scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus in Etiopathogenesis of Schizophrenia and Suicide Risk: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özer Akgül
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Medication and suicide risk in schizophrenia: A nested case–control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 416-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Reutfors ◽  
Shahram Bahmanyar ◽  
Erik G. Jönsson ◽  
Lena Brandt ◽  
Robert Bodén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Suicide in recently discharged psychiatric patients: a case-control study

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Hunt ◽  
N. Kapur ◽  
R. Webb ◽  
J. Robinson ◽  
J. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundFew controlled studies have specifically investigated aspects of mental health care in relation to suicide risk among recently discharged psychiatric patients. We aimed to identify risk factors, including variation in healthcare received, for suicide within 3 months of discharge.MethodWe conducted a national population-based case-control study of 238 psychiatric patients dying by suicide within 3 months of hospital discharge, matched on date of discharge to 238 living controls.ResultsForty-three per cent of suicides occurred within a month of discharge, 47% of whom died before their first follow-up appointment. The first week and the first day after discharge were particular high-risk periods. Risk factors for suicide included a history of self-harm, a primary diagnosis of affective disorder, recent last contact with services and expressing clinical symptoms at last contact with staff. Suicide cases were more likely to have initiated their own discharge and to have missed their last appointment with services. Patients who were detained for compulsory treatment at last admission, or who were subject to enhanced levels of aftercare, were less likely to die by suicide.ConclusionsThe weeks after discharge from psychiatric care represent a critical period for suicide risk. Measures that could reduce risk include intensive and early community follow-up. Assessment of risk should include established risk factors as well as current mental state and there should be clear follow-up procedures for those who have self-discharged. Recent detention under the Mental Health Act and current use of enhanced levels of aftercare may be protective.

scholarly journals Peripheral body temperature rhythm is associated with suicide risk in major depressive disorder: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. e100219
Author(s):  
Xin Ma ◽  
Jing Cao ◽  
Hailin Zheng ◽  
Xinchun Mei ◽  
Meijuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may have an abnormal peripheral body temperature rhythm, but its relationship with suicidal risk and the response to treatment with antidepressants remain unknown.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the feature of peripheral body temperature in patients with MDD and its relationship with suicide risk before and after treatment with antidepressants.MethodsThis is a prospective case-control study. Patients diagnosed as MDD were enrolled into MDD group. Healthy subjects who matched in terms of gender, age and body mass index were enrolled into normal control (NC) group. The 24-hour peripheral body temperatures were monitored by TM’ Holter the next day after assessment. Patients with MDD were re-assessed after a 2-week treatment with antidepressants. All temperature data were fitted into cosine curves by Python.ResultThere were 41 patients with MDD, and 21 NC participants enrolled and completed the baseline assessments before the treatment. Patients with MDD were further divided into subgroup of with suicide risk or without suicide risk. In patients with MDD, the mesor of peripheral body temperature rhythm was higher in both patients with (36.17 (0.30)) and without suicide risk (36.22 (0.27)) than the mesor in NC participants before treatment (35.84 (0.38), Z=11.82, p=0.003, Kruskal-Wallis test). The phase-delay of temperature before treatment was greater in patients with MDD with suicidal risk (4.71 (1.68)) in comparison with those without suicidal risk (3.05 (2.19)) and NC participants (3.19 (1.82), Z=9.68, p=0.008, Kruskal-Wallis test). Moreover, phase-delay of temperature was associated with suicide risk in patients with MDD before treatment (OR=1.046, 95% CI: 1.009 to 1.085, p=0.015, unadjusted; OR=1.080, 95% CI: 1.020 to 1.144, p=0.009, adjusted by age and sex).ConclusionPatients with MDD might have abnormal peripheral body temperature. The abnormal phase-delay of peripheral body temperature may indicate suicide risk in patients with MDD, depending on validation in large-scale cohorts.

scholarly journals Suicide by people in a community justice pathway: Population-based nested case–control study

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlene King ◽  
Jane Senior ◽  
Roger T. Webb ◽  
Tim Millar ◽  
Mary Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Justice ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

SummaryThe elevated risk of suicide in prison and after release is a well-recognised and serious problem. Despite this, evidence concerning community-based offenders' suicide risk is sparse. We conducted a population-based nested case–control study of all people in a community justice pathway in England and Wales. Our data show 13% of general population suicides were in community justice pathways before death. Suicide risks were highest among individuals receiving police cautions, and those having recent, or impending prosecution for sexual offences. Findings have implications for the training and practice of clinicians identifying and assessing suicidality, and offering support to those at elevated risk.

scholarly journals Antipsychotic Discontinuation and Suicide in Schizophrenia Patients A Nested Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Choi ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Schizophrenia patients have shorter life expectancy relative to that of the general population, and their suicide risk is reportedly higher. Although antipsychotic discontinuation rates are high, antipsychotic treatment has been associated with lower suicide mortality, and patients who do not use antipsychotics are at greater risk of suicide relative to those who use the medication. Furthermore, maintenance treatment with antipsychotic drugs protects schizophrenia patients from relapse. However, little is known about antipsychotic discontinuation, suicide risk, or the time during which suicide risk is highest following antipsychotic discontinuation. Therefore, this study investigated whether discontinuity of antipsychotics is associated with suicide in schizophrenia patients.Methods A population-based nested case-control study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database (2002-2013). From the study population of 7,519 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and at least one antipsychotics described, we identified 154 suicide cases and 760 matched controls. We calculated the days after last prescribed medication so that discontinuity of antipsychotics was defined. Conditional logistic regression were used to examine the association between discontinuity of antipsychotics and suicide adjusting for possible confounding covariates.Results Suicide risk was particularly high during the first thirty days after discharge after stopping antipsychotics compared with current user after adjusting all covariates (AOR: 4.667, 95% CI: 2.425–8.984).Conclusion Maintenance treatment with antipsychotics could help to reduce suicide risk. The results indicated that there is a need to monitor schizophrenia patients following antipsychotic discontinuation.

Effects of chronic physical disease and systemic inflammation on suicide risk in patients with depression: a hospital-based case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu Young Oh ◽  
Nicholas T. Van Dam ◽  
John T. Doucette ◽  
James W. Murrough
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Physical Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the concurrent effects of physical disease and systemic inflammation on suicide risk in patients with depression. The authors investigated the independent contributions of chronic physical disease and systemic inflammation as indexed by C-reactive protein (CRP), on risk of suicide attempt.MethodsIn this case–control study, 1468 cases of suicide attempters and 14 373 controls, both aged 18–65 years with a diagnosis of depression during 2011–2015, were identified from the hospital-wide database. Regression models were implemented to identify separate effects of physical diseases and systemic inflammation indexed by CRP, on risk of suicide attempt.ResultsCompared with having no physical disease, having one, two, and three or more physical diseases was associated with a 3.6-, 6.4-, and 14.9-fold increase in odds of making a suicide attempt, respectively, after adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. In a sub-sample of cases and controls with available CRP values, patients with high CRP (>3 mg/L) had 1.9 times the odds of suicide attempt compared with patients with low CRP (<1 mg/L). This association was no longer significant when controlling for the effect of physical disease.ConclusionsThe presence of physical disease is an important risk factor for suicide attempt among patients with depression. Systemic inflammation is likewise associated with increased risk for suicide attempt, however, this association appears to be accounted for by the presence of physical disease among patients receiving care in a medical center setting. Healthcare providers should consider the risk of suicide attempt in depressed patients burdened with multiple comorbidities.

Risk Factors for Femicide-Suicide in Abusive Relationships: Results From a Multisite Case Control Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Koziol-Mclain ◽  
Daniel Webster ◽  
Judith McFarlane ◽  
Carolyn Rebecca Block ◽  
Yvonne Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Abusive Relationships ◽  
Suicide Threats ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

The killing of women by men who then take their own lives (femicide-suicide) is the most common form of homicide-suicide. This study identified femicide-suicide risk factors in an 11-city case-control study of femicide in the United States. Perpetrator, victim, relationship, and incident characteristics were analyzed for femicide-suicide cases (n = 67) and controls (n = 356, women living in the community with nonfatal physical abuse) using logistic regression modeling. Two risk factors emerged that were unique to femicide-suicides cases compared to overall femicide risk analyses: prior perpetrator suicide threats and victims having ever been married to the perpetrator.

Different settings of violence and risk factor for suicide: a case-control study in Campinas, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Komoda ◽  
R C Cordeiro ◽  
A M P Ruiz ◽  
M R B Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background According to WHO, “800,000 people die due to suicide every year” and “is the third leading cause of death in 15-19-years-old”. And although the main risk factor to suicide is a prior attempt, this study tried to find other risk factors, which can guide a broader discussion amongst global and local communities as well as policy makers and healthcare professionals effort against all forms of violence. The aim of the study is to measure the risk of suicide in different sets of violence. Methods This is a case-control study held in Campinas-SP, by epiGeo research group on violence during 2019. Cases are defined as people who commited suicide; information on child abuse were collected through verbal autopsy interviews with kinships. For controls, R randomly selected addresses for interview with someone randomly selected. Odds Ratio was obtained by generalized logistic regression. Confidence Interval was set to 95%. Results Final analysis shows that suicides represented 14.2% of death due to external causes in 2019. A relation between male sex and suicide was observed (OR: 4.35; CI 2.55 - 7.41; p &lt; 0.0001). Abuse during childhood also showed positive relation (RR: 2.16; CI 1.09 - 4.27; p = 0.0001). Another relation were observed in people with disabilities and suicide risk (RR: 2.04; CI 1.26 - 3.31; p = 0.004). Conclusions People who suffered child abuse and people with disabilities are amongst the ones who suffer higher risks of suicide, and the most probable hypothesis relating both conditions is violence. Action must be taken by the global and local communities, policy makers in a broad sense, against maltreatment, bullying, youth violence, intimate partner violence, sexual violence, emotional and psychological violence, and gender-based violence. Key messages Strengthening protective policy to overcome violence and abuse against child and other vulnerable people is of major importance to fight suicide risk. Accessibility and protective policies are of utmost importance to a more inclusive and welcoming society.

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