scholarly journals Procesos de remoción en masa y riesgos asociados en Zacapoaxtla, Puebla

2012 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Roberto Carlos Borja Baeza ◽  
Irasema Alcántara Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Index Mapping

El relieve de la República Mexicana, montañoso en su mayor parte, favorece la ocurrencia de procesos de remoción en masa, condición que se manifestó en octubre de 1999 con cientos de movimientos del terreno en la Sierra Norte de Puebla, detonados por las intensas lluvias ocasionadas por la tormenta tropical número 11. Zacapoaxtla, junto con otros municipios de la zona, tales como Teziutlán, Totomoxtla, Zapotitlán de Méndez, etc., se vio afectado en un alto grado por estos fenómenos. La incidencia de tales procesos fue resultado en gran medida de la interacción entre las características geológicas y geomorfológicas existentes, y de las actividades humanas que han alterado el medio. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis de inestabilidad de laderas a partir de la modelación de la interacción del relieve, la concentración de humedad y las propiedades de los materiales, utilizando el índice de estabilidad SINMAP (Stability Index Mapping) a través de un Modelo Digital del Terreno (MDT) del municipio de Zacapoaxtla en la plataforma del SIG ArcView. Los resultados de dicho análisis fueron combinados con un índice de vulnerabilidad desarrollado con base en datos de población y vivienda con la finalidad de elaborar el mapa de riesgos por procesos de remoción en masa para el municipio de Zacapoaxtla.

PENGARUH KECENDERUNGAN PERUBAHAN CURAH HUJAN TERHADAP LONGSOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Deyana Lutfita Kanos
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Index Mapping

<p>Tanah longsor merupakan bencana geologi terbesar ke tiga dan seringkali terjadi di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia seperti Kabupaten Kebumen yang sering mengalami tanah longsor yakni memiliki 580 kejadian longsor tersebar di 247 titik selama 7 tahun terakhir dikarenakan letak geografis daerah tropis yang memiliki curah hujan tinggi hingga 4000 mm/tahun yakni pada 1984.  Sehubungan dengan perubahan iklim, terdapat prediksi kecenderungan perubahan curah hujan pemicu longsor terbagi dalam tiga kategori; 51–100 mm/hari, 71–140 mm/3 hari, dan 81–160 mm/5 hari diperhitungkan menggunakan metode Mann-Kendall yang ditempatkan berdasarkan wilayah Poligon <em>Thiessen</em>. Identifikasi potensi tanah longsor menggunakan metode <em>Stability Index Mapping</em> (SINMAP) dengan variabel kemiringan lereng, jenis tanah, dan curah hujan. Analisis spasial bertujuan untuk memaparkan kaitan antara kecenderungan perubahan curah hujan terhadap kejadian longsor. Kaitan antara kecenderungan perubahan curah hujan yang di <em>overlay</em> dengan kejadian longsor dan potensi longsor merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini sehingga dapat terlihat bagaimana kecenderungan curah hujan di masa mendatang pada lokasi potensi dan rawan tanah longsor. Hasil analisis kecenderungan perubahan curah hujan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan curah hujan yang signifikan di beberapa wilayah seperti Karanganyar dan menurun seperti di Rantewringin. Kejadian longsor dan potensi longsor tinggi di dominasi pada bagian utara dan barat daya Kabupaten Kebumen, potensi sedang di sekitar potensi tinggi, dan potensi rendah paling mendominasi.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: subjek <em>Kecenderungan, Curah Hujan, Mann-Kendall, Thiessen, Longsor, SINMAP, Sistem Informasi Geografi, Overlay, Analisis Spasial, Kebumen</em></p>

scholarly journals Multihazard Mapping of Banepa and Panauti Municipalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Laxmi Thapa ◽  
Shrijana Panta ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Raut ◽  
Florencia Mana Tuladhar ◽  
Janak Raj Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Susceptibility Map ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Inundation Maps ◽  
Index Mapping ◽  
Hazard Assessments

A combination of rough topography, steep slopes, active tectonic and seismic process and intense impact of monsoon rain has made the fragile environment of Nepal vulnerable to a variety of natural hazards. Most frequent hazards are floods, landslides, epidemics, fires, earthquake and other hydro-meteorological disasters, causing heavy loss of human lives as well as economic loss including housing and infrastructures (MDRIP, 2009). Hence, hazard assessments are the need of the hour. They help district and regional decision makers, policy makers and development agencies prepare disaster risk reduction plans. The chosen study area was Banepa and Panauti municipality. Separate hazard assessments have been performed for four hazards, namely, earthquake, flood, landslide and industrial hazards.Earthquake hazard zone maps have been made following the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) approach for 500 year return period to produce seismic intensity distribution maps in the form of Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) maps using Trifunac and Brady formula. Flood inundation maps have been made using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS extension for ArcGIS for return periods of 2, 10 and 500 of Chandeswori and Punyamata rivers. Landslide hazard susceptibility map has been made using the Stability Index Mapping (SINMAP) extension for ArcGIS that uses an infinite-slope equation accurate for debris flows. Industrial hazard maps that depict the vicinity that falls within various ranges of danger in the event of different industrial hazards like fire, Vapor Cloud Explosion (VCE) and Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) have been prepared as well. Finally, a composite multi hazard map has been prepared by combining all the four hazards.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -13, 2014, Page: 25-31

scholarly journals Landslide Disasters Triggered by Extreme Rainfall Events: The Case of Montescaglioso (Basilicata, Southern Italy)

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Lazzari ◽  
Marco Piccarreta
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Landslide Event ◽  
Index Mapping ◽  
Landslide Body ◽  
Collapsed Buildings ◽  
Disaster Event

We present the results of the study of a large and rapid landslide disaster event, which occurred in Montescaglioso, southern Italy, on 3 December 2013. The studied landslide developed following extreme rainfalls in a zone characterized by a stabilized paleo-landslide body and anthropized in time, filling some streams of the original hydrographic network. The morpho-topographic setting characterizing the slope before the new landslide, has showed, in fact, a substantial stability confirmed also by the application of SINMAP (Stability Index MAPping) analysis. Nevertheless, heavy rains and floods caused a powerful and spectacular landslide event because of the anthropic removal of the old drainage network, which has caused the heaviness of the slope located upstream of the 20 collapsed buildings and along the ill-drained quick-road, built transversely to the slope.

scholarly journals Risk level of landslide hazard at Probolinggo district, East Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Ratna Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Hilly Terrain ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Index Mapping ◽  
Elevation Model

Landslide is the third largest disaster in Indonesia, including in Probolinggo. Approximately 50% of Probolinggo regency area is a potential landslide region. This area is located in the southern part of Probolinggo regency with hilly terrain and slopes. The number of landslide events in 2015-2016 is recorded 21 events. Potential landslide hazard was analyzed by SINMAP (Stability Index Mapping) method using physic condition, slope, digital elevation model, and rainfall. The risk level of landslide hazard is derived from the crosstab between landslide hazard potential and vulnerability index covering exposure aspect, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity with variables consisting of population density, livelihood, the proportion of the vulnerable population, building quality, and the number of poor households. The high risk of landslide hazard in Probolinggo regency is found in four districts of Lumbang, Pakuniran, and Kotaanyar sub-district. Potential landslide areas are spread in the south of Probolinggo Regency, especially in Krucil subdistrict with 15-40 % slopes. Based on the spread of landslide location, as many as 81% of landslide locations occur in high and medium landslide potential areas.

scholarly journals Avaliação de Suscetibilidade a Movimentos de Vertente em Terraços Agrícolas pela Aplicação de Modelos Matemáticos de Base Física

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Faria ◽  
Carlos Valdir de Meneses Bateira ◽  
Sofia Oliveira ◽  
Joana Fernandes ◽  
Fernando Marques
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Shallow Landslide ◽  
Landslide Stability ◽  
Stability Model ◽  
Index Mapping

O artigo efetua a avaliação da suscetibilidade a deslizamentos, em terraços com talude em terra, no vale do Douro. São aplicados modelos matemáticos de base física: SHAllow Landslide STABility model e Stability INdex MAPping. Os modelos aplicados combinam os conceitos de talude infinito e, fluxo hidrológico em estado estacionário. Ambos os modelos, de suscetibilidade, utilizam as seguintes propriedades do solo: coesão, ângulo de atrito, peso específico do solo e espessura do solo. O SINMAP aplica ainda a coesão das raízes. Uma das principais diferenças entre os modelos refere-se à definição das áreas contributivas. O SHALSTAB utiliza o fluxo de direções múltiplas (MFD) e o SINMAP utiliza o fluxo de direções infinitas (D∞). A validação dos resultados foi realizada com base no inventário de deslizamentos, seguindo o método da matriz de contingência. Dos resultados obtidos, o SHALSTAB classifica corretamente 77% dos deslizamentos e o SINMAP 90% de deslizamentos. Contrariamente, o índice de falsos positivos do SHALSTAB é significativamente mais elevado (67%) enquanto o SINMAP apresenta (83%). No que se refere à relação entre os Índices de Verdadeiros Positivos e de Falsos Positivos o SHALSTAB apresenta um melhor balanço entre a predição dos deslizamentos e a dimensão das áreas definidas como instáveis com 1,14, relativamente a 1,09 apresentado pelo SINMAP.

scholarly journals CALIBRATION OF DISTRIBUTED SHALLOW LANDSLIDE MODELS IN FORESTED LANDSCAPES

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Battista Bischetti ◽  
Enrico Antonio Chiaradia
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Shallow Landslide ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Root Cohesion ◽  
Susceptibility Maps ◽  
Index Mapping ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
The Stability

<p>In mountainous-forested soil mantled landscapes all around the world, rainfall-induced shallow landslides are one of the most common hydro-geomorphic hazards, which frequently impact the environment and human lives and properties. In order to produce shallow landslide susceptibility maps, several models have been proposed in the last decade, combining simplified steady state topography- based hydrological models with the infinite slope scheme, in a GIS framework. In the present paper, two of the still open issues are investigated: the assessment of the validity of slope stability models and the inclusion of root cohesion values. In such a perspective the “Stability INdex MAPping” has been applied to a small forested pre-Alpine catchment, adopting different calibrating approaches and target indexes. The Single and the Multiple Calibration Regions modality and three quantitative target indexes – the common Success Rate (SR), the Modified Success Rate (MSR), and a Weighted Modified Success Rate (WMSR) herein introduced – are considered. The results obtained show that the target index can 34 003_Bischetti(569)_23 1-12-2010 9:48 Pagina 34 significantly affect the values of a model’s parameters and lead to different proportions of stable/unstable areas, both for the Single and the Multiple Calibration Regions approach. The use of SR as the target index leads to an over-prediction of the unstable areas, whereas the use of MSR and WMSR, seems to allow a better discrimination between stable and unstable areas. The Multiple Calibration Regions approach should be preferred, using information on space distribution of vegetation to define the Regions. The use of field-based estimation of root cohesion and sliding depth allows the implementation of slope stability models (SINMAP in our case) also without the data needed for calibration. To maximize the inclusion of such parameters into SINMAP, however, the assumption of a uniform distribution of probability of the parameters must be overtaken. In small and steep catchments where there is an intrinsic susceptibility to instability phenomena, moreover, an additional class of low probability of instability (0.81)&lt;1.0) has been proposed to better discriminate the areas classified as unstable.</p>

Scaling risk assessment in a closed circuit recycled board mill by speciation methods

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK HUBER ◽  
SYLVIE NIVELON ◽  
PATRICE NORTIER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Local Scaling ◽  
Water Analyses ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
Speciation Calculation

Calcium carbonate scaling often is a critical problem for recycled board mills that have closed water circuits. The objective of this study was to determine local scaling risks throughout the production process. To predict scaling potential, we calculated several saturation indexes, based on speciation determined from detailed water analyses. Calculated scaling trends are in accordance with observed dissolution and precipitation of calcium carbonate in the process, when considering local aeration phenomena. The importance of volatile fatty acids (resulting from anaerobic bacterial activity) in calco-carbonic equilibriums is discussed, and taken into account in the speciation calculation. We also demonstrate the need to measure inorganic carbon instead of alkalinity in such conditions. This makes typical scaling indexes, such as the Ryznar Stability Index, irrelevant to predict scaling risk in closed circuit conditions; thus, it is necessary to use general speciation methods, as described in this paper.

Unbalanced Radial Distribution Systems Voltage Stability Index Using Extreme Learning Machine

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Dimas Fajar Uman Putra ◽  
Ontoseno Penangsang ◽  
Adi Soeprijanto ◽  
Hajime Miyauchi
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Learning Machine ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Voltage Stability Index ◽  
Learning Machine

SELECTION WORK TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVE AND BREWING QUALITIES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
О. V. Levakova ◽  
L. М. Eroshenko ◽  
А. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Labile Phosphorus ◽  
Loam Soil

The article presents and analyzes data of competitive varietal testing of promising varieties and lines of spring barley for yield and brewing qualities. Field studies were conducted in 2014–2017 on dark gray forest heavy loam soil. Agrochemical parameters are total nitrogen – 0.24%, humus content in a layer of 0-40 cm (according to Tyurin) – 5.19%, hydrolysis nitrogen – 123.5 mg / kg, salt extract pH – 4.92 mg-eq / 100g; labile phosphorus - 34.6 mg / 100g, labile potassium – 20.0 mg / 100g. The forerunner is winter wheat. Meteorological conditions in the years of research differed from each other and from the average long-term value. Barley samples were assessed by the protein content in the grain (GOST 10846-91), extract content (GOST 12130-77), weight 1000 grains (GOST 10842-89). Ecological plasticity was determined by the method proposed by E.D. Nettevich, A.I. Morgunov and M.I. Maksimenko, stability index (Ľ) by A. A. Gryaznov, indicator of stability level (Puss) by E. D. Nettevich and A. I. Morgunov. The main measure for assessing quality indicators is protein content. Many other biochemical and technological features of grain depend on its level. The experimental data convincingly testify to the significant influence of the soil and climatic conditions on the yield and, especially, on the brewing qualities of barley in the conditions of the Central Region of the Nonchernozem Zone. According to the studied traits, new valuable varieties Nadezhny, Sir, Noble and selection lines 141 / 1-09 h 746, 23 / 1-10 h 784, distinguished by high adaptability and resistance to adverse environmental factors, have been identified.

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