scholarly journals Synthesis of Linear Array Antenna with Wide Range of beamwidths using DE Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Challaram Grandhi ◽  
N. Grandhi1*, N.Venkateswara rao
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
De Algorithm ◽  
Wide Range

In many communication systems like Radar and point to point micro links there is a need of both narrow and wide beams. In target applications Antennas with narrow beam width is required on the other hand, for spy application antennas with wider beam width are required. Generally, for linear array antennas the beams width will be narrowed by increase in the number of elements in the array. To obtain narrow beams without a significant increase in the number of radiation elements in the array, the optimization algorithms are used. By the use of optimization algorithms the wider beams can also be employed in reverse procedure of choosing the highest output for a given set of random inputs. These wide ranges of beam width are obtained without any increase in the side lobe levels that is, by maintaining the side lobe level below -20db. Random stochastic methods like Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Genetic algorithm (GA), Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) and Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE) are used and the results are compared.  

scholarly journals Synthesis of Linear Array Antenna for Required Range of Beam Width Using Optimization Algorithms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.31) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
N Venkateswara rao ◽  
G Challa Ram
Keyword(s):  
Linear Array ◽  
Optimization Algorithms ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evolution Algorithm

In an application like radar there is a need for a wide range of Beam widths depending on whether the radar is operating in search mode or tracking mode. Wide range of beam widths can be achieved by using optimization algorithms like Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) and Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE). The desired beam width should be achieved without any significant increase in the side lobe level (SLL). This can be done by optimizing both SLL and FNBW simultaneously. Synthesis of linear array antenna for a fixed range of beam width is obtained by using the proposed methodology. The results for simultaneous optimization of FNBW and SLL using BBO and DE algorithms are compared.  

Optimum design of linear and circular antenna arrays using equilibrium optimization algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ali Durmus ◽  
Rifat Kurban
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level

Abstract In this paper, equilibrium optimization algorithm (EOA), which is a novel optimization algorithm, is applied to synthesize symmetrical linear antenna array and non-uniform circular antenna array (CAA). The main purpose of antenna array synthesis is to achieve a radiation pattern with low maximum side lobe level (MSL) and narrow half-power beam width (HPBW) in far-field. The low MSL here is an important parameter to reduce interference from other communication systems operating in the same frequency band. A narrow HPBW is needed to achieve high directionality in antenna radiation patterns. Entering the literature as a novel optimization technique, EOA optimally determined the amplitude and position values of the array elements to obtain a radiation pattern with a low MSL and narrow HPBW. The EOA is inspired by models of the control volume mass balance used to predict equilibrium as well as dynamic states. To demonstrate the flexibility and performance of the proposed algorithm, 10-element, 16-element and 24-element linear arrays and eight-element, 10-element and 12-element CAAs are synthesized. The MSL and HPBW values of radiation pattern obtained with the EOA are very successful compared to the results of other optimization methods in the literature.

scholarly journals A Multiple Beamforming Network for Unequally Spaced Linear Array Based on CORPS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Arce ◽  
Marco Cardenas-Juarez ◽  
Ulises Pineda-Rico ◽  
David H. Covarrubias ◽  
Enrique Stevens-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Linear Array ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Power Combiners ◽  
Unequally Spaced ◽  
Beam Design ◽  
Evolution Algorithm

This paper proposes an alternative and innovative way to design a simpler beamforming network (BFN) based on balancing alternated power combiners and dividers, to feed a nonuniformly spaced linear array with Gaussian amplitude and coherent (in-phase) signals. Thus, a two-beam design configuration of the feeding network for a nonuniform array with beam steering capability is proposed and analyzed. The nonuniform aperture and the complex inputs of the feeding network are optimized by means of a differential evolution algorithm. In addition, a comparative analysis between a uniform and nonuniform linear array with the proposed feeding network is performed. Simulation results show the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed feeding network exploiting the nonuniformity of the antenna elements, in terms of side lobe level and directivity. Furthermore, research results show an inherent reduction in hardware complexity of the network.

scholarly journals Wideband Frequency Invariant Array Synthesis Based on Matrix Singular Value Decomposition

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 2039
Author(s):  
Le Xu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Xiaoqun Chen ◽  
Feng Wei ◽  
Xiaowei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Singular Value Decomposition ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Singular Value ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Broadband Antenna ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Half Power ◽  
Value Decomposition

In this paper, an analytic method for frequency invariant (FI) array synthesis is proposed based on matrix singular value decomposition. By grouping the elements of FI array into a few subarrays, the FI pattern in the whole frequency band is realized. Using this algorithm, the number of sub arrays is reduced. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can synthesize the 64-element broadband FI array in 0.52 s. For the 18-element linear array, the half power beam width (HPBW) changes less than 0.6 degrees in the bandwidth. Moreover, the range of HPBW variation decreases rapidly along with the increase in the number of elements. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by synthesizing FI array with low side lobe level (SLL), beam scanning, and notch requirements. The examples in this paper show that the proposed algorithm can achieve better pattern characteristics with fewer elements. Finally, a broadband antenna with 2:1 bandwidth is improved, and two FI arrays of 23 elements and 64 elements are formed by using the antenna. The active pattern of the array element is introduced into the proposed algorithm, and two FI arrays synthesized by the algorithm are simulated by full wave software.

scholarly journals Optimal Pattern Synthesis of Linear Array and Broadband Design of Whip Antenna Using Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hengfeng Wang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Huaning Wu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Xu Xie
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Pattern Synthesis ◽  
Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Grasshopper Optimization ◽  
Side Lobe Suppression

Antenna arrays with high directivity, low side-lobe level, and null control in desired direction and whip antenna with wider bandwidth both need to be optimized to meet different needs of communication systems. A new natural heuristic algorithm simulating social behavior of grasshoppers, grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), is applied to electromagnetic field as a new effective technology to solve the antenna optimization problem for the first time. Its algorithm is simple and has no gradient mechanism, can effectively avoid falling into local optimum, and is suitable for single-objective and multiobjective optimization problems. GOA is used to optimize the side lobe suppression, null depth, and notch control of arbitrary linear array and then used to optimize the loading and matching network of 10-meter HF broadband whip antenna compared with other algorithms. The results show that GOA has more advantages in side-lobe suppression, null depth, and notch control of linear array than other algorithms and has better broadband optimization performance for HF whip antenna. The pattern synthesis and antenna broadband optimization based on GOA provide a new and effective method for antenna performance optimization.

Light-weight wideband antenna array with low sidelobes for SAR applications

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Kazemi ◽  
Mohsen Fallah ◽  
Bijan Abbasi ◽  
Seyyed Hossein MohseniArmaki
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compact Size

Purpose The purpose of this study is to achieve the low-cost, light-weight and compact antenna array with wide bandwidth and low side lobe levels for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications in Ku frequency band. Design/methodology/approach A compact design of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna array using multilayered dielectric structure is presented in Ku-band for advanced broadband SAR systems. In this design, stepped pins are used to connect the microstrip feed lines to the radiating patches. Findings The simulation and fabrication results of the multilayered antenna and a 1×16-element linear array of the antenna with Taylor amplitude distribution in the feeding network are presented. The antenna element has a 10-dB impedance bandwidth of more than 26%, and the linear array shows reduction in bandwidth percentage (about 15.4%). Thanks to Taylor amplitude tapering, the side lobe level (SLL) of the array is lower than −24 dB. The maximum measured gains of the antenna element and the linear array are 7 and 19.2 dBi at the center frequency, respectively. Originality/value In the communication systems, a high gain narrow beamwidth radiation pattern achieved by an array of multiple antenna elements with optimized spacing is a solution to overcome the path loss, atmospheric loss, polarization loss, etc. Also, wideband characteristics and compact size are desirable in satellite and SAR systems. This paper provides the combination of these features by microstrip structures.

scholarly journals Design of Uniform and Nonuniform Circular Arrays Comparison with FFA and RLS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Suraya Mubeen
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Circular Aperture ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Circular Arrays

Multiple antennas can be arranged in various geometrical configurations to form antenna array with high directive radiation pattern. Linear antennas are limited in their steering capability. The circular arrays ar   more popular in recent years over other array geometries because they have the capability to perform the scan in all the directions and considerable change in the beam pattern which provide 3600 total coverage. Circular arrays are less sensitive to mutual coupling as compared to linear and rectangular arrays since they do not have edge elements. They can be used for beam forming in the azimuth plane for example at the base stations of the mobile radio communication systems as the components for signal processing. FFA design method of circular apertures for narrow beam width and low side lobes has been reported by Taylor. It includes the development of continuous circular aperture distributions, which contain only two independent parameters, A & , where A is related to the design of side lobe level and  is a number controlling the degree of uniformity of the side lobes.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Linear Antenna Array with Optimal SLL and Beam Width

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-395
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Function Optimization ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Narrow Beam ◽  
Practical Applications

In many areas of wireless communications, there is a need for high directive radiating beams. To generate such a high directive beams, a linear array of antennas is preferred to that of using a single antenna. Generally a narrow beam width tends to have high directivity but specific to the applications there is also a need for wider beam widths. In case of a radar application it requires a narrow beam width when it is operating in target mode and on the other hand it requires wider beam width when it works under search mode. These optimal beam width variations can be obtained by using Optimization techniques. In this paper Biogeography based Optimization algorithm is used to generate narrow and wide beam widths for a Linear array antenna. While we try to optimize the beam widths of a linear array it will lead to an increase in the side lobe level which make it unavailable for practical applications. As a sensible antenna should always posses a very low side lobe levels a tradeoff should be made for both side lobe level and beam width. This tradeoff which has an optimal side lobe level along with directivity can be achieved by proposed fitness function optimization. The results obtained by using Genetic algorithm and Biogeography based optimization algorithm are compared

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