Intergenerational Income Mobility in Taiwan: Evidence from TS2SLS and Structural Quantile Regression

Abstract We estimate intergenerational income mobility in Taiwan, employing repeated cross-sectional data. We find that the father–son, father–daughter, mother–son and mother–daughter income elasticities-at-40 are around 0.18, 0.23, 0.50 and 0.54, respectively. Moreover, the mother–child income elasticity increases slightly over children’s birth year, while the father–child elasticity is stable, but we do not find any time trend in elasticities. Since mean-regression results may not be informative in fast growing economies, we estimate relative mobility via structural quantile regression models. The results indicate that parents’ income affects children’s income mainly through the propagation of children’s income shocks, rather than affecting the level directly.

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Struktur und Ausmaß der intergenerationalen Einkommensmobilität in Deutschland / Structure and Extent of Intergenerational Income Mobility in Germany

Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik ◽

10.1515/jbnst-2009-0406 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 229 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Daniel Schnitzlein

Keyword(s):

Income Distribution ◽

Quantile Regression ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

Income Mobility ◽

Transition Matrices ◽

Intergenerational Income Mobility ◽

Regression Approach ◽

Using Data ◽

High Level

SummaryThe paper examines the structure and the extent of intergenerational income mobility in Germany. Using data from the German Socio-economic Panel it is possible to look at both, father-son and father-daughter pairs. In the present case the intergenerational income elasticity is 0.26 for father-son pairs and 0.36 for father-daughter pairs. A more detailed analysis is carried out, applying a quantile regression approach. In a third step I estimate the transition matrices of sons. Although there is some persistence at both ends of the income distribution, the results show a high level of intergenerational mobility in Germany.

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Intergenerational Income Mobility in a Less-Developed, High-Inequality Context: The Case of Chile

The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.2202/1935-1682.2339 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Javier I Nunez ◽

Leslie Miranda

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

High Income ◽

Income Mobility ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

International Evidence ◽

Intergenerational Income Mobility ◽

Income Determinants

Abstract This paper studies the magnitude of intergenerational income mobility in less developed, high inequality Chile. Following a known methodology where fathers' incomes are predicted from standard income determinants such as education and occupation, we get comparable estimates of the intergenerational income elasticity in the range of 0.57 to 0.74 and 0.63 to 0.76 for ages 25-40 and 31-40, respectively. These values place Chile at the high end of the available international evidence. Considering Chile's high income inequality, this finding supports the hypothesis proposed in the literature of an inverse relationship between cross-sectional income inequality and intergenerational income mobility.

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The income elasticity of lottery revisited: a worldwide perspective

Economics and Business Letters ◽

10.17811/ebl.10.4.2021.403-407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 403-407

Author(s):

Levi Pérez ◽

Álvaro Muñiz

Keyword(s):

Panel Data ◽

Income Distribution ◽

Quantile Regression ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

Aggregate Demand ◽

Demand Functions ◽

Income Elasticities ◽

World Regions ◽

Regression Approach

Using panel data information from The WLA Global Lottery Data Compendium this paper estimates aggregate demand functions for lottery tickets in order to examine variation in the income elasticity of lottery tickets worldwide. The analysis uses a panel data quantile regression approach. The estimated elasticities are compared across income quartiles and world regions. The results provide evidence that a significant variation in the income elasticities across both geographic areas and the income distribution exists. Also, a clear heterogeneity in the incidence of lottery expenditures is observed. Overall, it is found that lottery is a normal good.

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An Empirical Analysis of Income Elasticity of Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Expenditure in Mauritius

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare10010101 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Jamiil Jeetoo ◽

Vishal Chandr Jaunky

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Expenditure ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

Healthcare Provision ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Expenditure Patterns ◽

Universal Healthcare ◽

Income Elasticities ◽

Income Groups ◽

Pseudo Panel ◽

Income Quartile

A free universal healthcare provision exists in Mauritius. Yet the share of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure out of total household expenditure has been growing over time. This study estimates income elasticity of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure using Mauritian household data within an Engel curve framework. In the absence of longitudinal data on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure patterns, the study proposes the application of the pseudo-panel approach using cross-sectional Household Budget Survey waves from 1996/97 to 2017. Income elasticity of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure is estimated to be 0.938, which is just below unity. This implies that out-of-pocket healthcare demand is not considered to be a luxury, but a necessity in Mauritius. In order to see the differences in income elasticities by income groups, separate regressions are estimated for each income quartile over different years. The results indicate that income elasticities of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure vary non-monotonically.

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Gender difference in the association between food away-from-home consumption and body weight outcomes among Chinese adults

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980016001257 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (16) ◽

pp. 2984-2990 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wen-Wen Du ◽

Bing Zhang ◽

Hui-Jun Wang ◽

Zhi-Hong Wang ◽

Chang Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Quantile Regression ◽

Regression Models ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Away From Home ◽

Weight Outcomes ◽

Health Initiatives ◽

Individual Household

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to explore the associations between food away-from-home (FAFH) consumption and body weight outcomes among Chinese adults.DesignFAFH was defined as food prepared at restaurants and the percentage of energy from FAFH was calculated. Measured BMI and waist circumference (WC) were used as body weight outcomes. Quantile regression models for BMI and WC were performed separately by gender.SettingInformation on demographic, socio-economic, diet and health parameters at individual, household and community levels was collected in twelve provinces of China.SubjectsA cross-sectional sample of 7738 non-pregnant individuals aged 18–60 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2011 was analysed.ResultsFor males, quantile regression models showed that percentage of energy from FAFH was associated with an increase in BMI of 0·01, 0·01, 0·01, 0·02, 0·02 and 0·03 kg/m2 at the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th quantile, and an increase in WC of 0·04, 0·06, 0·06, 0·04, 0·06, 0·05 and 0·07 cm at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th quantile. For females, percentage of energy from FAFH was associated with 0·01, 0·01, 0·01 and 0·02 kg/m2 increase in BMI at the 10th, 25th, 90th and 95th quantile, and with 0·05, 0·04, 0·03 and 0·03 cm increase in WC at the 5th, 10th, 25th and 75th quantile.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that FAFH consumption is relatively more important for BMI and WC among males rather than females in China. Public health initiatives are needed to encourage Chinese adults to make healthy food choices when eating out.

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Are we born equal: a study of intergenerational income mobility in China

Journal of Demographic Economics ◽

10.1017/dem.2018.19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Mengjie Jin ◽

Xuemei Bai ◽

Kevin X Li ◽

Wenming Shi

Keyword(s):

Intergenerational Transmission ◽

Income Elasticity ◽

Income Mobility ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

The Past ◽

Transmission Channels ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Intergenerational Income Mobility ◽

Cross Country ◽

Developed Nations

AbstractStudies show that the gain from China's remarkable growth of the past 35 years has not been evenly shared, especially through the intergenerational transmission of income. To address this concern, we use data from China Health and Nutrition Survey and find the intergenerational income elasticity to be 0.466 in 2011, which suggests that sons’ incomes are affected by their fathers’ economic statuses to a large extent. A cross-country comparison indicates that the degree of generational income mobility in China is lower than that in many developed nations. Meanwhile, by investigating possible transmission channels, we find that the fathers’ investments in the sons’ education and occupation play substantial roles in intergenerational transmission of income. The results not only demonstrate the trends in intergenerational income mobility in China, but also identify the most likely transmission channels, which is of great importance to improving social equality.

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Income Mobility, Income Risk, and Welfare

The World Bank Economic Review ◽

10.1093/wber/lhx022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 375-393

Author(s):

Tom Krebs ◽

Pravin Krishna ◽

William F Maloney

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Measurement Error ◽

Low Income ◽

Income Mobility ◽

Income Shocks ◽

Income Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Welfare Evaluation ◽

Transitory Income ◽

Using Data

Abstract This paper presents a framework for the quantitative analysis of individual income dynamics, mobility, and welfare, with ex ante identical individuals facing a stochastic income process and market incompleteness, implying that they are unable to insure against persistent shocks to income. We show how the parameters of the income process can be estimated using repeated cross-sectional data with a short panel dimension and use a simple consumption-saving model for quantitative analysis of mobility and welfare. Our empirical application, using data on individual incomes from Mexico, provides striking results. Most of the measured income mobility is driven by measurement error or transitory income shocks and is therefore (almost) welfare neutral. Only a small part of measured income mobility is due to either welfare-reducing income risk or welfare-enhancing catching-up of low-income individuals with high-income individuals, both of which, nevertheless, have economically significant effects on social welfare. Strikingly, roughly half of the mobility that cannot be attributed to measurement error or transitory income shocks is driven by welfare-reducing persistent income shocks. Decomposing mobility into its fundamental components is thus crucial from the standpoint of welfare evaluation.

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STUDY ON THRIVE SCORE IN THE PROGNOSIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2017.6.3 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 22-24

Author(s):

Thi Thao Nhi Tran ◽

Dinh Toan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Vascular Events ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Key Words Ischemic Stroke ◽

Outcome Mortality ◽

Better Than

Background and Purpose: Stroke is the second cause of mortality and the leading cause of disability. Using the clinical scale to predict the outcome of the patient play an important role in clinical practice. The Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events (THRIVE) score has shown broad utility, allowing prediction of clinical outcome and death. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducting on 102 patients with acute ischemic stroke using THRIVE score. The outcome of patient was assessed by mRankin in the day of 30 after stroke. Statistic analysis using SPSS 15.0. Results: There was 60.4% patient in the group with THRIVE score 0 – 2 points having a good outcome (mRS 0 - 2), patient group with THRIVE score 6 - 9 having a high rate of bad outcome and mortality. Having a positive correlation between THRIVE score on admission and mRankin score at the day 30 after stroke with r = 0.712. THRIVE score strongly predicts clinical outcome with ROC-AUC was 0.814 (95% CI 0.735 - 0.893, p<0.001), Se 69%, Sp 84% and the cut-off was 2. THRIVE score strongly predicts mortality with ROC-AUC was 0.856 (95% CI 0.756 - 0.956, p<0.01), Se 86%, Sp 77% and the cut-off was 3. Analysis of prognostic factors by multivariate regression models showed that THRIVE score was only independent prognostic factor for the outcome of post stroke patients. Conclusions: The THRIVE score is a simple-to-use tool to predict clinical outcome, mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. Despite its simplicity, the THRIVE score performs better than several other outcome prediction tools. Key words: Ischemic stroke, THRIVE, prognosis, outcome, mortality

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