scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative central bank communication and inflation expectations

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hubert
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Instrumental Variables ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Governing Council ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Central Bank Communication ◽  
Instrumental Variables Estimation ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractWe aim to investigate the simultaneous and interacted effects of central bank qualitative and quantitative communication on private inflation expectations, measured with survey and market-based measures. The effects of ECB inflation projections and Governing Council members’ speeches are identified through an instrumental-variables estimation using a principal component analysis to generate relevant instruments. We find that ECB projections have a positive effect on current-year forecasts, and that ECB projections and speeches are substitutes at longer horizons. Moreover, ECB speeches and the ECB rate reinforce the effect of ECB projections when they are consistent, and convey the same signal about inflationary pressures.

Monetary Policy Committees and Central Bank Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-44
Author(s):  
Nicole Baerg
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Central Bank Communication ◽  
Central Bank Transparency ◽  
Key Policy

This chapter starts by tracing trends in central bank transparency. It reports key policy changes by some of the world’s most important central banks: the FOMC, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England, and the Bank of Japan. The second section reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on central bank design, paying close attention to the role of committee size, composition, and decision-making protocol, and classifies central banks around the world according to these features. The third section outlines the aim of central bank communications: to broadcast news and to reduce noise. The author argues that while previous literature has examined both committee design and central bank communications, it has done so in isolation. By putting these two topics together, the chapter argues that we can better understand, first, how different types of committees may be better at communicating and, second, how communication affects households’ inflation expectations and inflation.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of V-Type Amylose-Alcohol Complexes

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1596-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Zhi Yang ◽  
Xin Xin Xiao ◽  
Miao Miao Zheng ◽  
Yan Qi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Analysis Calculation ◽  
Infrared Absorption Spectra

In this paper, B-type microcrystalline starch made a combination with ethanol, butanol, hexanol and octanol respectively under certain conditions, a series of V-type amylose-alcohol complexes were prepared. Infrared absorption spectra of obtained Vethanol, Vbutanol, Vhexanol, Voctanol were measured qualitatively to determine the certain alcohol in V-type complexes; Further application of principal component analysis (PCA) with SPSS13.0, DPS7.05 statistical software for analysis calculation of infrared absorption spectra. The result showed that the content of alcohol in Vethanol, Vbutanol, Vhexanol, Voctanol were 19.8%, 14.1%, 9.79% and 8.3%.

Taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) species: a morphological and morphometric approach, with a description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4660 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-94
Author(s):  
JAIRO A. MORENO-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
RANULFO GONZÁLEZ O. ◽  
EDUARDO FLÓREZ D.
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
A New Species

We present a taxonomic revision of the Colombian Tityus (Archaeotityus) species based on morphological and morphometric evidence. We examined more than 385 specimens and evaluated new and previously used qualitative and quantitative morphological characters. We redescribe the Colombian species and present morphological characters for both sexes and an emended diagnosis for the subgenus Tityus (Archaeotityus). We describe a new species Tityus guane sp. nov. from Santander department, Colombia, Tityus betschi Lourenço 1992 is synonymized with Tityus parvulus Kraepelin, 1914, and Tityus wayuu Rojas-Runjaic & Armas, 2007 is synonymized with Tityus tayrona Lourenço, 1991. We measured 186 specimens and performed a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) for 34 selected morphometric ratios for each sex. We found that a few morphological ratios support species level distinctions within the Colombian species. We provide updated distributional maps with new records and an identification key for both sexes. Furthermore, we provide an updated checklist for the subgenus and a discussion about the character systems used within Tityus (Archaeotityus). The new morphological characters proposed and the traditional morphometry examined with a PCA are useful for studying Tityus (Archaeotityus) taxonomy.

scholarly journals Effect of Skin Maceration Treatment on Aroma Profiles of Kiwi Wines Elaborated with Actinidia deliciosa “Xuxiang” and A. chinensis “Hort16A”

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 683-685
Author(s):  
Qi Yiman ◽  
Liu Miaomiao ◽  
Yang Kun ◽  
Fan Mingtao
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Actinidia Deliciosa ◽  
Odor Threshold ◽  
Kiwi Fruit ◽  
Aroma Components ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background: Kiwi has become an important and promising fruit to ferment kiwi wine in recent years in China. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of skin maceration treatment on aroma profiles of kiwi wine elaborated with two representative kiwi varieties (Actinidia deliciosa “Xuxiang” and A. chinensis“Hort16A”). Methods: Aroma profiles were characterized using solid-phase microextraction GC-MS method. Principal component analysis was used to separate and group the wines as well as for identifying the aroma components that best differentiate the wines. Results: Esters and alcohols were the two most abundant compounds in kiwi wine. Skin macerationtreatment gave rise to a positive effectof aroma profiles, resulting in a significant increase of terpenes. A total of 11 volatile compounds were found at concentrations higher than their odor threshold in kiwi wine samples. Conclusions:The study could play a role in laying a foundation for the development of the kiwi fruit wine industry. Highlights: Different aroma profiles were presented because of variety differences.Skin maceration treatment gave rise to a positive effect of aroma profiles, which resulted in a significant increase of terpenes.

Central bank’s perception on inflation and inflation expectations of experts

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Caldas Montes ◽  
Rodolfo Tomás da Fonseca Nicolay
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Inflation Expectations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Central Bank Communication

Purpose – Due to the fact that studies on central bank communication in emerging countries are still scarce and there are few studies related to the influence that central bank’s perspectives about the state of the economy have on inflation expectations in emerging economies, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature in the following aspects: it proposes an indicator of the central bank’s perception of inflation based on the minutes of the COPOM meetings, and, it analyzes the influence of central bank communication on expert inflation expectations through such indicator. Design/methodology/approach – Due to the fact that the perception of the Central Bank of Brazil is not directly observable, it is measured through the fuzzy set theory by an indicator that captures the informational content of the minutes of the COPOM meetings. The empirical analysis uses ordinary least squares, the generalized method of moments and vector-autoregressive through impulse-response analysis. Findings – The findings suggest that the expectations of financial market experts react according to the content of the information provided by the central bank, i.e., announcements cause deterioration of expectations in times of instability, and reduce inflation expectations when inflation is controlled. The results also support the idea that the credibility of inflation targeting plays a key role in determining inflation expectations. Practical implications – This paper suggests a new approach on studies about central bank communication. The focus here is not on the effect of the announcements in terms of future monetary policy, but on the perception of the central bank in terms of inflation. This central bank’s perception reflects the optimistic or pessimistic view about the economic outlook and risk of inflation and this perception is considered by experts of financial markets. Originality/value – For Brazil, there are no studies about the influence of communication through the minutes of the Brazilian Monetary Policy Committee meetings on inflation expectations. The authors develop an indicator in order to measure central bank’s perception of inflation based on the minutes of COPOM meetings.

scholarly journals Multivariate analysis of genetic diversity in Phytophthora pod rot resistant exotic cocoa germplasm

2020 ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
S.A. Veeresh ◽  
J.S. Minimol ◽  
B. Suma ◽  
P.S. Panchami ◽  
K.S. Shilpa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Eigen Value ◽  
Hybridization Programme

The current research work was carried out to evaluate the genetic diversity associated with thirty cocoa accessions resistant to Phytophthora. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis evaluated the genetic variability among the different genotypes. The highest number of genotypes were observed in cluster III (8) when qualitative traits were considered. In quantitative cluster analysis, most of the genotypes were placed in separate clusters due to high variability in the germplasm. Principal component (PC) analysis showed that the first three PCs with more than one Eigen-value contributed to 79.9 per cent of variability for different traits. When qualitative and quantitative characters were considered along with resistant reaction, clusters with genotypes highly resistant to Phytophthora pod rot were observed. Hybridization programme involving these resistant hybrids belonging to diverse clusters will result in high yielding hybrids with ample resistance.

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