation between use of birth control pills and hypothyroidism based on multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 5116 female adults with history of taking birth control pills (n=3034) and without (n=2082) were included. A higher prevalence of hypothyroidism was found in those who have ever taken birth control pills (17.7% vs 14.1%; p=0.003). Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for confounding covariables, including age, race, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, history of thyroid disease, current thyroid disease, first menstrual age, pregnancy history, menopause status and history of hormone replacement use, demonstrated a significant association between history of taking birth control pills for more than 10 years and hypothyroidism (OR, 3.837; 95% CI 1.402 to 10.500; p=0.009).ConclusionsLonger history of using birth control pills was strongly associated with hypothyroidism, especially for more than 10 years.

Lithium treatment and thyroid dysfunction – data from an inpatient psychiatric department

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S545-S545
Author(s):  
M. Lázaro ◽  
A. Mota ◽  
A. Moreira ◽  
R. Alves ◽  
M.A. Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychiatric Department ◽  
Term Monitoring

IntroductionLithium is among the most effective therapies for bipolar disorder. Lithium treatment may cause hypothyroidism, goiter or to a lesser extent hyperthyroidism, since it can affect several aspects of thyroid functioning. The prevalence of lithium-associated hypothyroidism varies extensively between studies, reaching up to 47%, and affecting more females than males (5:1).ObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in an acute inpatient psychiatric department dedicated to affective disorders and its association with lithium therapy.AimsTo review the relation between lithium treatment and thyroid dysfunction.MethodsObservational, descriptive and retrospective study with clinical and laboratorial data concerning all inpatient episodes of 2015 in our Psychiatric Department. A non-systematic literature search was performed in PubMed.ResultsThe present study documented a high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, particularly in women. Most cases were due to either hypothyroidism or subclinical hypothyroidism. Patients treated with lithium were more often under thyroid hormone replacement therapy (levothyroxine).ConclusionsThe evidence that lithium treatment is associated with hypothyroidism is well established and this condition is easily treatable with levothyroxine. This study highlights the importance of baseline screening of thyroid function and regular long-term monitoring in patients treated with lithium.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Hypothyroidism with Ascites

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Md Titu Miah ◽  
Raihan Rotap Khan ◽  
Zannatun Nur ◽  
Syed Mohammad Ali Romel ◽  
Md Kamal Hossain Patwary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Unnecessary Procedures ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Key Words Ascites

Primary hypothyroidism is a common clinical condition. Ascites caused by hypothyroidism is rare. So its diagnosis is often delayed and patients frequently receive unnecessary procedures such as liver biopsies and exploratory laparotomies. We report a male person of 58 years with hypothyroidism with ascites who responded well with thyroid hormone replacement therapy with complete resolution of ascites. Analyses of ascites from patients in this condition usually shows exudative ascites with high protein (>2.5 g/dL) and SAAG < 1.1 gm/dl. High index of suspicion is required to reach at such diagnosis. Though it is a rare but prognosis is excellent with replacement therapy. Key words: Ascites, Hypothyroidism.   doi: 10.3329/jom.v10i2.2828   J MEDICINE 2009; 10 : 121-123

scholarly journals Combination Treatment with T4 and T3: Toward Personalized Replacement Therapy in Hypothyroidism?

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2256-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Biondi ◽  
Leonard Wartofsky
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hormone Action ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Action ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Abstract Context: Levothyroxine therapy is the traditional lifelong replacement therapy for hypothyroid patients. Over the last several years, new evidence has led clinicians to evaluate the option of combined T3 and T4 treatment to improve the quality of life, cognition, and peripheral parameters of thyroid hormone action in hypothyroidism. The aim of this review is to assess the physiological basis and the results of current studies on this topic. Evidence Acquisition: We searched Medline for reports published with the following search terms: hypothyroidism, levothyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroid, guidelines, treatment, deiodinases, clinical symptoms, quality of life, cognition, mood, depression, body weight, heart rate, cholesterol, bone markers, SHBG, and patient preference for combined therapy. The search was restricted to reports published in English since 1970, but some reports published before 1970 were also incorporated. We supplemented the search with records from personal files and references of relevant articles and textbooks. Parameters analyzed included the rationale for combination treatment, the type of patients to be selected, the optimal T4/T3 ratio, and the potential benefits of this therapy on symptoms of hypothyroidism, quality of life, mood, cognition, and peripheral parameters of thyroid hormone action. Evidence Synthesis: The outcome of our analysis suggests that it may be time to consider a personalized regimen of thyroid hormone replacement therapy in hypothyroid patients. Conclusions: Further prospective randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify this important issue. Innovative formulations of the thyroid hormones will be required to mimic a more perfect thyroid hormone replacement therapy than is currently available.

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