Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Selected Chilean Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) Genotypes Shows Moderate Agronomic and Genetic Variability

The runner bean is the third most economically important Phaseolus species, which is cultivated on small-scale agriculture for the production of immature pods or to obtain dry seeds. However, despite the economic importance and agronomic potential of this species, the runner bean has been little studied from the genetic standpoint. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to characterize ten selected lines of runner bean obtained from Central (Santiago) and Southern (Valdivia and Villarica) Chile based on morphological and agronomic traits. In addition, the genetic variability of these lines was determined using 12 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers to evaluate the potential of this germplasm for breeding and commercial purposes. As a result, the lines from Central Chile were characterized, and had a higher number of pods per plant compared to the Southern lines, although the size and weight of their seeds were lower. Moreover, a low level of genetic diversity (He = 0.251) was encountered in this population. Finally, this is one of the first studies that generate relevant and novel information on the morphological, agronomic and genetic characterization of the P. coccineus germplasm present in Chile.

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Assessment of genetic variability amongst cultivated populations of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) detected by ISSR

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262121000162 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Karishma Kashyap ◽

Rasika M. Bhagwat ◽

Sofia Banu

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Northeast India ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Brahmaputra Valley ◽

Indian Food ◽

Cultivated Populations ◽

High Level

Abstract Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a commercial mandarin variety grown in northeast India and one of the 175 Indian food items included in the global first food atlas. The cultivated plantations of Khasi mandarin grown prominently in the lower Brahmaputra valley of Assam, northeast India, have been genetically eroded. The lack in the efforts for conservation of genetic variability in this mandarin variety prompted diversity analysis of Khasi mandarin germplasm across the region. Thus, the study aimed to investigate genetic diversity and partitioning of the genetic variations within and among 92 populations of Khasi mandarin collected from 10 cultivated sites in Kamrup and Kamrup (M) districts of Assam, India, using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. The amplification of genomic DNA with 17 ISSR primers yielded 216 scorable DNA amplicons of which 177 (81.94%) were polymorphic. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39 per primer. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.28 ± 0.03) was close to the diversity within the population (HS = 0.20 ± 0.01). A high mean coefficient of gene differentiation (GST = 0.29) reflected a high level of gene flow (Nm = 1.22), indicating high genetic differentiation among the populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed 78% of intra-population differentiation, 21% among the population and 1% among the districts. The obtained results indicate the existence of a high level of genetic diversity in the cultivated Khasi mandarin populations, indicating the need for preservation of each existing population to revive the dying out orchards in northeast India.

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ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity in Morinda Spp. For Its Enhanced Collection, Conservation and Utilization

10.21203/rs.3.rs-666059/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lalit Arya ◽

Ramya Kossery Narayanan ◽

Anjali Kak ◽

Chitra Devi Pandey ◽

Manjusha Verma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Morinda Citrifolia ◽

Species Differentiation ◽

Information Index ◽

Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽

Simple Sequence

Abstract Morinda (Rubiaceae) is considerably recognized for its multiple uses viz. food, medicine, dyes, firewood, tools, oil, bio-sorbent etc. The molecular characterization of such an important plant would be very useful for its multifarious enhanced utilization. In the present study, 31 Morinda genotypes belonging to two different species Morinda citrifolia and Morinda tomentosa collected from different regions of India were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Fifteen ISSR primers generated 176 bands with an average of 11.7 bands per primer, of which (90.34%) were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands, mean Nei’s gene diversity, mean Shannon’s information index in Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia was [(69.89%, 30.68%); (0.21 ± 0.19, 0.12 ± 0.20); (0.32 ± 0.27 0.17 ± 0.28)] respectively, revealing higher polymorphism and genetic diversity in Morinda tomentosa compared to Morinda citrifolia. Structure, and UPGMA cluster analysis placed the genotypes into well-defined separate clusters belonging to two species Morinda tomentosa and Morinda citrifolia revealing the utility of ISSR markers in species differentiation. Distinct ecotypes within a particular species could also be inferred emphasizing the collection and conservation of Morinda genotypes from different regions, in order to capture the overall diversity of respective species. Further higher diversity of M. tomentosa must be advanced for its utilization in nutraceutical, nutritional and other nonfood purposes.

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Characterization of Italian populations ofLoliumspp. resistant and susceptible to diclofop by inter simple sequence repeat

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-03-125r ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 554-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giovanni Dinelli ◽

Alessandra Bonetti ◽

Ilaria Marotti ◽

Maurizio Minelli ◽

Pietro Catizone

Keyword(s):

Potential Role ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Intergeneric Hybridization ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽

Range Of Variation ◽

Simple Sequence

Three ItalianLoliumweed populations, one susceptible and two resistant to diclofop, were characterized by the technique of inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). The goal of this study was to taxonomically identify theseLoliumpopulations as well as to evaluate evidence for introgression of ISSR fragments fromFestucaand the potential role of this introgression in the diclofop response. ISSR analysis confirmed the genomic background of the weed populations to be consistent with that ofLolium. However, the great range of variation in ISSR banding patterns highlighted that the three ryegrass accessions are mixed populations made up of individuals resulting presumably from intrageneric and intergeneric hybridization in theLolium–Festucacomplex. TwoFestucagenus-discriminating and 20Festucaspecies-discriminating ISSR markers were screened among all the three ryegrass populations. The resistant Tuscania population carried the highest percentage ofFestucagenome (16.8%) followed by the resistant Roma (13.6%) and susceptible Vetralla (7.6%) populations. On the basis of these data some influence ofFestucagenome in diclofop resistance levels of studied ryegrass populations could be hypothesized.

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Genetic polymorphism in populations of voles and shrews from the Kronotsky Reserve (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia)

Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica ◽

10.32800/amz.2020.18.0075 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

O. N. Zhigileva ◽

A. Y. Levykh ◽

E. V. Gorbacheva

Keyword(s):

Genetic Polymorphism ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Death Valley ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Myodes Rutilus ◽

Volcanic Caldera ◽

Rodent Populations

We studied genetic polymorphism of four mammal species Myodes rutilus, Myodes rufocanus, Sorex isodon, from four localities, the Valley of Geysers, Uzon volcanic caldera, the Death Valley, and the Shore of Kuril Lake. In total, 172 individuals were genotyped using the inter-simple sequence repeat technique. We observed the lowest polymorphism in shrews S. caecutiens. In this species, 68.8 % of bands were polymorphic, and Nei’s genetic diversity (h) was 0.27, while these values in S. isodon were 81.3 % and 0.29, respectively. Populations of M. rufocanus were the most polymorphic among the studied species (P = 91.4, h = 0.34). Polymorphism in M. rutilus from Kamchatka (P = 87.2, h = 0.29) was similar to that from Western Siberia. In addition, we found a high genetic differentiation of rodent populations. The interpopulation component of genetic variability was about 30–40 % (GST = 0.31 in M. rutilus and 0.39 in M. rufocanus). Gene flow among populations of M. rutilus from Kamchatka was two times lower than that of populations of the species from taiga ecosystems in Siberia. Key words: Myodes, Sorex, Differentiation of populations, Genetic variability, ISSR markers, Kamchatka Peninsula

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Recurrent selection in inbred popcorn families

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162004000600008 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 609-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Máskio Daros ◽

Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Jr. ◽

Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽

Fabrício Santana Santos ◽

Ana Paula Cândido Gabriel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽

Small Scale ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Genotype By Environment ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Superior Genotypes

Although much appreciated in Brazil, commercial popcorn is currently cropped on a fairly small scale. A number of problems need to be solved to increase production, notably the obtaintion of seeds with good agronomic traits and good culinary characteristics. With the objective of developing superior genotypes in popcorn, a second cycle of intrapopulation recurrent selection based on inbred S1 families was carried out. From the first cycle of selection over the UNB-2U population, 222 S1 families were obtained, which were then divided into six sets and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications within the sets. Experiments were carried out in two Brazilian localities. The analysis of variance revealed environmental effects for all evaluated traits, except popping and stand, showing that, for most traits, these environments affected genotype behavior in different ways. In addition, the set as source of variation was significant for most of the evaluated traits, indicating that dividing the families into sets was an efficient strategy. Genotype-by-environment interaction was detected for most traits, except popping expansion and stand. Differences among genotypes were also detected (1% F-test), making viable the proposition of using the genetic variability in the popcorn population as a basis for future recurrent selection cycles. Superior families were selected using the Smith and Hazel classic index, with predicted genetic gains of 17.8% for popping expansion and 26.95% for yield.

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Genetic diversity analysis and molecular characterization of grain amaranth genotypes using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-019-0146-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mayuri J. Gelotar ◽

Darshan T. Dharajiya ◽

S. D. Solanki ◽

N. N. Prajapati ◽

Kapil K. Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Diversity Analysis ◽

Sequence Repeat ◽

Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽

Simple Sequence

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Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Edible and Medicinal Malva Species Using Flow Cytometry and ISSR Molecular Markers

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10050650 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 650

Author(s):

Iwona Jedrzejczyk ◽

Monika Rewers

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Genome Size ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Size Estimation ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

First Choice ◽

Issr Molecular Markers

The Malva genus contains species that reveal therapeutic properties and are mostly important in medicine and the functional food industry. Its breeding, cultivation, and utilization are based on proper germplasm/plant identification, which is difficult using morphological features. For this reason, we applied flow cytometry and inter simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) for fast and accurate species identification. Genome size estimation by flow cytometry was proposed as the first-choice method for quick accession screening. Out of the 12 tested accessions, it was possible to identify six genotypes based on genome size estimation, whereas all species and varieties were identified using ISSR markers. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that Malva species possessed very small (1.45–2.77 pg/2C), small (2.81–3.80 pg/2C), and intermediate (11.06 pg/2C) genomes, but the majority of accessions possessed very small genomes. Additionally, this is the first report on genome size assessment for eight of the accessions. The relationships between the investigated accessions showed the presence of two clusters representing malvoid and lavateroid group of species. Flow cytometry and ISSR molecular markers can be effectively used in the identification and genetic characterization of Malva species.

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Species delimitation and relationship in Crocus L. (Iridaceae)

Acta Botanica Croatica ◽

10.1515/botcro-2017-0015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 10-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Masoud Sheidai ◽

Melica Tabasi ◽

Mohammad-Reza Mehrabian ◽

Fahimeh Koohdar ◽

Somayeh Ghasemzadeh-Baraki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Data Sets ◽

Species Relationship ◽

Nj Tree ◽

High Degree ◽

Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe genusCrocusL. (Iridaceae) is monophyletic and contains about 100 species throughout the world.Crocusspecies have horticultural, medicinal and pharmacological importance. Saffron is the dried styles ofC. sativusand is one of the world’s most expensive spices by weight. Controversy exits about the taxonomy of the genus and the species relationship. Exploring genetic diversity and inter-specific cross-ability are important tasks for conservation of wild taxa and for breeding of cultivatedC. sativus. The present study was performed to study genetic variability and population structure in fiveCrocusL. species includingCrocus almehensisBrickell & Mathew,C. caspiusFischer & Meyer,C. speciosusMarschall von Biberstein,C. haussknechtiiBoissier, andC. sativusL. by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. We also used published internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences to study species relationship and compare the results with ISSR data. The results revealed a high degree of genetic variability both within and among the studied species. Neighbor joining (NJ) tree and network analysis revealed that ISSR markers are useful inCrocusspecies delimitation. Population fragmentation occurred inC. caspiusandC. sativus. Both ISSR and sequenced based analyses separatedC. sativusfrom the other studied species. Close genetic affinity ofC. sativusandC. pallisiiand inter-specific gene flow was supported by both data sets.

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