scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Pharmacokinetics of Inorganic and Organic Iron Compounds in Broiler Chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Dimitrichka Dimitrova ◽  
Anna Arnaudova-Matey ◽  
Petar Dilov ◽  
Geno Angelov ◽  
Tandju Mehmedov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Silicone Tube

Abstract The pharmacokinetics of ferrous methionate and ferrous sulphate was investigated in broiler chickens after intravenous injection and crop intubation. The iron compounds were injected intravenously in v. brachialis. After a 20-day “wash-out” period the ferrous methionate and ferrous sulphate were administered again by an elastic silicone tube into the crop. The serum concentrations of the iron were determined using a bioanalyser. Two pharmacokinetic approaches were used - compartmental and non-compartmental analysis. After i.v. injection we found statistically significantly longer and better distribution of the iron contained in the ferrous methionate compared to the ferrous sulphate. The АUC0→∞ was statistically significantly higher in the ferrous methionate. In the alimentary tract of broiler chickens, ferrous methionate was absorbed more rapidly than ferrous sulfate. It was also distributed at a higher volume as compared to the ferrous sulfate

Movement and Persistence of Salmonella in Broiler Chickens following Oral or Intracloacal Inoculation

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2698-2701 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. BAILEY ◽  
N. A. COX ◽  
D. E. COSBY ◽  
L. J. RICHARDSON
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Transient Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Group D

The dissemination of Salmonella into various lymphoid-like organs in young broiler chicks after oral and intracloacal inoculation was studied. A three-strain cocktail of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Montevideo, and Salmonella Enter-itidis was administered either orally or intracloacally to day-old chicks. After 1 h, 1 day, or 1 week, the ceca, thymus, liver and gallbladder, spleen, and bursa were sampled for the presence of Salmonella. There was a marked difference in the recovery of Salmonella 1 h postinoculation. Only 6 of 50 samples from orally inoculated chicks were positive compared with 33 of 50 samples from cloacally inoculated samples. In comparison, 24 h and 1 week after inoculation, there was no difference in the number of positive samples between oral or cloacal inoculation. The rapidity of the translocation of the Salmonella from the cloacal inoculum compared to the oral inoculum is likely due to the transient time required for Salmonella to move through the alimentary tract. The method of inoculation did not affect the distribution of serogroups. Of the three serotypes in the composite inoculum, the Salmonella Enteritidis (group D) was recovered only twice in replication 1 and not at all in replication 2. Both the Salmonella Typhimurium (serogroup B) and the Salmonella Montevideo (serogroup C1) were recovered extensively throughout the study.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CALCIPHYLACTIC CHALLENGING POTENCY OF VARIOUS IRON COMPOUNDS

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 658-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Strebel ◽  
Jaromir Vašků ◽  
Hans Selye
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Iron Compounds

Iron as a replacement for mucin in the establishment of meningococcal infection in mice

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Calver ◽  
C. P. Kenny ◽  
G. Lavergne
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Gastric Mucin ◽  
Meningococcal Infection ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Fatal Infection ◽  
Lethal Doses

Experimental infection of mice with Neisseria meningitidis was established by the injection of the bacteria suspended in solutions of various iron compounds. The progressive and fatal infection caused by otherwise non-lethal doses of organisms was produced in these mice after prior injection with ferrous sulphate or concomitant injection with iron sorbitol citrate or iron dextran. Reduction in LD50 to levels at least comparable to those obtained in the mucin challenge system was achieved; in some serogroups of N. meningitidis the LD50 was decreased more than a million fold. The results suggest that iron, which is a component of hog gastric mucin, is a factor involved in the establishment of meningococcal infection in mice. Use of iron compounds as injection medium offers a more advantageous system than mucin, since controlled administration of chemically defined substances occurs.

scholarly journals The effect of antimicrobial feed additives on the colonization of the alimentary tract of chickens by Salmonella typhimurium

1978 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Williams Smith ◽  
J. F. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Excretion Pattern ◽  
Standard Manner

SUMMARYGroups of 33 chickens were fed continuously on diets containing feed additives that are employed commercially for a variety of purposes, and were infected orally when 4 days old with a nalidixic acid-resistant mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. The amount of S. typhimurium organisms excreted in their faeces was estimated by culturing them at intervals and in a standard manner on brilliant green agar containing sodium nalidixate; when the chickens were killed their caecal contents were examined by the same technique.Avoparcin and lincomycin, like nitrovin and tylosin (Smith & Tucker, 1975b), favoured colonization of the alimentary tract by the S. typhimurium organisms as shown by the fact that the chickens to which they were fed excreted these organisms in their faeces in higher concentration and for longer periods of time than did chickens fed on non-medicated diets. Amprolium, monensin, dimetridazole, arsenilic acid and nitro-hydroxyphenylarsonate had no obvious effect on the salmonella excretion pattern.When only five chickens in each group were experimentally infected so that the effect of the feed additives on infections acquired by contact could be monitored, avoparcin, lincomycin, nitrovin and tylosin again favoured colonization of the alimentary tract with the S. typhimurium organisms and so did dimetridazole. Arsenilic acid, in contrast, hindered the development of infection. Amprolium, monensin and nitro-hydroxyphenylarsonate were without obvious effect.Many of the chickens that were fed on diets that favoured S. typhimurium colonization, but not those fed on non-medicated diets, were still excreting S. typhimurium organisms in their faeces when they were killed at 56 days of age, the age at which broiler chickens kept under commercial conditions are usually slaughtered.

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