Species delimitation and relationship in Crocus L. (Iridaceae)

AbstractThe genusCrocusL. (Iridaceae) is monophyletic and contains about 100 species throughout the world.Crocusspecies have horticultural, medicinal and pharmacological importance. Saffron is the dried styles ofC. sativusand is one of the world’s most expensive spices by weight. Controversy exits about the taxonomy of the genus and the species relationship. Exploring genetic diversity and inter-specific cross-ability are important tasks for conservation of wild taxa and for breeding of cultivatedC. sativus. The present study was performed to study genetic variability and population structure in fiveCrocusL. species includingCrocus almehensisBrickell & Mathew,C. caspiusFischer & Meyer,C. speciosusMarschall von Biberstein,C. haussknechtiiBoissier, andC. sativusL. by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. We also used published internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences to study species relationship and compare the results with ISSR data. The results revealed a high degree of genetic variability both within and among the studied species. Neighbor joining (NJ) tree and network analysis revealed that ISSR markers are useful inCrocusspecies delimitation. Population fragmentation occurred inC. caspiusandC. sativus. Both ISSR and sequenced based analyses separatedC. sativusfrom the other studied species. Close genetic affinity ofC. sativusandC. pallisiiand inter-specific gene flow was supported by both data sets.

Download Full-text

Species delimitation and genetic diversity analysis in Salvia with the use of ISSR molecular markers

Acta Botanica Croatica ◽

10.1515/botcro-2016-0005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Masoumeh Safaei ◽

Masoud Sheidai ◽

Behnaz Alijanpoor ◽

Zahra Noormohammadi

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Mantel Test ◽

Species Relationship ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽

Alborz Mountain ◽

High Degree ◽

Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThirty-nine plant specimens of six Salvia species were collected from different localities of the Alborz mountain region in Iran and studied for morphological and genetic variability and species relationship. Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular markers showed a high degree of within-species and interspecific genetic variability in Salvia. Analysis of molecular variance and Hickory tests showed significant molecular difference among the studied populations. A principal coordinate analysis plot of morphological characters grouped the species into two distinct groups, supporting their taxonomic treatment. This was partly supported by ISSR networking. The Mantel test did not show a correlation between genetic distance and the geographical distance of the studied populations. STRUCTURE and reticulation analyses revealed some degree of gene fl ow among the species. The present study showed that ISSR molecular markers could be used in Salvia species delimitation along with morphological study.

Download Full-text

Assessment of genetic variability amongst cultivated populations of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) detected by ISSR

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000162 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Karishma Kashyap ◽

Rasika M. Bhagwat ◽

Sofia Banu

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Northeast India ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Brahmaputra Valley ◽

Indian Food ◽

Cultivated Populations ◽

High Level

Abstract Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.

Download Full-text

Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Biologia ◽

10.1515/biolog-2015-0151 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Masoud Sheidai ◽

Samira Sadeghi ◽

Mahnaz-Arab Ameri ◽

Ahmad-Reza Mehrabeian

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Genetic Difference ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Mantel Test ◽

Geographical Distance ◽

Nj Tree ◽

Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC., O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.

Download Full-text

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Selected Chilean Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) Genotypes Shows Moderate Agronomic and Genetic Variability

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10081688 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1688

Author(s):

Osvin Arriagada ◽

Andrés R. Schwember ◽

María Jesús Greve ◽

Milan O. Urban ◽

Ricardo A. Cabeza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Small Scale ◽

Central Chile ◽

Runner Bean ◽

Agronomic Potential ◽

Phaseolus Species

The runner bean is the third most economically important Phaseolus species, which is cultivated on small-scale agriculture for the production of immature pods or to obtain dry seeds. However, despite the economic importance and agronomic potential of this species, the runner bean has been little studied from the genetic standpoint. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to characterize ten selected lines of runner bean obtained from Central (Santiago) and Southern (Valdivia and Villarica) Chile based on morphological and agronomic traits. In addition, the genetic variability of these lines was determined using 12 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers to evaluate the potential of this germplasm for breeding and commercial purposes. As a result, the lines from Central Chile were characterized, and had a higher number of pods per plant compared to the Southern lines, although the size and weight of their seeds were lower. Moreover, a low level of genetic diversity (He = 0.251) was encountered in this population. Finally, this is one of the first studies that generate relevant and novel information on the morphological, agronomic and genetic characterization of the P. coccineus germplasm present in Chile.

Download Full-text

Genetic polymorphism in populations of voles and shrews from the Kronotsky Reserve (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)

Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica ◽

10.32800/amz.2020.18.0075 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

O. N. Zhigileva ◽

A. Y. Levykh ◽

E. V. Gorbacheva

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Death Valley ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Myodes Rutilus ◽

Volcanic Caldera ◽

Rodent Populations

We studied genetic polymorphism of four mammal species Myodes rutilus, Myodes rufocanus, Sorex isodon, from four localities, the Valley of Geysers, Uzon volcanic caldera, the Death Valley, and the Shore of Kuril Lake. In total, 172 individuals were genotyped using the inter-simple sequence repeat technique. We observed the lowest polymorphism in shrews S. caecutiens. In this species, 68.8 % of bands were polymorphic, and Nei’s genetic diversity (h) was 0.27, while these values in S. isodon were 81.3 % and 0.29, respectively. Populations of M. rufocanus were the most polymorphic among the studied species (P = 91.4, h = 0.34). Polymorphism in M. rutilus from Kamchatka (P = 87.2, h = 0.29) was similar to that from Western Siberia. In addition, we found a high genetic differentiation of rodent populations. The interpopulation component of genetic variability was about 30–40 % (GST = 0.31 in M. rutilus and 0.39 in M. rufocanus). Gene flow among populations of M. rutilus from Kamchatka was two times lower than that of populations of the species from taiga ecosystems in Siberia. Key words: Myodes, Sorex, Differentiation of populations, Genetic variability, ISSR markers, Kamchatka Peninsula

Download Full-text

Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Edible and Medicinal Malva Species Using Flow Cytometry and ISSR Molecular Markers

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10050650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 650

Author(s):

Iwona Jedrzejczyk ◽

Monika Rewers

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Genome Size ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Size Estimation ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

First Choice ◽

Issr Molecular Markers

The Malva genus contains species that reveal therapeutic properties and are mostly important in medicine and the functional food industry. Its breeding, cultivation, and utilization are based on proper germplasm/plant identification, which is difficult using morphological features. For this reason, we applied flow cytometry and inter simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) for fast and accurate species identification. Genome size estimation by flow cytometry was proposed as the first-choice method for quick accession screening. Out of the 12 tested accessions, it was possible to identify six genotypes based on genome size estimation, whereas all species and varieties were identified using ISSR markers. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that Malva species possessed very small (1.45–2.77 pg/2C), small (2.81–3.80 pg/2C), and intermediate (11.06 pg/2C) genomes, but the majority of accessions possessed very small genomes. Additionally, this is the first report on genome size assessment for eight of the accessions. The relationships between the investigated accessions showed the presence of two clusters representing malvoid and lavateroid group of species. Flow cytometry and ISSR molecular markers can be effectively used in the identification and genetic characterization of Malva species.

Download Full-text

Genetic variability analysis of faba bean accessions using Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Chilean journal of agricultural research ◽

10.4067/s0718-58392015000100017 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 122-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

María E Salazar-Laureles ◽

Delfina de J. Pérez-López ◽

Andrés González-Huerta ◽

Luis M Vázquez-García ◽

Ernestina Valadez-Moctezuma

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Sequence Repeat ◽

Variability Analysis ◽

Simple Sequence

Download Full-text

Genetic Variability and Geographic Differentiation in Thymus daenensis subsp. daenensis, an Endangered Medicinal Plant, as Revealed by Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Markers

Biochemical Genetics ◽

10.1007/s10528-009-9281-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 47 (11-12) ◽

pp. 831-842 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Mehdi Rahimmalek ◽

Babak Bahreininejad ◽

Mojtaba Khorrami ◽

Badraldin Ebrahim Sayed Tabatabaei

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Geographic Differentiation ◽

Sequence Repeat ◽

Endangered Medicinal Plant ◽

Simple Sequence

Download Full-text

High genetic differentiation among wild populations of alien Medicago sativa in Lithuania

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-013-0159-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 480-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Regina Vyšniauskienė ◽

Vida Rančelienė ◽

Jolanta Patamsytė ◽

Donatas Žvingila

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

Upgma Cluster Analysis

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa; =M. sativa ssp. sativa) in Lithuania is sown as albuminous forage for cattle due to favourable climatic condition. Over many generations, alfalfa plants have escaped from cultivation fields into natural ecosystems and established wild populations. We collected and analyzed individuals from seventeen wild populations of M. sativa. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses, 117 RAPD and 64 ISSR reproducible and highly polymorphic (90.8% for RAPD and 86.3% for ISSR) loci were established. AMOVA showed a high genetic differentiation of M. sativa populations for both types of DNA markers utilized. According to RAPD markers, the genetic variability among populations was 63.1% and 57.0% when ISSR markers were used. Taken together, these results demonstrate that wild populations of M. sativa possess a high potential of genetic variability, that could potentially result in colonization of natural ecosystems. The UPGMA cluster analysis also showed that the DNA markers discovered in this study can distinguish between M. sativa and M. falcata (=M. sativa ssp. falcata) populations and therefore may be used to study the genetic impact of M. sativa on the native populations of M. falcata.

Download Full-text