scholarly journals Context, method, and theory in CALL research articles

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Yazdan Choubsaz ◽  
Alireza Jalilifar ◽  
Alex Boulton
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies

This paper is an initial report of the data analysis phase of a larger study that traces the evolution of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). All published Research Articles (RAs) from four major CALL journals – ReCALL, CALL, Language Learning & Technology (LL&T) and CALICO Journal – from the very first issues to the end of 2019 were downloaded, sorted, and checked to form the final corpus of 426 highly cited RAs. The trends and themes (research contexts, research participants, and theoretical and methodological considerations of the RAs) were all recorded to see how CALL has evolved over time. Primary findings indicate that empirical studies where learners are physically or virtually involved in the process of technology-mediated language instruction dominate the field of CALL research. Authors resort to both quantitative and qualitative methodologies for data collection and analysis, though mixed-methods has gained more weight in the past two decades. Sociocultural theory stands over and above other theories in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) to frame CALL studies. The paper discusses these issues, and problems detected.

scholarly journals A Literature Review of Foreign Studies on the Impact of CALL on Second Language Acquisition from 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Qiuxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Electronic Intelligence ◽  
The Impact

With the rapid development of economy and technology, more and more fields are combined with electronic intelligence and artificial intelligence, and language teaching is no exception. As a research hot issue, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has attracted more and more people's attention. Based on computer-aided technology, teachers can not only provide students with rich language input, but also improve classroom efficiency. However, there are still some problems in this technology. This paper reviews some empirical studies on the impact of computer-assisted language teaching from 2015 and reveals the relevant progress and shortcomings of foreign researches in terms of six aspects from the perspective of language teaching, in order to provide some enlightenment for future research.

Theories and Literatures for Technology-Enhanced Language Instruction

2014 ◽  
pp. 29-59
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Assisted Instruction ◽  
Positive Effect

This chapter examines the related literatures and theories for technology-enhanced language instruction. Blended learning, as computer-assisted instruction, has a positive effect on students' learning performances. The research on long-term applications of blended learning in language instruction in middle schools and its effects is hard to find. Nevertheless, some defects exist in the few studies. In China there are much fewer empirical studies on the effects of blended learning on language learning represented by examination scores. Vocabulary learning is essential to English learning and requires the mastery of the pronunciation, spelling, and meaning. Computer-assisted vocabulary learning can provide choice and cloze questions regarding the pronunciation, spelling, and meaning, and give the students instant feedback and grading. The literature review suggests that a quasi-experiment for at least one school term or even longer time in different schools located in various areas is valuable to assure the results' reliability.

Transparency of reporting in CALL meta-analyses between 2003 and 2015

ReCALL ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifen Lin ◽  
Tsuiping Chen ◽  
Hsien-Chin Liou
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Research Domain

AbstractSince its introduction by Glass in the 1970s, meta-analysis has become a widely accepted and the most preferred approach to conducting research synthesis. Overcoming the weaknesses commonly associated with traditional narrative review and vote counting, meta-analysis is a statistical method of systematically aggregating and analyzing empirical studies by following well-established procedures. The findings of a meta-analysis, when appropriately conducted, are able to inform important policy decisions and provide practical pedagogical suggestions. With the growing number of publications employing meta-analysis across a wide variety of disciplines, it has received criticism due to its inconsistent findings derived from multiple meta-analyses in the same research domain. These inconsistencies have arisen partly due to the alternatives available to meta-analysts in each major meta-analytic procedure. Researchers have therefore recommended transparent reporting on the decision-making for every essential judgment call so that the results across multiple meta-analyses become replicable, consistent, and interpretable. This research explored the degree to which meta-analyses in the computer-assisted language learning (CALL) discipline transparently reported their decisions in every critical step. To achieve this aim, we retrieved 15 eligible meta-analyses in CALL published between 2003 and 2015. Features of these meta-analyses were extracted based on a codebook modified from Cooper (2003) and Aytug, Rothstein, Zhou and Kern (2012). A transparency score of reporting was then calculated to examine the degree to which these meta-analyses are compliant with the norms of reporting as recommended in the literature. We then discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the methodologies and provide suggestions for conducting quality meta-analyses in this domain.

Observations in the computer room: L2 output and learner behaviour

ReCALL ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE LEAHY
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Oral Interaction

This article draws on second language theory, particularly output theory as defined by Swain (1995), in order to conceptualise observations made in a computer-assisted language learning setting. It investigates second language output and learner behaviour within an electronic role-play setting, based on a subject-specific problem solving task and the Internet as source of primary information. Students were given a task which includes the collaborative development of a marketing strategy for a chosen product. Data collected consists of the following corpora: emails exchanged between groups, the recorded discussions between each group’s members while engaged in the problem solving activity, oral presentation of the groups’ results as well as the individually written summaries. One area of particular interest is the analysis of the oral L2 output while solving a computer-assisted language learning task. How can the oral interaction be characterised? What kind of conclusions regarding the use of CALL can be drawn from the comparison of the oral interaction and the written output? Another area of interest is the analysis of the written L2 output. Is there evidence of second language acquisition and/or acquisition of content? Can such a CALL setting promote second language acquisition (SLA) and/or acquisition of content? Finally, the study aims to identify whether student-initiated focus on language form can be found. The article answers the questions posed above. Furthermore, the results of this study show that a very high percentage of all communication took place in L2 and occurrences of acquisition of content and language can be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Young L2-learners' meaning-making in engaging in computer-assisted language learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Anna Hell ◽  
Anna-Lena Godhe ◽  
Eva Wennås Brante
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Young Students

<p>This study explores how newly arrived young students created meaning, communicated, and expressed themselves using digital technology in the subject of Swedish as a second language (SSL).  The qualitative case study presented in this article focuses on how the orchestration of teaching contributed to opportunities for digital meaning-making in the SSL subject in four classrooms at three schools in a city in Sweden. The notion of language as being fluid, which involves a critical approach to languages as separable entities, considers linguistic and embodied meaning-making, including digital technology, in social processes. This approach recognizes the roles of technology and digital meaning-making in young students’ second language acquisition. Moreover, technological innovations facilitate immediate and accessible communication.  In today’s language studies, ethnicity only is not considered an adequate focus of analysis. Furthermore, the meaning-making practices of newly arrived primary school-aged students remain under-investigated. In the present study, data collected in classroom observations and teacher interviews revealed three themes regarding the students’ utilization of digital technology to develop their multilingual skills. One insight was that the newly arrived students used digital technology strategically when they engaged in meaning-making activities with peers and teachers. When the students took the initiative in computer-assisted language learning, they displayed agency in meaning-making by being their own architects. The findings of this research provided insights into how the orchestration of teaching in Swedish as a second language to newly arrived students affects their opportunities to use multilingualism in meaning-making while employing digital technology.</p>

scholarly journals Virtual Classrooms in Brazil: teachers' difficulties and anxieties towards technology in language learning

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Andréa Machado de Almeida Mattos
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Teacher Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Virtual Classrooms ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Language Classrooms ◽  
Global Understanding ◽  
Learning Data

Many researchers, nowadays, have been enthusiastic in promoting the advantages of introducing technology in the language classroom, but few have been worried with the problems and anxieties that result from changes in a long-lasting culture such as the culture of language learning. This paper aims at discussing the problems faced by teachers who have been working with technology in their language classrooms. The research design was based on theoretical and empirical studies both in the areas of Computer Assisted Language Learning and Teacher Development. The main objective of this paper is, thus, to achieve a global understanding of the teachers' anxieties in relation to the virtual environment of language learning. Data was gathered through interviews with the teachers, leading to a qualitative analysis of the findings.

scholarly journals Reflections on the connection between computer-assisted language learning and second language acquisition

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Olmedo Bula Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías

La tecnología ha tenido un gran impacto en la educación en los últimos veinte años. Con el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, se puede decir que la Adquisición de una Segunda Lengua (A2L) ha adoptado la Enseñanza Asistida por Ordenador (EAO) como una nueva y útil herramienta. Las diferentes aplicaciones y efectos de las computadoras en el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de un idioma pueden ser relacionadas con la adquisición de una segunda lengua, especialmente con el número de las aplicaciones de las computadoras en un ambiente de aprendizaje de un idioma. El propósito principal de este ensayo es explorar las conexiones existentes entre la Adquisición de una Segunda Lengua y la Enseñanza Asistida por Ordenador. Primero se muestran los antecedentes históricos de la EAO. Después las implicaciones y aplicaciones de la EAO sobre la A2L son discutidas. Asimismo la evaluación de la EAO en relación con la A2L y el futuro de la EAO son también analizados. Una de las principales conclusiones es que hay conexiones significativas y pertinentes entre la Adquisición de una Segunda Lengua y la Enseñanza Asistida por Ordenador.

scholarly journals Re-orienting CALL through the lens of complexity theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Godwin-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
The People

Complexity Theory (CT) provides a useful framework for understanding Second Language Acquisition (SLA). Using an ecological model, CT studies the dynamic processes of change and emergent outcomes over time, tracing back how trajectories may have been affected by changes in and interactions among multiple variables and subsystems. Language learners do not follow linear learning paths, but rather their progress depends on a variety of interlocking variables. Developmental trajectories will look different for each learner. That is particularly the case for informal language learning, in which learners co-adapt from a wide variety of resources, leading to divergent outcomes (Godwin-Jones, 2018a). A CT approach emphasizes the dynamics of the interplay between learner variables and the people, artifacts, and services constituting the L2 learning system. It aligns well with usage-based linguistics. Viewing language learning from a CT perspective has a number of consequences for Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) research, explored here.

Learning languages: Implications for student modelling in ICALL

ReCALL ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Bull
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Approaches To Learning ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Computer Assisted Language Learning ◽  
Student Model ◽  
Traditional Student ◽  
Student Models ◽  
Learning Software ◽  
Great Burden

Many factors affect the learning of a foreign language. When designing computer assisted language learning software it is usually not sufficient to think only about creating an exercise in the language, but students should be modelled in order to allow the program to take account of individuals' beliefs and learning. However, student models are criticised for various reasons, the most common of which include: 1. Modelling the learner places a great burden on the system, as it has sole responsibility for the creation of an accurate student model. 2. Student models are inadequate because it is not possible to model all aspects of a student's knowledge and learning. This paper describes the student model of an intelligent computer assisted language learning (ICALL) system which strives to overcome problems of traditional student models by taking into account issues important in the field of second language acquisition, and research in collaborative approaches to learning.

Theories and Literatures for Technology-Enhanced Language Instruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-82
Author(s):  
Jiyou Jia
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Assisted Instruction ◽  
Positive Effect

This chapter examines the related literatures and theories for technology-enhanced language instruction. Blended learning, as computer-assisted instruction, has a positive effect on students' learning performances. The research on long-term applications of blended learning in language instruction in middle schools and its effects is hard to find. Nevertheless, some defects exist in the few studies. In China there are much fewer empirical studies on the effects of blended learning on language learning represented by examination scores. Vocabulary learning is essential to English learning and requires the mastery of the pronunciation, spelling, and meaning. Computer-assisted vocabulary learning can provide choice and cloze questions regarding the pronunciation, spelling, and meaning, and give the students instant feedback and grading. The literature review suggests that a quasi-experiment for at least one school term or even longer time in different schools located in various areas is valuable to assure the results' reliability.

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