DAMPAK COVID-19 TERHADAP ABNORMAL RETURN DAN VOLUME PERDAGANGAN SAHAM

The COVID-19 pandemic is a non-natural disaster that has a huge impact around the world. This research is a quantitative research with event study method. The purpose of this research is to test the capital market reaction by looking at abnormal returns and trading volume activity before and after the COVID-19 non-natural disaster. The event day in this study was April 13rd, 2020 when the Presidential Decree was issued regarding the designation of COVID-19 as a national disaster. Using purposive sampling method, the sample of this study were 27 companies engaged in the hotel, restaurant, and tourism sub-sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The event period is 11 days, namely 5 days before the event, 1 day at the time of the event and 5 days after the event. Data analysis using t-test and wilxocon signed ranks test. The results of this study are: 1) there is no abnormal return during the event period, 2) there is no difference in the average abnormal return before and after the COVID-19 non-natural disaster event, 3) there is no difference in the average trading volume activity before and after the COVID-19 non-natural disaster event and after the COVID-19 non-natural disaster event. Keywords: Event Study, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity, COVID-19.

Multi-Disaster Management Strategy in Indonesia

Managing natural disasters amid the Covid-19 pandemic needs a special strategic approach. Indonesia, as a natural disaster-prone country, is now facing a problem due to areas with high vulnerability and a lack of disaster literacy. A multi-disaster e.g., the occurrence of natural disasters in the middle of Covid-19) management strategy is badly needed to face up to this situation. This paper offers a multi-disaster management strategy based on empirical experience as a reference for stakeholders, especially government at all levels. Five strategies are offered to overcome the impacts of a multi-disaster event, especially in natural disaster-prone areas with high Covid-19 case rates. Strengthening government institutions is the first priority to be addressed as coordination among government at all levels (from central to regency and city governments) will minimize the casualties. Logistic and infrastructure arrangements should be well managed to avoid any panic and chaos during multi-disasters. Recruitment of volunteers could be very helpful during the emergency response stage. Provision of evacuation sites and temporary shelters that meet the Covid-19 requirements is a must to prevent virus spread during evacuation and emergency response stages. Last but not least, increasing individual disaster literacy should be considered an essential component of a multi-disaster management strategy. Finally, well-managed coordination between all stakeholders is paramount, especially in natural disaster-prone areas with a high level of Covid-19 spread.

Policymakers’ perspectives on responding to the elderly’s mental health needs in post-disaster situations

Background: Mental health issues following the occurrence of disaster remain neglected area especially for older people group. The purpose of this study was to explore stakeholders’ perspectives on post-disaster management related to the elderly’s mental health needs.Design and Methods: This qualitative case study was conducted between June and October 2020. The investigators conducted in-depth interviews with policymakers who were in charge of disaster management at national, provincial, and regional levels. The policymakers were selected through purposive sampling. A policy analysis was conducted by the investigators to answer the research question.Results: The results were presented based on actor, content, context, and process. The actors engage in intersectoral collaboration between disaster agencies, health agencies, and social agencies. The content is largely comprehensive; however, the disaster management policy should not neglect to address mental health conditions after a disaster event. The context is the vulnerability and risk of the elderly in terms of experiencing physical and mental issues after a disaster, which should be considered by policymakers in Indonesia. The process is the development of disaster management policies, which are influenced by cultural, economic, political, and international factors.Conclusion: This study reveals that stakeholders need to pay attention to the mental health issue of elderly in national and regional policy, particularly during post-disaster situations. In addition, posttraumatic stress in post-disaster situations should be highlighted in order to formulate a better aged care policy.

Fostering Disaster Mitigation Through Community Participation- Case of Kochi Residents Following The Kerala Floods of 2018 And 2019

Community participation has grown in prominence in mitigating disasters globally. It involves the active involvement in search and rescue to reconstruction that people affected by disasters undertake unsolicited. Predictive power in disaster recovery has further increased its relevance. However, quantitative analysis that community participation has on disaster mitigation measures is scant.The study analyses community participation’s impact on disaster mitigation measures following the Kochi flood of 2018 and 2019 in India. We use a Multivariate Probit Regression model with a sample size of 750 to analyse the relationship between disaster mitigation measures (namely, disaster event planning, previous experience, following disaster-related news closely, and neighbourhood relationship) and community participation. Results show participants who were active in community events were 23% more likely to adopt all the disaster mitigation measures than those who did not. In addition, households with special-needs members were more likely to be prepared for an unanticipated event. Results also showed higher education levels directly correlated to implementing more significant disaster mitigation measures. Implications for government policy formation include schemes to enhance community rehabilitation and promote social participation to mitigate future disaster events.

Personnel needs assessment in times of crisis: a focus on management of disasters

Purpose This study aims to explain the importance of human resources and attempts to identify the competencies required by the personnel involved in disaster management operations. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a qualitative methodology to explore the competencies required by the relief workers using a content analysis approach to analyze the disaster literature and the job advertisements. The data for the content analysis was developed with the help of 23 independent coders, and exploratory inferences were drawn. Findings A detailed review of the literature highlighted the importance of competent personnel in disaster relief organizations. The analysis listed 34 mutually exclusive competencies and their relative importance, which were further divided into four competency clusters. The study also creates a competency dictionary that defines the competencies with the expected behaviors. Practical implications Deploying the right resources in the acute time frame during a disaster event can make a difference, and with lives at stake, such deployment acquires prime importance. In addition to contributing to humanitarian logistics literature, the competency model developed will also help forecast the future requirements and help the organization choose “the right person for the right job.” Originality/value The inferences drawn in the study are based on disaster management areas, unlike earlier research which also considered business logistics research.

Conflict and cooperation in the age of COVID-19: the Israeli–Palestinian case

How do disasters influence conflict and diplomacy in conflict areas? The scholarship shows that while they can provide opportunities for cooperation and ‘disaster diplomacy’ between parties to a conflict, they can also intensify tension and hostility. This article uses the Israeli–Palestinian conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, exploring the impact of the crisis on relations between the rival parties and examining the conditions under which an ongoing pandemic might lead to either conflict or cooperation in a conflict area. The research is based on within-case analysis, comparing three conflict arenas: Israel–Palestinian Authority relations in the West Bank; relations between Israel and the Palestinian community in East Jerusalem; and Israel–Hamas government relations in the Gaza strip. The article outlines the possibilities and limitations of ‘disaster diplomacy’ in intractable conflicts and contributes to the literature by identifying how different contexts, relations and actors in each conflict arena affect the development of patterns of conflict and cooperation with regard to the pandemic. The study analyses the factors that shape how the pandemic affects the conflict, and the COVID-19-related diplomacy, in each sub-case, with attention to three main variables: the structure of the conflict arena, domestic politics and the developments in the pandemic. The analysis addresses the unique conditions of an ongoing global pandemic, as opposed to an isolated disaster event, and traces the changing impact of the pandemic on the conflict and on disaster-related cooperation at various stages.

THE COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT STRATEGY IN FACING THE POTENTIAL EARTHQUAKES IN SURABAYA: A LITERATURE REVIEW

<div><p class="Els-history-head">In all communities, there is local wisdom and values that are formed from the disaster experience and the efforts to manage the disaster in the past. There is a lot of local wisdom that develops in the community, so each region will mark the earthquake events in its way. Every disaster event by the community is marked by various unique ways so that future generations could remember and learn from the previous disasters. This diversity of local wisdom needs to be deepened through literature studies so that lessons can be obtained from other regions to inspire the implementation of community empowerment in the city of Surabaya to face the potential for earthquakes. To analyze how community empowerment can enhance the Surabaya community earthquake disaster resilience. This is a Literature Review, that collected articles using the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. The author filtered and selected according to inclusions criteria. The results of the literature study obtained a proposed strategy design that can be used to increase participation in the context of Surabaya community empowerment. This literature could be accommodating socio-spiritual values, increasing disaster knowledge for all levels of society, and strengthening community social systems to the lowest level.</p></div>

Konstruksi Makna Jurnalis Foto Kebencanaan dalam Karya Foto Jurnalistik

Journalists are one of the professions that demands a honesty and fairness for the culprit, because the journalist is as one the real form of information through media for a wide audience in the process of delivering messages through the mass media. Competent journalists must master the science of Communication in both the mass Communication, communication psychology, sociology of communication, philosophy, politics, social and cultural communication. The responsibility of a journalist should always be based on the truth and to be fought. A journalist under any circumstances is required to high the instinct and its sensitivity to the situation in the field as a photojournalist assigned to the disaster area. Photos is a medium with a strong image or visual message content to provide information for a wide audience so that every human being in the community can feel and know the reality that occurs in the field that Portrayed by a photo journalist. The purpose of this research is how the authors will examine how the construction of the meaning of a photojournalist in a solution in the disaster area with a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach using the theory of Alfred Schutz. The results of this study concluded that the construction of photojournalist in the Media Indonesia news papper is on the basis of social awareness of individual photo journalism by analyzing the situation and conditions in the field with Armed with experience and flying hours from each photo journalist in the program and become one of the living witnesses of the historical part of a natural disaster event that occurred by capture it through the camera lens as a medium of delivering the message to a wider audience. Abstrak. Wartawan adalah salah satu profesi yang menuntut sebuah kejujuran dan keadilan bagi para pelakunya, sebab wartawan adalah sebagai salah-satu bentuk nyata sebuah informasi melalui media bagi khalayak luas dalam proses penyampaian pesan melalui media massa. Wartawan yang berkompeten harus menguasai ilmu komunikasi. Tanggung jawab seorang wartawan harus selalu berpijak pada kebenaran dan harus diperjuangkan. Seorang wartawan dalam kondisi apapun dituntut untuk menjungjung tinggi insting dan kepekaannya terhadap situasi di lapangan salah satunya menjadi wartawan foto yang ditugaskan di daerah kebencanaan. Foto merupakan sebuah media dengan kandungan pesan gambar atau visual guna yang kuat untuk memberikan informasi bagi khalayak luas agar setiap insan manusia di lingkungan masyarakat dapat merasakan serta mengetahui realitas yang terjadi di lapangan yang digambarkan oleh seorang pewarta foto. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penulis akan meneliti bagaimana konstruksi makna seorang jurnalis foto dalam peliputannya di daerah kebencanaan dengan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi menggunakan teori Alfred Schutz. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa konstruksi jurnalis foto dalam peliputan foto kebencanaan di Harian Media Indonesia atas dasar kesadaran sosial dari masing-masing individu pewarta foto dengan menganalisis situasi dan kondisi di lapangan dengan berbekal pengalaman dan jam terbang dari setiap pewarta foto dalam peliputannya dan menjadi salah satu saksi hidup dari bagian sejarah sebuah peristiwa bencana alam yang terjadi dengan mengabadikannya melalui lensa kamera sebagai medium penyampaian pesan kepada khalayak luas.

The Emergency of Prosociality: a developmental perspective on altruism and human prosocial behavior in the face of disaster

No two emergency situations are the same. A combination of human and contextual factors makes each emergency and disaster event unique in its timeline, its aftermath, and especially its impact on affected populations. Common to these situations, however, is a demonstration of prosocial behavior intended to benefit other victims. Can shared features of emergencies, viewed through the lens of evolutionary, cognitive, developmental and social psychology shed light on these prosocial and altruistic actions? In this narrative review, we survey the onset of prosociality and altruistic behavior in typical human development, and we focus on how it is expressed in emergency situations. We consider how prosociality shifts and adapts in the specific context of a pandemic. Finally, we suggest that a multidisciplinary research approach may help overcome methodological limitations and achieve more comprehensive understanding of prosociality’s underlying mechanisms in emergency contexts.