Identification of early biomarkers in proteomic profiles of the phaeophyte Saccharina japonica proximal to and beneath the front of bryozoan colonies

AbstractThe sessile bryozoanMembranipora membranaceafrequently colonizes the phaeophyteSaccharina japonica.Identifying early colonization markers using proteomics could assist in the early detection of epiphytic contamination. Different sections of thallus tissue proximal to the bryozoan (i.e. the 1-cm zone beyond the boundary of the colony) and tissue from the colony-front (i.e. the narrow zone under the newly formed front of the colony after removing the bryozoans) were separated. From the proteomic profiles ofS. japonica, we detected 151 protein spots (99 up-, 50 down-, and 2 similarly regulated) from proximal tissues and 151 spots (69 up-, 75 down-, and 7 same-regulated) from colony-front tissues. Hundred and ten spots were detected from distal healthy thallus tissue, used as a control. The protein SSP15 was specifically up-regulated in the proximal tissues by ca. 1395-fold, while it exhibited little expression at the colony-front and in distal healthy tissues. ATPases were markedly up-regulated in both the proximal and colony-front tissues by 3198- and 2475-fold, respectively. Rpl1P and SRSF proteins were specifically up-regulated only in colony-front tissues by 5724- and 273-fold, respectively. Therefore, these proteins may be used as specific biomarkers for the early detection of bryozoan colonization on each tissue type of the seaweed.

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Induced changes in the proteomic profile of the phaeophyte Saccharina japonica upon colonization by the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-013-0105-5 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 657-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paulos Getachew ◽

Md. Abdul Hannan ◽

Bo-Hye Nam ◽

Ji-Young Cho ◽

Yong-Ki Hong

Keyword(s):

Saccharina Japonica ◽

Proteomic Profile ◽

Membranipora Membranacea ◽

Induced Changes

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Metabolic Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Cancer Cachexia

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.720096 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas M. O’Connell ◽

Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo ◽

Fabrizio Pin ◽

Rafael Barreto ◽

Stephanie L. Dickinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Early Detection ◽

Time Course ◽

Cancer Cachexia ◽

Early Biomarkers ◽

Tumor Bearing ◽

Tibialis Muscle ◽

Metabolic Biomarkers

Background: Cancer cachexia is a severe metabolic disorder characterized by progressive weight loss along with a dramatic loss in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Like cancer, cachexia progresses in stages starting with pre-cachexia to cachexia and finally to refractory cachexia. In the refractory stage, patients are no longer responsive to therapy and management of weight loss is no longer possible. It is therefore critical to detect cachexia as early as possible. In this study we applied a metabolomics approach to search for early biomarkers of cachexia.Methods: Multi-platform metabolomics analyses were applied to the murine Colon-26 (C26) model of cachexia. Tumor bearing mice (n = 5) were sacrificed every other day over the 14-day time course and control mice (n = 5) were sacrificed every fourth day starting at day 2. Linear regression modeling of the data yielded metabolic trajectories that were compared with the trajectories of body weight and skeletal muscle loss to look for early biomarkers of cachexia.Results: Weight loss in the tumor-bearing mice became significant at day 9 as did the loss of tibialis muscle. The loss of muscle in the gastrocnemius and quadriceps was significant at day 7. Reductions in amino acids were among the earliest metabolic biomarkers of cachexia. The earliest change was in methionine at day 4. Significant alterations in acylcarnitines and lipoproteins were also detected several days prior to weight loss.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that metabolic alterations appear well in advance of observable weight loss. The earliest and most significant alterations were found in amino acids and lipoproteins. Validation of these results in other models of cachexia and in clinical studies will pave the way for a clinical diagnostic panel for the early detection of cachexia. Such a panel would provide a tremendous advance in cachectic patient management and in the design of clinical trials for new therapeutic interventions.

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Deciphering Prunus Responses to PPV Infection: A Way toward the Use of Metabolomics Approach for the Diagnostic of Sharka Disease

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo11070465 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 465

Author(s):

Christian Espinoza ◽

Benoît Bascou ◽

Christophe Calvayrac ◽

Cédric Bertrand

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Early Detection ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Tissue Type ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

Primary Metabolism ◽

Ripening Process ◽

Leaf Tissues ◽

Sharka Disease

Sharka disease, caused by Plum pox virus (PPV), induces several changes in Prunus. In leaf tissues, the infection may cause oxidative stress and disrupt the photosynthetic process. Moreover, several defense responses can be activated after PPV infection and have been detected at the phytohormonal, transcriptomic, proteomic, and even translatome levels. As proposed in this review, some responses may be systemic and earlier to the onset of symptoms. Nevertheless, these changes are highly dependent among species, variety, sensitivity, and tissue type. In the case of fruit tissues, PPV infection can modify the ripening process, induced by an alteration of the primary metabolism, including sugars and organic acids, and secondary metabolism, including phenolic compounds. Interestingly, metabolomics is an emerging tool to better understand Prunus–PPV interactions mainly in primary and secondary metabolisms. Moreover, through untargeted metabolomics analyses, specific and early candidate biomarkers of PPV infection can be detected. Nevertheless, these candidate biomarkers need to be validated before being selected for a diagnostic or prognosis by targeted analyses. The development of a new method for early detection of PPV-infected trees would be crucial for better management of the outbreak, especially since there is no curative treatment.

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