scholarly journals Strong approximation in h-mass of rectifiable currents under homological constraint

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Chambolle ◽  
Luca Alberto Davide Ferrari ◽  
Benoit Merlet

Abstract Let {h:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}_{+}} be a lower semicontinuous subbadditive and even function such that {h(0)=0} and {h(\theta)\geq\alpha|\theta|} for some {\alpha>0} . If {T=\tau(M,\theta,\xi)} is a k-rectifiable chain, its h-mass is defined as \mathbb{M}_{h}(T):=\int_{M}h(\theta)\,d\mathcal{H}^{k}. Given such a rectifiable flat chain T with {\mathbb{M}_{h}(T)<\infty} and {\partial T} polyhedral, we prove that for every {\eta>0} , it decomposes as {T=P+\partial V} with P polyhedral, V rectifiable, {\mathbb{M}_{h}(V)<\eta} and {\mathbb{M}_{h}(P)<\mathbb{M}_{h}(T)+\eta} . In short, we have a polyhedral chain P which strongly approximates T in h-mass and preserves the homological constraint {\partial P=\partial T} . When {h^{\prime}(0^{+})} is well defined and finite, the definition of the h-mass extends as a finite functional on the space of finite mass k-chains (not necessarily rectifiable). We prove in this case a similar approximation result for finite mass k-chains with polyhedral boundary. These results are motivated by the study of approximations of {\mathbb{M}_{h}} by smoother functionals but they also provide explicit formulas for the lower semicontinuous envelope of {T\mapsto\mathbb{M}_{h}(T)+\mathbb{I}_{\partial S}(\partial T)} with respect to the topology of the flat norm.

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
François Dayrens ◽  
Simon Masnou ◽  
Matteo Novaga ◽  
Marco Pozzetta

AbstractWe introduce a notion of connected perimeter for planar sets defined as the lower semicontinuous envelope of perimeters of approximating sets which are measure-theoretically connected. A companion notion of simply connected perimeter is also studied. We prove a representation formula which links the connected perimeter, the classical perimeter, and the length of suitable Steiner trees. We also discuss the application of this notion to the existence of solutions to a nonlocal minimization problem with connectedness constraint.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Mora-Corral ◽  
Marcos Oliva

We start from a variational model for nematic elastomers that involves two energies: mechanical and nematic. The first one consists of a nonlinear elastic energy which is influenced by the orientation of the molecules of the nematic elastomer. The nematic energy is an Oseen–Frank energy in the deformed configuration. The constraint of the positivity of the determinant of the deformation gradient is imposed. The functionals are not assumed to have the usual polyconvexity or quasiconvexity assumptions to be lower semicontinuous. We instead compute its relaxation, that is, the lower semicontinuous envelope, which turns out to be the quasiconvexification of the mechanical term plus the tangential quasiconvexification of the nematic term. The main assumptions are that the quasiconvexification of the mechanical term is polyconvex and that the deformation is in the Sobolev space W1,p (with p > n − 1 and n the dimension of the space) and does not present cavitation.


Author(s):  
Jonathan Bevan ◽  
Pablo Pedregal

In this short note we prove that the functional I : W1,p(J;R) → R defined by is sequentially weakly lower semicontinuous in W1,p(J,R) if and only if the symmetric part W+ of W is separately convex. We assume that W is real valued, continuous and bounded below by a constant, and that J is an open subinterval of R. We also show that the lower semicontinuous envelope of I cannot in general be obtained by replacing W by its separately convex hull Wsc.


Author(s):  
Manuel H. Janeiro ◽  
Carlos G. Ardanaz ◽  
Noemí Sola-Sevilla ◽  
Jinya Dong ◽  
María Cortés-Erice ◽  
...  

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. AD is the main cause of dementia worldwide and aging is the main risk factor for developing the illness. AD classical diagnostic criteria rely on clinical data. However, the development of a biological definition of AD using biomarkers that reflect the underling neuropathology is needed.ContentThe aim of this review is to describe the main outcomes when measuring classical and novel biomarkers in biological fluids or neuroimaging.SummaryNowadays, there are three classical biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD: Aβ42, t-Tau and p-Tau. The diagnostic use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers is limited due to invasive collection by lumbar puncture with potential side effects. Plasma/serum measurements are the gold standard in clinics, because they are minimally invasive and, in consequence, easily collected and processed. The two main proteins implicated in the pathological process, Aβ and Tau, can be visualized using neuroimaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography.OutlookAs it is currently accepted that AD starts decades before clinical symptoms could be diagnosed, the opportunity to detect biological alterations prior to clinical symptoms would allow early diagnosis or even perhaps change treatment possibilities.


Author(s):  
Micol Amar ◽  
Virginia De Cicco

An integral representation result is given for the lower semicontinuous envelope of the functional ʃΩf(∇ku)dxon the spaceBVk(Ω:ℝm) of the integrable functions, whose thef-th derivative in the sense of distributions is a Radon measure with bounded total variation.


2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Anza Hafsa ◽  
Jean-Philippe Mandallena

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Marchese ◽  
Salvatore Stuvard

AbstractIn this paper, we prove that every equivalence class in the quotient group of integral 1-currents modulo p in Euclidean space contains an integral current, with quantitative estimates on its mass and the mass of its boundary. Moreover, we show that the validity of this statement for m-dimensional integral currents modulo p implies that the family of {(m-1)}-dimensional flat chains of the form pT, with T a flat chain, is closed with respect to the flat norm. In particular, we deduce that such closedness property holds for 0-dimensional flat chains, and, using a proposition from The structure of minimizing hypersurfaces mod 4 by Brian White, also for flat chains of codimension 1.


Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Okamoto ◽  
Takayuki Saitoh

Abstract To study the resolution required for simulating gravitational fragmentation with newly developed Lagrangian hydrodynamic schemes, Meshless Finite Volume method (MFV) and Meshless Finite Mass method (MFM), we have performed a number of simulations of the Jeans test and compared the results with both the expected analytic solution and results from the more standard Lagrangian approach: Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). We find that the different schemes converge to the analytic solution when the diameter of a fluid element is smaller than a quarter of the Jeans wavelength, λJ. Among the three schemes, SPH/MFV shows the fastest/slowest convergence to the analytic solution. Unlike the well-known behaviour of Eulerian schemes, none of the Lagrangian schemes investigated displays artificial fragmentation when the perturbation wavelength, λ, is shorter than λJ, even at low numerical resolution. For larger wavelengths (λ &gt; λJ) the growth of the perturbation is delayed when it is not well resolved. Furthermore, with poor resolution, the fragmentation seen with the MFV scheme proceeds very differently compared to the converged solution. All these results suggest that, when unresolved, the ratio of the magnitude of hydrodynamic force to that of self-gravity at the sub-resolution scale is the largest/smallest in MFV/SPH, the reasons for which we discussed in detail. These tests are repeated to investigate the effect of kernels of higher-order than the fiducial cubic spline. Our results indicate that the standard deviation of the kernel is a more appropriate definition of the ‘size’ of a fluid element than its compact support radius.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 971-998
Author(s):  
Dave Benson ◽  
Srikanth Iyengar ◽  
Henning Krause ◽  
Julia Pevtsova

We develop a support theory for elementary supergroup schemes, over a field of positive characteristic p ⩾ 3 p\geqslant 3 , starting with a definition of a π \pi -point generalising cyclic shifted subgroups of Carlson for elementary abelian groups and π \pi -points of Friedlander and Pevtsova for finite group schemes. These are defined in terms of maps from the graded algebra k [ t , τ ] / ( t p − τ 2 ) k[t,\tau ]/(t^p-\tau ^2) , where t t has even degree and τ \tau has odd degree. The strength of the theory is demonstrated by classifying the parity change invariant localising subcategories of the stable module category of an elementary supergroup scheme.


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