scholarly journals A hybrid active queue management technique for QoS based unicasting protocols in MANETs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.6) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Susrita Mahapatro ◽  
Prabhat Kumar sahu ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Dash
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Active Queue Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Distance Vector

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is the interconnection of several self-energy dependent mobile nodes. It is one of the self-configured and infrastructure less network. In MANET the issues are security, Quality Of Services, Congestion etc. The major issue of MANET is to control the congestion. Congestion means the network capacity is larger than the no of packets transmitted across the network.  In this paper, an effort has been made to evaluate and analyze the performance of the network by means of comparing two on-demand reactive routing protocols such as AODV [Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector] and DSR [Dynamic Source Routing] with each other along with also by comparing with DSDV [Destination Sequenced Distance Vector], which is a proactive routing protocol. The comparison is also being made under the light of two queue management techniques such as RED (Random Early Detection) and Droptail. A gateway discovery algorithm is being used by both AODV and DSR routing protocols, which uses the mechanism of connecting mobile nodes through gateway, however Bellman-Ford algorithm is being used by DSDV which uses the concept of including freedom from loops in the routing table. By means of simulation through NS-2 network simulator by varying the number of nodes, we observe that the performance differentials of AODV, DSR, and DSDV routing protocols are directed to foremost performance differentials to guarantee QoS for both of these protocols in RED and Droptail queue management techniques. There is a lot of queue management approach to minimize the congestion rate and transfer the data successfully to the destination. Two queue management techniques popularly used to manage queues in MANets are Active queue management and Passive queue management. Active queue management is widely used and RED is the most popular approach which gives low average delay, high throughput and lower packet drop rate. But RED algorithms have some drawback. So here we are using a hybrid approach, named as MRED by means of combining the features of both RED and ECN to overcome the drawbacks of RED.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of GPSR and AODV Routing Protocols in MANETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S) ◽  
pp. 459-461
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Protocol Performance ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Wireless Medium ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collection of nodes connected through wireless medium and do not require infrastructure for operation. Network Topology keeps on changing because mobility of nodes are high. Therefore, it is important for MANETs to provide excellent routing and security features. Since MANETs do not require any pre-existing infrastructure, they are extensively used in emergency and rescue and military applications. MANETs thus will form essentially an important part in wireless networks. In this paper, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) routing protocol performance is compared with respect to Throughput and E2ED and observed that there is an improvement in throughput by 11% in case of GPSR. Simulation is performed using NS3.

Energy Efficiency in Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector and Dynamic Source Routing Protocols Using High Energy First Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1920-1924
Author(s):  
M. Vanitha ◽  
A. Rajiv ◽  
M. Sathya Priya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Source Routing ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

The main issue that occurs in battery powered applications in Mobile Ad Hoc networks (MANETs) is energy efficiency. Routing protocols are mainly based on energy related parameters which are used to extend the lifetime of networks. In most of the situations Shortest path routing protocols are used in MANETs which do not consider the energy awareness. Hence power failure of the nodes affect the life time of the network. In this paper we focus on Energy efficiency in Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol by using High Energy First (HEF) algorithm to overcome the shortcomings that occur in MANETs due to increase in node density. Simulations are performed using NS-2 and we have compared the performance of AODV and DSR using HEF with the performance of existing DSR and AODV to prove the maximization of lifetime of the network. Simulation results show that the proposed protocols with HEF are efficient than the existing protocols.

Throughput and Compatibility Analysis of TCP Variants in Heterogeneous Environment

2017 ◽  
pp. 254-287
Author(s):  
Sukant Kishoro Bisoy ◽  
Prasant Kumar Pattnaik ◽  
Narendra Kumar Kamila
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Ad Hoc Routing ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Compatibility Analysis ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Tcp Vegas ◽  
Tcp Reno

When TCP Reno and TCP Vegas connections share a link, TCP Reno generally steals more bandwidth and dominates TCP Vegas because of its aggressive nature. This is the major reason why TCP Vegas has not gained much popularity and deployment in the Internet despite its excellent standalone performance. This work systematically examines compatibility between Reno and Vegas in wired as well as in wireless networks. Popular Active Queue Management (AQM) technique named as Random Early Detection (RED) to minimize the incompatibility between Reno and Vegas in wired network. For wireless network two ad hoc routing protocols such as Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) are considered. Simulation results show that the incompatibility between Reno and Vegas in wired network is minimized using popular RED techniques. But in wireless ad hoc network environment Reno's aggressive behavior gets deteriorated while sharing with Vegas. Moreover, Reno and Vegas are more compatible in wireless network than wired network when both coexist in same time.

scholarly journals MANET Routing Protocols Evaluation: AODV, DSR and DSDV Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 06024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Taha AL-Dhief ◽  
Naseer Sabri ◽  
M.S. Salim ◽  
S. Fouad ◽  
S. A. Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Distance Vector

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a set of mobile nodes that communicate with each other to configure an immediate network without utilizing any of infrastructure, the centralized access point or centralized administration in multiple hop manner. There are a lot of routing protocols have been proposed in MANET which are different from each other in the performance and the mechanism. Therefore, the performance study of those protocols in different scenarios is needed. This paper presents the performance comparison between Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad hoc on demand distance Vector Routing (AODV) as reactive routing protocols and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) as a proactive routing protocol to precisely determine which protocol is more effective. Network Simulator (NS) version 2.35 has used to simulate and evaluate the performance of these protocols in terms of the packet delivery ratio, average throughput, average end-to-end delay, and packet loss ratio with respect to the variable number of nodes.

scholarly journals Mobile ad-hoc network routing protocols of time-critical events for search and rescue missions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Marwan Hamid Hassan ◽  
Salama A. Mostafa ◽  
Hairulnizam Mahdin ◽  
Aida Mustapha ◽  
Azizul Azhar Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Time Critical

The most important experiences we discovered from several disasters are that cellular networks were vulnerable, and the loss of the communication system may have a catastrophic consequence. Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) play a significant role in the construction of campus, resident, battlefield and search/rescue region. MANET is an appropriate network for supporting a communication where is no permanent infrastructure. MANET is an effective network that uses to establishing urgent communication between rescue members in critical situations like, disaster or natural calamities. The sending and receiving data in MANET is depending on the routing protocols to adapt the dynamic topology and maintain the routing information. Consequently, This paper evaluates the performance of three routing protocols in MANET: ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV), and ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV). These protocols are inherent from different types of routing protocols: single-path, multi-path, reactive and proactive mechanisms. The NS2 simulator is utilized to evaluate the quality of these protocols. Several metrics are used to assess the performance of these protocols such: packet delivery ratio (PDR), packet loss ratios (PLR), throughput (TP), and end-to-end delay (E2E delay). The outcomes reveal the AOMDV is the most suitable protocol for time-critical events of search and rescue missions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Blackhole Attack in AODV and DS

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Niranjan Panda ◽  
Binod Kumar Pattanayak
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Black Hole Attack ◽  
Source Routing ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Dynamic Source Routing ◽  
Blackhole Attack ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Hoc Networks

<p class="western" style="margin-top: 0.21cm; margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%;" lang="en-US" align="justify"><span>Mo</span><strong><span>b</span></strong><span>ile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are supreme ruler and demoralization wireless scheme. MANETs are infrastructure less i.e. their structure is not fixed, and the nodes be able to move about and can leave the network whenever they want. The nodes are to perform as more over router and host. In MANETs, the node can be in contact with every node as their configuration is not fixed and the nodes starts transmitting the packets to each other for the establishment of the connection. To hitch the link, the nodes make use of some routing protocols like Ad-Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), and DestinationSequenced Distance Vector (DSDV). Security in MANET is the key matter meant for the fundamental utility of network. There are many attacks caused in MANET. Blackhole attack is one that occurs in MANET. A Black hole attack is an attack where the node, which is malicious advertise itself as having the optimal route to the destination and drops all the packets instead of forwarding further to the destination. Here, we have shown the blackhole attack in AODV and DSR. Through simulation we evaluate the performance of the two above protocols under blackhole attack.</span></p>

scholarly journals Performance investigations of internet protocol versions for mobile Ad-hoc network based on qualnet simulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Jaber H. Majeed ◽  
Najmah Abed Habeeb ◽  
Waleed Khalid Al-Azzawi
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Architecture Model ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Demand Routing

<span>A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) can be seen as a mobile nodes collection having no support of fixed infrastructure and therefore its communication is totally dependent on the network's nodes. As a result of the mobility of nodes, rapid and unpredictable changes occur within the mobile ad hoc network (MANET) arrangements. Therefore, this makes the analysis of routing protocols very crucial so as to enhance efficient communication between the wireless nodes. IPv4 and IpV6 within the MANET is another issue of concern. IPv4 which has been traditionally used for ages and IPv6; predicted to be the forthcoming network architecture model is investigated because of its protection which has been improved as well as its enormous address space provision. The analysis on Ad Hoc On Demand Vector and Dynamic Manet On Demand routing protocols are performed using Qualnet simulator under the IPv4 and IPv6 standards. A thorough evaluation of the usability and functionality of the simulator software is carried out. The metrics for performance are; Throughput, End-to-End Delay and Average jitter. Afterwards, analyses and summary of the results is conducted and summarized in order to make available an assessment of their performances.</span>

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