scholarly journals Aktivitas Mikroba Lumpur Aktif Konsentrasi Tinggi Pada Sistem Lumpur Aktif- Membran

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Budiyono Budiyono ◽  
T. Setiadi ◽  
I. G. Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Rate Parameter ◽  
Solid Retention Time ◽  
Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate

Pengolahan air limbah dengan sistem kombinasi proses lumpur aktif dengan membrane telah banyak dimanfaatkan di beberapa negara maju. Sistem ini diketahui mampu beroperasi dengan konsentrasi lumpur aktif (MLSS, Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid) sangat tinggi sehingga menghasilkan sistem yang  kompak dengan efisiensi pengolahan tinggi. Penelitian ini mengkaji aktifitas mikroba yang terlibat dalam sistem. Aktifitas yang dikaji antara lain laju pemanfaatan oksigen spesifik (SOUR, specific oxygen uptake rate), parameter kinetika, serta laju pemanfaatan nitrogen dan fosfor.Proses pengolahan berjalan pada konsentrasi MLSS jauh di atas proses lumpur aktif konvensional, yaitu berturut-turut 18.400, 22.900, 24.300, dan 25.500 mg/l. Untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi MLSS tersebut, proses pengolahan beroperasi pada waktu tinggal cairan (HRT, hydraulic retention yime) 24 jam dan waktu tinggal sel (SRT, solid retention time) 8, 16, 24, dan 32 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroorganisme yang terlibat pada proses ini ditandai oleh mikroorganisme yang mempunyai laju pertumbuhan sangat lambat. Parameter kinetika yang diperoleh sebagai berikut: laju pertumbuhan maksimum spesifik (μmax) 0,024 jam-1, koefisien perolehan sel (Y)  0,515 (mg sel/ mg COD), konstanta setengah jenuh (Ks) 589 mg/l, dan laju kematian spesifik (b) 0,010 jam-1. Dengan semakin tinggi konsentrasi lumpur aktif, maka aktifitas mikroba akan semakin kecil.  SOUR yang diperoleh untuk SRT  8,16,2 dan 32 hari berturut-turut  sebesar 0,612; 0,357; 0,279; 0,207 gO2 / (gMLSS.hari). bila ditinjau dari segi operasionalisasi unit pengolahan limbah, maka proses pengolahan lumpur aktif – membran jauh lebih menghemat kebutuhan nitrogen dan fosfor untuk nutrient.Kata kunci : aktifitas mikroba, sistem lumpur aktif-membran, SOUR

Study on Evaluation Methods for Biodegradability and Biotoxicity of Industrial Effluents

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 516-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Gang Xu ◽  
Ju Feng Li ◽  
Yu Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sewage Plant ◽  
Extreme Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate

The industrial effluents produced in petrochemical production contain kinds of pollutants and fluctuate wildly, also lead sewage plant to be impacted frequently. It is significant to develop a method that warms the effluents quality early, efficiently and accurately. As a result, it can make the biochemical devices run and manage smoothly. Based on the extreme sensitivity of Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) and Dehydrogenase Activity (DHA) to the abnormal effluents and toxicants, this study proposed a comprehensive assessment method of biodegradability and biotoxicity with Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate (SOUR) and Specific Dehydrogenase Activity (SDHA). And it also discussed the biodegradability and biotoxicity of the industrial effluents with different pH and toxicant by detecting OUR, SOUR and DHA. The results showed that, these three indexes were extremely sensitive and accurate to the effluents quality change. And the maximum concentrations of phenol, formaldehyde and carbinol that the microorganisms can allow in the industrial effluents were 350mg/L, 70mg/L and 170 mg/L. When the sewage plant was functioning normally, SOUR and SDHA fluctuations were 3.0~7.0 and 1.0~4.0 respectively. Therefore, they have important application value and prospect to early warming in the effluents quality.

scholarly journals Determination of rate parameter for kinetics of nitrification

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
S R Juliastuti ◽  
J Baeyens ◽  
C Creemers ◽  
J Degreve
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rate Parameter ◽  
Autotrophic Biomass ◽  
Kinetics Of

Determination of rate parameter for kinetics of nitrification The nitrification process is the bottleneck step in the total nitrogen removal. The formation of nitrate is considered as the rate limiting step in the whole process and its kinetics determine the design of the nitrification reactor. Heavy metals (Zn2+ and Cu2+) and different organic compounds are used as micropollutants. These kinetics were experimentally measured by respirometry. In line with the aim of the paper, the experimental investigation are conducted to develop design equations to describe kinetic rate relationships under optimum conditions, study the parameter influence such as pH and inhibition by reaction intermediates and inhibition by external pollutants. Results demonstrate that the maximum value of the specific growth rate of autotrophic biomass() is 1.02 day at pH=7 and decreases at pH 7.5; inhibition occurs at substrate (NH4) concentrations in excess of 15 mg N/l; inhibition occurs at increasing concentrations of NO –N and Cu2+ has more pronounced inhibitory effect than Zn2+. The inhibitory effect of organic compounds are listed as the Chlorobenzene > Trichloroethylene> Phenol> Ethyl benzene; the experimental oxygen uptake rate (OUR)-test results the autotrophic kinetic parameter values, which can be used in design equations. Keywords: Respirometry,  Autotrophic Biomass,  Nitrification, Oxygen Uptake Rate Abstrak Proses nitrifikasi merupakan langkah penting pada penurunan kadar total nitrogen. Pembentukan nitrat dianggap sebagai tahap pembatas kecepatan reaksi pada keseluruhan proses dan kinetikanya menentukan perancangan dari bagian proses nitrifikasi. Logam berat (Zn2+ dan Cu2+) dan berbagai jenis komponen organik digunakan sebagai mikropolutan. Kinetika ini secara eksperimental diukur menggunakan respirometer. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengembangkan persamaan perancangan yang menggambarkan hubungan laju kinetika pada kondisi optimum, studi pengaruh parameter seperti pH, inhibisi karena reaksi intermediat, dan inhibisi oleh polutan dari luar. Hasil penelitian ditunjukkan sebagai berikut: harga laju pertumbuhan  biomasa autotrof maksimum spesifik  adalah 1,02 hari-1 pada pH=7 dan menurun pada pH 7,5; inhibisi terjadi pada konsentrasi substrat (NH4+) lebih besar dari 15 mg N/l; inhibisi terjadi pada peningkatan  konsentrasi NO -N ;Cu2+  lebih dikenal sebagai penyebab  inhibisi  daripada Zn2+. Efek inhibisi dari komponen organik di daftar mulai dari Chlorobenzene sampai Ethylbenzen. Tes OUR menghasilkan harga parameter kinetika yang dapat dipakai pad apersamaan perencanaan  lumpur aktif nitrifikasi. Kata Kunci: Respirometer, BiomasaAutotrof, Nitrifikasi, Laju Kenaikan Oksigen

scholarly journals Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate and Mass Transfer Coefficient in Activated Sludge System

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
S.H. Tan ◽  
◽  
Jamaiatul Lailah M.J. ◽  
Aida Isma M.I. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate

Activated sludge process is one of the effective methods in biological wastewater treatment and the impact of oxygen transfer through aeration process has the most important breakthroughs as it served as the largest consumer in the treatment. Aeration is an energy demanding process. Oxygen transfer into an activated sludge is a very challenging issue in the field of multiphase flows. Apart from the physical mass transfer phenomena between gas, liquid and solids phases, the transport mechanisms are also overlapped by time and temperature, varying microbial activity, impurity loads, adsorption and desorption processes. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) for microbial population in the activated sludge system is important parameter to determine the amount of oxygen consumed during aerobic heterotropic biodegradation in the system. Evaluation of specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) and the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLA) of oxygen for three different wastewater treatment processes, namely conventional activated sludge (CAS), oxidation ditch (OD) and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating municipal wastewater in Kuala Lumpur have been carried out. In-situ and ex-situ measurement of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, MLSS and MLVSS were carried out. In the activated sludge treatment, very low concentration of dissolved oxygen may cause the wastewater to turn septic resulting in death of bacteria or in active due to unstable anaerobic conditions. Conversely, an excessive dissolved oxygen may result to high energy and high 25 operating cost. Higher flowrate may also cause dissolved oxygen to rise, reducing the quality of sludge and slowing the denitrification process in the system. Results revealed that the OUR for SBR, OD and CAS were 9.582 mg O2 /L/hr, 10.074 mg O2 /L/hr and 13.764 mg O2 /L/hr, respectively. Low oxygen uptake rate indicates a low rate of microbial respiration. By computing the OUR, the mass transfer coefficient could be evaluated. It should be noted that among the treatment system in this study, the conventional activated sludge shows the highest mass transfer coefficient and specific oxygen uptake rate of 2.038 hr-1 and 15.605 mg O2 /g MLVSS/hr, respectively. Improving the oxygen transfer rate and reducing aeration in the system could achieve a cost-effective aeration system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document