scholarly journals Anthropological Description of Skeletal Material from the Dniester Barrowcemetery Complex, Yampil Region, Vinnitsa Oblast (Ukraine)

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-336
Author(s):  
Liudmyla V. Litvinova ◽  
Sylwia Łukasik ◽  
Danuta Żurkiewicz ◽  
Marta Gwizdała ◽  
Maciej Chyleński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Skeletal Material

Abstract Anthropological examinations were performed on skeletal material from four barrow necropolises located in the Yampil Region (Ukraine) and dated to the Eneolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age. The purpose of the examinations was the determination of sex and age at death of individuals, reconstruction of their stature and assessment of their status of health. The examinations covered 61 individuals: 17 children and 44 adults. Their health status was assessed using four common indicators: linear enamel hypoplasia, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis and dental caries.

scholarly journals Frequency and chronological distribution of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age population from Żerniki Górne (Poland) – preliminary report

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tomczyk ◽  
Maria Tomczyk-Gruca ◽  
Marta Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Tool Stress ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) is treated as a nonspecific indicator of stress, but even so, many authors consider it the most reliable tool stress in anthropological research. Its analysis allows the reconstruction of health related to the socio-economic status of the group. This study documents and interprets patterns of LEH in Żerniki Górne (Poland), a settlement which was functional in the Late Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. We examined two successive cultures: the Corded Ware Culture (CWC; 3200-2300BC) and the Trzciniec Culture (TC; 1500-1300BC). In total, there were 1486 permanent teeth (124 adult individuals). The frequency of LEH in the examined cultures shows a small rising trend. In these series from Żernik Górne, males showed a higher occurrence of LEH (16.5%) than females (13.4%). The earliest LEH appeared at similar ages at about 2.0/2.2 years and the last LEH occurred at about 4.2 years of age in both cultures. However, it is worth noting that periods associated with physiological stress were more common but not very long (four months on average) in the CWC. Longer stress periods (nine months on average) were associated with the TC.

scholarly journals Sex diff erences in Late Iron Age Northeast Estonia as indicated in dental pathologies and enamel hypoplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-80
Author(s):  
Jana Limbo
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
Dental Pathology ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Metabolic Stresses

Study of dental pathologies is important in investigating the health and diets of past populations. Dental pathologies of adult peoples show nutritional and hygienic habits in adulthood, but childhood metabolic stresses can be observed in the occurrence of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH). Dental hard tissue pathologies (caries, pre mortem tooth loss, abscesses, calculus, reduction of alveolar bone, molar attrition) and LEH were observed over 15 years in individuals from Jõuga cemetery (11th–16th cc. Northeast Estonia). The aim of the study was to trace sexual differences in diet and subsistence patterns through an analysis of dental pathology.

Appendix IV: Thermoluminescence Dating of Daub from Site 1: The Timber Circle

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (S1) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
N Detenham
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Metal Working ◽  
Thermoluminescence Dating ◽  
Burnt Clay ◽  
Dating Method ◽  
Radioactivity Measurements

A sample of burnt clay (SBC 1), recovered from context 80, c. 0.5 m deep in the central pit of the umber ciicle, was examined by thermoluminescence (TL). The clay was expected to be either Bronze Age or Iron Age in date, being associated either with the timber circle or with the Iron Age metal working in the top of the central pit.The TL dating method measures the time that has elapsed since the heating of the material (which zeroes the TL signal). The measurement consists of firstly a determination of the radiation dose received by the sample since its heating (through the examination of its TL) and secondly an assessment of the rate at which the radiation dose was received (carried out by radioactivity measurements). Further descriptions of the method are given by Aitken (1985) and Zimmerman (1971).The outer 2 mm or more of the sample were cut away to remove those pans that had been exposed to light and to the alpha and beta activity of the surrounding sediment The interior piece was crushed, and fine grains of 2-10 mu were separated by suspension in dilute hydrochloric acid. The grains were then washed in water, methanol and acetone before deposition onto aluminium discs.

scholarly journals Analysis of cribra orbitalia in the earliest inhabitants of medieval Vilnius

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Šarūnas Jatautis ◽  
Ieva Mitokaitė ◽  
Rimantas Jankauskas
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Negative Effect

Analysis of cribra orbitalia in the earliest inhabitants of medieval VilniusThe purpose of this work is to present an analysis of cribra orbitalia (CO) from the population of a medieval cemetery in Vilnius, Lithuania, dated between the end of the 13th to the beginning of the 15th centuries. The sample consisted of 208 individuals with sufficiently preserved orbits: 82 subadults and 122 adults. CO was correlated with sex, age-at-death, and three skeletal indicators of biological health: linear enamel hypoplasia, periostitis, and adult femur length as a proxy value for stature. Siler's and Gompertz-Makeham's parametric models of mortality as well as χ2 statistics were used to evaluate these relationships. Almost one-third of all analyzed individuals had signs of CO, including approximately 60% of the subadults. There was a very strong relationship between the age-at-death and incidence of CO, i.e., individuals with the lesion were dying much younger. The frequency of CO among the sexes was not statistically significant. On the other hand, CO had a negative effect only on adult males, i.e., males who had the lesion died at a younger age. Furthermore, CO and linear enamel hypoplasia were positively related for subadults, whereas no significant relationships were found among adults of corresponding sex. Incidence of periostitis and adult stature were not related to CO.

scholarly journals Dental Caries Experience in the Deciduous Dentition of Rural Guatemalan Children Ages 6 Months to 7 Years

1976 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Infante ◽  
George M. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Deciduous Dentition ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
White Children ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Repeated Observation

A study of 528 Guatemalan children indicated that caries prevalence in the deciduous dentition was twice as great as but in the permanent dentition was similar to that for US white children. This is a repeated observation for children of some preindustrial societies. Caries experience was significantly greater in boys. Until 4 years of age, caries attack was greater in the anterior segment of the oral cavity; linear enamel hypoplasia was a predisposing factor.

scholarly journals Burials from Cemetery Wad Ben Naga C260 – First Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Gabriela Jungová
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Grave Goods

During the sixteenth–eighteenth excavation seasons, cemetery WBN C260 at the archaeological site of Wad Ben Naga (Sudan) yielded the remains of fourteen individuals, both adult and non-adult. The burials, tentatively dated as post-Meroitic/Christian, were oriented to the north or north-west, with scarce grave goods, simple substructures, and no identified superstructures. Anthropological analysis revealed non-specific signs of stress including porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia, linear enamel hypoplasia, and endocranial lesions known as serpens endocrania symmetrica.

scholarly journals The Anthropology of Infectious Diseases of Bronze Age and Early Iron Age from Armenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Khudaverdyan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Human History ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Antemortem Tooth Loss

This study reviews the evidence for thepresence of specific infectious diseases in Armenianskeletal series of Bronze Age and Early Iron Age.Throughout human history, pathogens have beenresponsible for the majority of human deaths. Factorssuch as age, sex, and nutritional status can influencewhether an individual contracts and develops aparticular infection, while environmental conditions,such as climate, sanitation, pollution, and contact withothers will affect the susceptibility of a population. Thefrequencies of such signs as osteomyelitis, peridontaldisease, leprosy, abscesses, and so forth, testify that thepeople experienced a variety of forces and durations—both internal and external—of stressful influences.Individuals from Sevan region may have had morechronic infections due to continued exposure to pathogensduring their lives as well as traumatic injuries. Sevenindividuals had nasopharyngeal lesions consistent with adiagnosis of leprosy. Dental caries was less severe in theSevan region, although dental abscesses (51 individuals)and antemortem tooth loss (87 individuals) were moreprevalent. In contrast, periodontal disease (8/18 adults)and antemortem loss (8/18 adults) of the molars weremore prevalent at the Shiraksky plain. Data focusing onclimate influence, migratory, and cultural habits in thepast are discussed.

scholarly journals Novas Inferências sobre o Sítio Arqueológico Içara-01 a partir da Análise dos Remanescentes Humanos

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Marina Nogueira Di Giusto ◽  
Veronica Wesolowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Enamel Hypoplasia ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Porotic Hyperostosis ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Cribra Orbitalia ◽  
Linear Enamel Hypoplasia

A partir de um projeto de pesquisa que objetivou averiguar o comportamento de marcadores osteológicos em remanescentes humanos na perspectiva da longa duração no litoral sul de Santa Catarina, foram obtidos interessantesresultados para o sítio conchífero Içara-01. Foram analisados os marcadores de estresse osteológicos de Hiperostose Porótica (HP), Cribra orbitalia (CO) e Hipoplasia Linear de Esmalte (HLE) em 35 indivíduos de Içara-01 e seusresultados foram comparados com os adquiridos para indivíduos sepultados em períodos concomitantes dos sambaquis Cabeçuda e Jabuticabeira II. As autoras levantam a hipótese de que os indivíduos sepultados em Içara poderiam ser de um grupo litorâneo que utilizou o sítio como cemitério e que teria mobilidade na costa e no planalto, e não provenientes do planalto e que utilizariam Içara comoacampamento temporário, como postula a literatura. Abstract: As part of a research project that aimed to investigate the osteological markers behavior in human remains from a long-term perspective on the south coast ofSanta Catarina (Brazil), interesting results were obtained from the Içara´s conchiferous site (Içara-01). The authors analyzed osteological stress markers of Porotic Hyperostosis (HP), Cribra orbitalia (CO) and Linear Enamel Hypoplasia(LEH) in 35 individuals from Içara-01. They compared the results with those obtained for individuals buried in concomitant periods at Cabeçuda and Jabuticabeira II shellmounds. The hypothesis is that the buried individualsin Içara-01 could be members from a coastal group that used the site as a cemetery and had mobility through the coast and the highland, and not that came from the highland and used Içara-01 as a temporary camp, as the literature postulates. 

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