scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional and Automatic Milking Systems at Extreme Conditions by Thermographic Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Jiří Ševčík ◽  
Daniel Falta ◽  
Kristina Somerlíková ◽  
Jiří Fryč

Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of teat traumatization on Holstein cows caused by two different types of milking systems (CMS – conventional milking system and AMS – an automatic milking system). The experiments were performed in two locations: at Žabčice School Farm of Mendel University in Brno and at ZEMAX, a. s. in Šitbořice. For the evaluation of the degree of traumatization, thermographic images depicting surface temperatures of teats were used. This paper tested the hypothesis that, at extreme conditions, the teat traumatization of Holstein cows does not depend on used milking system. The hypothesis was disproved by the performed monitoring. From statistical point of view, it was observed that there were significant differences depending on which milking system was used.

Author(s):  
Д.Р. ШАРИПОВ ◽  
О.А. ЯКИМОВ ◽  
И.Ш. ГАЛИМУЛЛИН

Изучена технология дополнительного скармливания концентрированных кормов во время доения в условиях системы автоматизированного доения на коровах голштинской породы, разделенных на 6 групп по молочной продуктивности. Исследования показали, что с повышением молочной продуктивности в группах коров увеличивается количество выданных и потребленных концентратов. Аналогичная закономерность установлена по времени посещения доильной станции на количество потребления комбикорма, чем дольше коровы задерживаются в боксах доения, тем больше концентрированных кормов они потребляют. Животные всех групп неполностью съедают комбикорм, получаемый на станции доения, остатки концентратов от выданной нормы в группе коров с удоем менее 20,0 кг составили 8,3%, 20,1—25,0 кг — 3,6%, 25,1—30,0 кг — 5,9%, 30,1—35,0 кг — 8,9%, 35,1—40,0 кг — 7,9% и в группе с удоем более 40,1 кг — 7,5%. Анализ затрат концентрированных кормов,получаемых на станции доения, на 1 кг молока показал, что группы коров с удоем 35,1—40,0 и более 40,1 кг на 11,5—18,9% недополучают концентратов, обратная тенденция в группе коров с удоем 20,1—25,0 и менее 20,0 кг, которым для сохранения интереса к роботизированной установке требуется на 9,4—10,4% больше концентрированных кормов. The technology of additional feeding of concentrated feeds during milking under the conditions of an automatic milking system on Holstein cows, divided into 6 groups according to milk production, has been studied. Studies have shown that with an increase in milk production in the groups of cows, the amount of concentrates allocated and consumed increases. The influence of box-visiting time per milking on the amount of concentrate consumption has been established, the longer the cows stay in the milking boxes, the more concentrated feed they consume. Animals of all groups do not fully consume the compound feed obtained in the milking box, the remains of concentrates from the given norm in the group of cows with a milk yield of less than 20.0 kg was 8.3%, in the group of  20.1—25.0 kg — 3.6%, in the group of  25, 1—30.0 kg — 5.9%, in the group of 30.1—35.0 kg — 8.9%, in the group of 35.1—40.0 kg — 7.9% and in the group with a milk yield of more  40.1 kg — 7.5%. Analysis of the costs of concentrated feed per kg of milk received at the milking box showed that groups of cows with a yield of 35.1—40.0 and more than 40.1 kg at 11.5—18.9% do not receive concentrates, the opposite trend is a group of cows with a milk yield of 20.1—25.0 and less than 20.0 kg, which require 9.4—10.4% more concentrated feed to maintain interest in a robotic unit.


2013 ◽  
Vol 409-410 ◽  
pp. 1347-1352
Author(s):  
Hong Jun Cui ◽  
Xiao Gao Xing ◽  
Guo Feng Liang ◽  
Ya Ping Li

According to the analysis of distributing characteristics which obtained by the investigation of different types vehicles of many freeways, the law is discovered that distributing characteristics of same types of vehicles are similar on different freeways, using test to certificate that distributions of same types of vehicles are submitted to identical normal distribution, and the rationality of this phenomenon is discussed with statistical point of view. Calculated and predicted method of wheelpath distribution and axle load distribution are established that based on traffic flow. In the end, an example is used to confirm the accuracy of this method by contrasting the survey result and the predicted result.


2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 9941-9953 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Menajovsky ◽  
C.E. Walpole ◽  
T.J. DeVries ◽  
K.S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein ◽  
M.E. Walpole ◽  
...  

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1553-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arifuzzaman ◽  
Rafiqul A. Tarefder

This study evaluates the role of antistripping agents to resist moisture-induced damage in asphalt binders. A total of five different types of antistripping agents are used. Plastomer and elastomer modified asphalt binders are used to modify the original base binder. Functionalized and non-functionalized AFM tips are used to determine adhesion in asphalt. With-CH3 tip, lime is found to be the most effective to protect moisture damage in asphalt binder as the adhesion loss is almost zero. The statistical tests show the Pearson values are very close to-1 that indicates a good correlation among the variables. Also the p-values are well below the prescribed value of 0.2% that indicates the test results to be significant from the statistical point of view.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-415
Author(s):  
B. Sitkowska ◽  
M. Kolenda ◽  
D. Piwczyński

Objective: The aim of the paper was to compare the fit of data derived from daily automatic milking systems (AMS) and monthly test-day records with the use of lactation curves; data was analysed separately for primiparas and multiparas.Methods: The study was carried out on three Polish Holstein-Friesians (PHF) dairy herds. The farms were equipped with an automatic milking system which provided information on milking performance throughout lactation. Once a month cows were also subjected to test-day milkings (method A4). Most studies described in the literature are based on test-day data; therefore, we aimed to compare models based on both test-day and AMS data to determine which mathematical model (Wood or Wilmink) would be the better fit.Results: Results show that lactation curves constructed from data derived from the AMS were better adjusted to the actual milk yield (MY) data regardless of the lactation number and model. Also, we found that the Wilmink model may be a better fit for modelling the lactation curve of PHF cows milked by an AMS as it had the lowest values of Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, mean square error, the highest coefficient of determination values, and was more accurate in estimating MY than the Wood model. Although both models underestimated peak MY, mean, and total MY, the Wilmink model was closer to the real values.Conclusion: Models of lactation curves may have an economic impact and may be helpful in terms of herd management and decision-making as they assist in forecasting MY at any moment of lactation. Also, data obtained from modelling can help with monitoring milk performance of each cow, diet planning, as well as monitoring the health of the cow.


1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
N.B. Prescott ◽  
T.T.F. Mottram ◽  
A.J.F. Webster

Automatic milking systems have the option to feed cows as they are being milked. This would be beneficial if it were to keep cows quieter during the teat cup attachment and milking process, and improve yield, flow rate and time taken to milk out via its action on oxytocin as shown by Svennersten and Samuelsson, 1994. Potentially feeding may create dust and encourage vermin, defecation and urination. It may also make the cows more restless (Whipp, 1992). The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of feeding cows in the milking stall of an automatic milking system on their behaviour and milking characteristics.


2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Beata Sitkowska ◽  
Dariusz Piwczyński ◽  
Marcin Brzozowski ◽  
Joanna Aerts

Cows in their first lactation usually have lower milking parameters than multiparous cows. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in milking parameters in primiparous and multiparous cows in a quarter milking system. This is preliminary research which at a later stage will indicate whether primiparous cows milked in an automatic milking system (AMS) throughout their first lactation will have better milking parameters as multiparous cows. The data for statistical analysis was collected from three dairy herds in which Lely Astronaut A4 automatic milking systems were used. In total, data from 718 cows were analysed (531 lactations of primiparous cows and 477 of multiparous cows). The data was collected over a period of four years beginning in 2012, when the automatic milking system was implemented. After eliminating visits to the milking robot which ended in refusal, we analysed 352,708 milking sessions from primiparous cows and 488,711 from multiparous cows. Multifactorial analysis of variance of the numerical data was performed using a linear model taking into account the effect of herd, lactation stage, milking year and season, and the interaction of these factors. The statistical procedure showed that all linear model components had a highly significant or significant impact on the milking parameters considered. During initial stage of lactation the duration of the stay in the milking robot in the two groups was very similar—396-398 s. During this stage the milking time was about 268 s for the primiparous cows and 280 for the multiparous cows, and the average milk yield was 8.38 kg for the former and 10.40 kg for the latter. During the final stage of lactation (after 200 days) the milking time was 214 s in the primiparous cows and 241 in the multiparous cows, with yield of 7.93 and 8.77 kg of milk, respectively. Both primiparous and multiparous cows stayed longer in the milking robot and were milked longer in the spring and winter, which can be linked to higher milk yield. In both groups of cows it took longer to milk the rear quarters; these differences amounted to about 25 s in the primiparous group and about 40 s in the multiparous group.


2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bach ◽  
Martí Dinarés ◽  
Maria Devant ◽  
Xavier Carré

A longitudinal study involving 73 primiparous (PP) and 47 multiparous (MP) Holstein cows was conducted over an 8-month period to assess the associations between locomotion score (LCS) and milk production, dry matter intake (DMI), feeding behaviour, and number of visits to an automatic milking system (AMS). Twice weekly, all cows were locomotion scored (scale 1–5) by the same observer. Individual eating behaviour and individual feed consumption at each cow visit to the feed troughs, individual milk production, the time of milking, and the number of milkings for each cow were recorded for the day of locomotion scoring and the day before and after. Dependent variables, such as milk yield, DMI, etc. were modelled using a mixed-effects model with parity, LCS, days in milk (DIM), the exponential of −0·05 DIM, and the interaction between parity and LCS, as fixed effects and random intercepts and random slopes for the linear and the exponential of −0·05DIM effects within cow. LCS did not affect time of attendance at feed troughs, but affected the location that cows occupied in the feed troughs. The time devoted to eating and DMI decreased with increasing LCS. Milk production decreased with LCS>3. The number of daily visits to the AMS also decreased with increasing LCS. The cows with high LCS were fetched more often than the cows with low LCS. Overall, PP cows were more sensitive to the effects of increasing LCS than were MP cows. The decrease in milk production observed with increasing LCS seemed to be affected similarly by the decrease in DMI and by the decrease in number of daily visits to the AMS. A further economic loss generated by lame cows with AMS will be associated with the additional labour needed to fetch them.


1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
N.B. Prescott ◽  
T.T.F. Mottram ◽  
A.J.F. Webster

Automatic milking systems have the option to feed cows as they are being milked. This would be beneficial if it were to keep cows quieter during the teat cup attachment and milking process, and improve yield, flow rate and time taken to milk out via its action on oxytocin as shown by Svennersten and Samuelsson, 1994. Potentially feeding may create dust and encourage vermin, defecation and urination. It may also make the cows more restless (Whipp, 1992). The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of feeding cows in the milking stall of an automatic milking system on their behaviour and milking characteristics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Vida Juozaitiene ◽  
Arunas Juozaitis ◽  
Judita Zymantiene ◽  
Ugne Spancerniene ◽  
Ramunas Antanaitis ◽  
...  

AbstractIn this study, we hypothesized that differences of automatic milking systems (AMS) variables in dairy cows during estrus and through diverse stages of lactation can be suggested as alternative indicators to support the pregnancy in dairy farms using automatic milking systems. The key objectives were: (1) to determine the variation of automatic milking system indicators during lactation and to estimate the relationship with reproduction status in dairy cows; (2) to test the hypothesis that milking traits of cows can be influenced by estrus and conceiving, and can be used as a predictor of the likelihood of reproductive success in dairy herds. Estrus synchronization was performed in 368 healthy Lithuanian Black and White cows. All cows (n = 368) were synchronized and inseminated for the first time on the 91st day in milk (DIM). Cows not pregnant (17.39%) were synchronized and inseminated again at 132 DIM. After the first insemination pregnant (n = 304) cows were identified as group 1, after the second insemination pregnant (n = 58) cows – as group 2. Overall, 12 01 713 records of udder quarters in cows from 5 to 305 DIM were evaluated. The results revealed the reduction in milk yield during estrus 11.05% on 91 DIM and 13.89% on 132 DIM (P < 0.001) and an increment in milk flow traits in cows after 91 DIM (P < 0.05), also a slight decline in milk flow traits on 132 DIM. Furthermore, milking frequency (MF) of cows decreased significantly (P < 0.001) after conceiving. The interval between milkings (MI) increased (40.30%) during estrus of cows in group 1 (P < 0.001), and thereafter gradually increased, however in group 2 there was a temporary increment (6.06%) on the 91 DIM and steady rise (42.13%) on 132 DIM was noticed. The results highlight that changes in AMS indicators of cows may be considered as an additional tool for improvement of reproductive management in dairy herds, but further research-based studies are necessary before practical application.


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